英语翻译

英语翻译
英语翻译

英语翻译
亚洲运动会(Asian Games)是亚洲地区规模最大的综合性运动会.每四年一届,与奥林匹克运动会相间举行.最初由亚洲运动会联合会主办,1982年后由亚洲奥林匹克理事会(Olympic Council of Asia)主办.自1951年第一届始,迄今共举办了13届.国际奥林匹克委员会承认亚洲运动会为正式的亚洲地区运动会.
第二次世界大战结束后,亚洲许多国家先后摆脱了殖民统治,获得了独立和解放,建立了新的社会制度.随着战争创伤的平复,人民生活日趋安定,体育运动也逐渐活跃起来.因战争中断了12年的奥林匹克运动会又恢复举行.在这一历史背景下,亚洲体育界人士产生了组建一个统一的亚洲体育领导机构,以推动亚洲体育运动发展的积极愿望.
1949年2月13日,来自亚洲各国体育组织的代表在新德里签署了亚洲运动会联合会宪章,亚洲运动会联合会正式成立.亚洲运动会联合会的任务是：按期主办亚洲运动会和亚洲冬季运动会,弘扬奥林匹克精神,鼓励和引导亚洲体育运动的发展.
亚洲运动会的比赛项目不像奥林匹克运动会那样有严格的规定,除田径、游泳、足球、篮球等广为开展的项目每届都必须列入外,主办国可根据自身的条件和运动技术水平适当增减.如第三届亚洲运动会在日本举行,日本增加了自己的强项乒乓球、排球、网球等；第四届在印度尼西亚举办时,印尼增加了该国擅长的羽毛球；第十届南朝鲜列入了跆拳道；第十一届我国则取消了跆拳道,增加了武术等项目.当然,比赛项目的增减与变换都必须得到亚奥理事会的同意和批准,东道国无权随意安排.亚洲运动会迄今已举行了13届,比赛项目也经历了从少到多的发展过程--从第一届的6项逐渐增至第13届的36项.前13届运动会举办过的项目分别有射箭、田径、羽毛球、棒球、篮球、台球、保龄球、拳击、皮划艇、自行车、马术、击剑、足球、高尔夫球、体操（含艺术体操）、手球、曲棍球、柔道、卡巴迪、空手道、现代五项、赛艇、橄榄球、藤球、射击、软式网球、垒球、壁球、游泳（含花样游泳、跳水和水球）、乒乓球、跆拳道、网球、排球（含沙滩排球）、举重、摔跤、武术、帆船共37项.
1951年,第一届亚洲运动会在印度新德里举行时,中华全国体育总会应邀参观了大会.1954年,菲律宾举办第二届亚洲运动会时邀请台湾参加,使台湾加入亚洲运动会联合会.此后,我国未同亚洲运动会联合会发生任何联系.1973年9月18日,亚洲运动会联合会执委会在曼谷会议上确认中华全国体育总会为该联合会会员.同年11月16日,亚洲运动会联合会理事会在德黑兰会议上批准了执委会9月18日的决定.自1974年第七届始,中国派队参加了历届亚洲运动会的比赛.
在已举行过的13届亚洲运动会中,亚洲的老牌体育强国日本前8届金牌数一直都稳居首位.1974年第七届亚洲运动会,中国首次征战,金牌数列第三.1978年,中国金牌数升至第二位.在1982年第九届亚洲运动会上,中国终于打破了日本长期独霸亚洲体坛的局面,金牌数越居第一.从那以后,中国体育运动的总体水平稳步提高,在历届亚洲运动会上都名列金牌榜首,成为名副其实的亚洲第一体育强国.
迄今为止,共有8个国家主办过亚洲运动会：其中泰国4次,日本和印度各2次,中国、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、伊朗和韩国各1次.1990年,北京成功地举办了第十一届亚洲运动会.来自亚洲37个国家和地区的4655名运动员参加了27个大项(308个小项)的角逐,中国获得183枚金牌,几乎相当于第二名韩国（54枚）和第三名日本（38枚）金牌数总和的两倍.该届比赛也创造了优异的成绩--破4项世界纪录、平1项世界纪录、破42项亚洲纪录、破98项亚洲运动会纪录.
