英语翻译However,the C atoms of [U-13C]Arg or [U-13C/U-15N]Arg were not incorporated into the free AAs in mycorrhizal roots even though traces of 15N enrichment were observed in the AAs,and traces of intact [U-13C]Arg or [U-13C/U-15N]Arg were foun

英语翻译However,the C atoms of [U-13C]Arg or [U-13C/U-15N]Arg were not incorporated into the free AAs in mycorrhizal roots even though traces of 15N enrichment were observed in the AAs,and traces of intact [U-13C]Arg or [U-13C/U-15N]Arg were foun
英语翻译
However,the C atoms of [U-13C]Arg or [U-13C/U-15N]Arg were not incorporated into the free AAs in
mycorrhizal roots even though traces of 15N enrichment
were observed in the AAs,and traces of intact [U-13C]Arg
or [U-13C/U-15N]Arg were found in protein extracted from
the mycorrhizal roots (this work; Govindarajulu et al.,2005).
Subsequently,we confirmed that the intact,labeled Arg
observed in the protein came from contamination with free
Arg in mycorrhizal roots because the protein dialysis process
does not remove it completely.Both [U-13C]Arg and [U-13C/
U-15N]Arg were found intact in extracts of free AAs and
protein AAs when added to uncolonized roots,indicating
that if Arg were transferred by the fungus to the host it would
have been detected (this work; Govindarajulu et al.,2005).
Additionally,when uncolonized roots were labeled with [U-
13C]Arg for 6 wk,low levels of 13C enrichment were observed
in free Gln and Glu.Introduction of [U-13C/U-15N]Arg to
cultured uncolonized roots produced free AAs (especially Glu
and Gln) enriched in 15N and 13C.Thus if roots are exposed
to Arg,it is taken up and utilized.
Arg is the major form in which N is transported from the
ERM to IRM in the mycorrhizal symbiosis,Furthermore,we
determined by 1H NMR that about 50% of the total N found
in mycorrizal roots was delivered from the hyphae under
these experimental conditions.These results indicate that
the amounts of N transported via hyphae can constitute a
large contribution to the N nutrition of the plant,as opposed
to earlier suggestions to the contrary (Hawkins et al.,2000).
Although these data demonstrate the capacity of the fungal
partner to deliver a large proportion of the N taken up by
roots,further study is needed using whole plants to determine
the contribution that the fungus makes to N uptake under
different conditions.
In a model of N uptake,transport and transfer by AM
fungi (Fig.9),we suggest that:(i) AM fungi take up inorganic
N (NH4+,NO3-); (ii) absorbed N is mostly incorporated and
stored in Arg; (iii) AM fungi assimilate the N through GS/
GOGAT,asparagine synthase and the urea cycle; (iv) stored Arg can be co-transported with PolyP intact to the IRM from the ERM of AM fungi,and Arg is also bi-directionally trans-
ported within the ERM; and (v) N released from transported Arg is transferred to the host as NH4+ and can be incorporated into other free AAs in mycorrhizal roots,while C not trans-
ferred to the host is recycled back to the ERM.