第十三届亚洲运动会于1998年12月6日至20日在泰国首都曼谷举行.来自41个国家和地区的7000多名运动员参加了36个项目的比赛.在本届运动会奖牌榜上列前三名的国家是：中国（129枚金牌、77银牌、68铜牌）、韩国（65枚金牌、47枚银牌、52枚铜牌）和日本（52枚金牌、61枚银牌、68枚铜牌）.东道主泰国获得了24枚金牌、26枚银牌和40枚铜牌,在"亚洲三强"之后居第四位.本届亚运会的奖牌流向了更多的国家和地区,共有23个国家和地区获得金牌,33个国家和地区获得奖牌,创下了亚运会的历史纪录.
第十四届亚洲运动会将于2002年在韩国釜山举行.
亚洲冬季运动会原定与亚洲运动会同年举行,迄今共举办了4届.第一届和第二届亚洲冬季运动会分别于1986年和1990年在日本札幌举行.因改变原定东道国等原因,第三届亚洲冬季运动会推迟了两年,于1996年在中国哈尔滨举行.第四届亚洲冬季运动会于1999年1月30日在韩国江源道举行.
在迄今举办过的4届亚洲冬季运动会上,曾分别举行了速度滑冰、短道速滑、花样滑冰、冰球、高山滑雪、越野滑雪、现代冬季两项、自由式滑雪等8个大项或分项（43个小项）的比赛,还举行过跳台滑雪表演.
在前两届亚洲冬季运动会上,东道国日本实力突出,以很大优势夺走了大部分金牌.日本、中国、韩国在两届比赛中都分别名列金牌榜前三位.第三届亚洲冬季运动会,由于前苏联中亚地区哈萨克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦等国的加盟,以及我国冬季运动项目技术水平的提高,实力格局发生了变化,中国和哈萨克斯坦分别以15枚和14枚金牌排在第一、二位,日本仅以8枚金牌名列第三.在第四届亚洲冬季运动会上,中国派出92名运动员参加了全部7个大项的比赛,结果以获得15枚金牌、10枚银牌和11枚铜牌的成绩再次名列第一.东道主韩国获得11枚金牌、10枚银牌和14枚铜牌,排名第二.哈萨克斯坦获得10枚金牌、8枚银牌和7枚铜牌,排位第三.亚洲的老牌冰雪强国日本第一次被挤出前三名,仅以获得6金、14银、9铜的成绩位居第四.
第五届亚洲冬季运动会将于2003年在日本青森市举行.
Asian Games (Asian Games) is Asia's largest integrated Games. Every four years, alternating with the Olympic Games was held. Initially sponsored by the Asian Games Federation, in 1982 by the Olympic Council of Asia (Olympic Council of Asia) to host. Since the beginning of the first session in 1951, has so far held 13 sessions. Recognition of the International Olympic Committee for the Asian Games Asian Games official.
After World War II, many Asian countries have freed itself from colonial rule, gained independence and liberation, the establishment of a new social system. With the wounds of war healed, and people's lives become more stable, sport has gradually become active again. Interrupted by war for 12 years and the resumption of the Olympic Games. In this historical background, the Asian sports industry have had to form a unified leadership of the Asian sports bodies to promote the positive aspirations of sports development.
February 13, 1949, from Asian countries, representatives of sports organizations in New Delhi to sign the Charter of the Asian Games Federation, the Asian Games Federation was officially established. Asian Games Federation's mission is to: scheduled to host the Asian Games and the Asian Winter Games, to carry forward the Olympic spirit, encourage and guide the development of sport in Asia.
Unlike the Asian Games as the Olympic Games there are strict rules, with the exception of track and field, swimming, football, basketball and other widely carried out in each project must be included, the host country in accordance with the conditions of their own skill level and sport by appropriate by. Such as the third Asian Games held in Japan, Japan to increase its own strength table tennis, volleyball, tennis, etc.; the fourth time in Indonesia, Indonesia has increased at the country's badminton; included in the Tenth South Korea taekwondo; China is the eleventh canceled taekwondo, martial arts and other projects has increased. Of course, changes in competition and transform the Olympic Council of Asia must be agreed and approved by, the host country the right to random arrangements. Asian Games has so far held 13 sessions, has also experienced competition from the less to the development process and more - from the first session gradually increased to 6 of the 13th of 36. Before the 13th Games of the items held in archery, athletics, badminton, baseball, basketball, billiards, bowling, boxing, canoeing, cycling, equestrian, fencing, football, golf, gymnastics (including rhythmic gymnastics), handball, hockey, judo, kabaddi, karate, modern pentathlon, rowing, rugby, sepak takraw, shooting, soft tennis, softball, squash, swimming (including synchronized swimming, diving and water polo), table tennis, taekwondo, tennis, volleyball (including beach volleyball), weightlifting, wrestling, martial arts, sailing a total of 37.
In 1951, the first Asian Games held in New Delhi, India, the All-China Sports Federation was invited to visit the General Assembly. In 1954, the Philippines, the second Asian Games held at the invitation of Taiwan's participation, so that Taiwan's entry into the Asian Games Federation. Since then, China's Asian Games Federation has not taken place with any contact. September 18, 1973, the Asian Games Federation Executive Committee meeting in Bangkok confirmed that China Sports Federation Member of the Federation. November 16 the same year, the Asian Games Federation Council meeting in Tehran, the Executive Committee approved the September 18 decision. Since the beginning of 1974, the seventh, China sent teams to participate in the previous Asian Games.
Has held in the 13 th Asian Games, a veteran sports power in Asia before the 8th gold medal in Japan have been a number of the first rank. The seventh Asian Games in 1974, China's first battle, the third series of gold. In 1978, the number of China's gold rose to second place. In 1982, the Ninth Asian Games, China, Japan finally broke the long-term situation to dominate sports in Asia, occupying the first gold medal a few more. Since then, the overall level of China's sports steady improvement in both the previous Asian Games gold medal ranking list, a real sports power in Asia.
To date, a total of eight countries which hosted the Asian Games: Thailand 4 times, Japan and India all 2 times, China, the Philippines, Indonesia, Iran and South Korea, 1st. In 1990, Beijing successfully hosted the first Asian Games. From 37 Asian countries and regions participated in the 4655 athlete of 27 large (308 small items) of the race, China won 183 gold medals, almost equivalent to the second South Korea (54) and third in Japan (38 pieces) the sum of twice the number of gold medals. The competition also has created excellent results - four world records broken, to a world record, broke the Asian record of 42, broke the Asian Games record of 98.
13th Asian Games in 1998, December 6-20, held in Bangkok, Thailand. From 41 countries and regions, more than 7,000 athletes participated in 36 events. Medals at this Games, the top three countries listed are: China (129 medals, 77 silver, 68 bronze), South Korea (65 gold, 47 silver, 52 bronze) and Japan (52 gold, 61 silver, 68 bronze). Thailand, the host won 24 gold, 26 silver and 40 bronze medals, in the "Asia's top three" after the fourth home. The Asian Games medals went to more countries and regions, a total of 23 countries and regions won gold medals, 33 countries and regions won medals, setting a Games record.
14th Asian Games in 2002 will be held in Pusan, South Korea.
Asian Winter Games and the Asian Games scheduled to be held in the same year, so far a total of 4 sessions. The first and second respectively in the Asian Winter Games in 1986 and 1990, held in Sapporo, Japan. Originally due to changes in the host country and other reasons, the third Asian Winter Games has been postponed for two years, in 1996, held in Harbin, China. Fourth Asian Winter Games in January 30, 1999 Jiang Yuan Road, held in South Korea.
So far been held in the 4th Asian Winter Games were held in speed skating, short track speed skating, figure skating, ice hockey, alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, modern biathlon, freestyle skiing, such as large or 8 hours item (Xiao Xiang 43) of the competition, also held a performance ski.
The previous two Asian Winter Games, the host country to highlight the strength of Japan, took advantage of a great majority of the gold medal. Japan, China, South Korea in the two-game both ranked in the top three gold medal standings. The third Asian Winter Games, the Central Asian region as a result of the former Soviet Union, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and other countries to join, as well as my winter sport technical level, the pattern of changes in strength, China and Kazakhstan, respectively, to 15 and 14 gold medals came in the first and second place, only eight gold medals in Japan finished third. At the fourth Asian Winter Games, China sent 92 athletes to participate in all the seven major competitions, the results for 15 gold, 10 silver and 11 bronze medals once again ranked first in the results. South Korea was the host 11 gold, 10 silver and 14 bronze medals, ranking second. Kazakhstan won 10 gold, eight silver and seven bronze medals, ranking third. Old snow country in Asia the first time that Japan was out of the top three, only received 6 gold, 14 silver and 9 bronzes ranked fourth.
Fifth Asian Winter Games in 2003 will be held in the city of Aomori in Japan.