英语翻译However,the C atoms of [U-13C]Arg or [U-13C/U-15N]Arg were not incorporated into the free AAs in mycorrhizal roots even though traces of 15N enrichment were observed in the AAs,and traces of intact [U-13C]Arg or [U-13C/U-15N]Arg were foun
没有高分奖励,就给你个机译版吧.
然而,[U型碳]精氨酸或[U-13C/U-15N]精氨酸的C原子不纳入校友会在自由
菌根根即使痕迹15N富集
被观察到原子吸收光谱,并完整[U型碳]精氨酸痕迹
或[U-13C/U-15N]精氨酸被发现的蛋白质提取
菌根根（这项工作; Govindarajulu等.,2005）.
后来,我们确认,完整,标记精氨酸
在来观察蛋白质免费污染
精氨酸对菌根根,因为透析过程中的蛋白质
它完全不删除.这两个[U型碳]精氨酸和[U型碳/
U型中15N]精氨酸被发现并提取物完好无校友会
当蛋白质添加到uncolonized根,表明校友会
如果由精氨酸被转移到主机真菌会
已检测到（这项工作; Govindarajulu等.,2005）.
此外,当uncolonized根标记[U型
碳]精氨酸为6周,低水平的13C富集观察
在自由谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸.作者：[U-13C/U-15N简介]精氨酸
免费培养uncolonized根部校友会（尤其是谷氨酸
和Gln）富集中15N和13C.因此,如果树根裸露
以精氨酸,它是占用和利用.
精氨酸是主要的形式,N是从运
企业风险管理,以信息资源管理中的菌根共生,此外,我们
核磁共振测定,约有50％符合全氮
发表在菌根根下的菌丝
这些实验的条件.这些结果表明,
氮的数量运送通过菌丝可以构成
大的贡献,植物氮营养,而不是
早先的说法正好相反（霍金斯等人.,2000）.
虽然这些数据表明该真菌的能力
合作伙伴提供一系列的N大的比重就由
根,需要进一步研究以确定使用整个植物
真菌的贡献,使得对氮的吸收下
不同的条件.
在氮的吸收,运输和转移模型的上午
真菌（图9）,我们建议：（一）从事无机AM真菌
ñ（铵态氮,硝态氮）,（二）吸收N为主要注册及

在精氨酸存储;（三）AM真菌吸收的N通过GS /
酶,天冬酰胺合成酶和尿素循环;（四）存储精氨酸可以合作伴息肉完整的信息资源管理运从上午真菌汇率机制,精氨酸也是双向跨
移植在企业风险管理;和（五）公布由N运精氨酸被转移到与铵离子可分为主机和菌根根在校友会纳入其他自由,而C不透
橱主机是回流到企业风险管理.

然而,原子U-13C][[U-13C / U-15N高温或高温不纳入)的自由原子
菌根即使痕迹的15N浓缩
观察在原子吸收、微量的完整的[U-13C]来吗
U-13C / U-15N]或[高温中被发现的蛋白提取
这个工作的菌根(;Govindarajulu等,2005)。
随后,我们确认完好、标记的高温
观察在蛋白是从污染重获...

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然而,原子U-13C][[U-13C / U-15N高温或高温不纳入)的自由原子
菌根即使痕迹的15N浓缩
观察在原子吸收、微量的完整的[U-13C]来吗
U-13C / U-15N]或[高温中被发现的蛋白提取
这个工作的菌根(;Govindarajulu等,2005)。
随后,我们确认完好、标记的高温
观察在蛋白是从污染重获自由
由于高温菌根的透析过程中蛋白质
不能去除净尽。[U-13C都来和U-13C)
U-15N]来发现完整的自由原子吸收,在提取
当添加到uncolonized蛋白用根,注明
如果来了由真菌被转移到主人的那样
这个工作已经被发现(;Govindarajulu等,2005)。
此外,当uncolonized根被贴上[U -
6周碳]高温、低水平的碳浓缩
在自由Gln和破坏。介绍U-15N][U-13C高温。/
uncolonized培养自由原子产生的根源(尤其是遭到破坏
与Gln)富含15N和碳。因此,如果根被暴露
对高温,被利用起来。
高温的主要形式是运送的
在卵菌对信息资源,并在此基础上,共生
经核磁共振氢谱测定,大约50%的总氮的发现
在mycorrizal根下脱离菌丝
这些实验条件。这些结果显示
大量的氮运送伸出菌丝可以构成
大贡献的植物,氮营养相对
早先的意见相反(霍金斯等,2000年)。
虽然这些资料证明能力的真菌
合作伙伴提供大量的比例由N
需要进一步研究的根源,用整个植物来确定的
真菌的贡献对氮素吸收
不同的条件。
在模型中氮素吸收、运输和传送
(图9)的真菌,我们建议:(1)丛枝菌根真菌占无机
N(NH4 +、NO3);(2)吸收的氮是公司和

储存在高温;(3)丛枝菌根真菌吸收氮通过GS /
asparagine GOGAT、合成酶和尿素循环;(四)可以co-transported来存储的信息和息肉完整的风险,来丛枝菌根真菌的bi-directionally也是反-
在卵、移植(5)N免除运送来转移到东道主NH4 +和可以被纳入其他自由原子,而在菌根不反式- C
转移到主人回收回到了风险。

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