have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work如题, 这句话里的 bumping为什么要用ing形式呢? 是作现在分词吗? 如果是作现在分词那前面怎么没有谓语BE呢? 求解释 还有bump into

have been have been have been have been 新概念2 第90课：这个Divers为啥不加定冠词the呢?第五行：oil rigs have to be repaired frequently and [divers],who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water,have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping oil rigs have to be repaired frequently and divers,who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water,have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work.这里的bumping into为什么要用ing形式呢?而 have been还是have been being? have since been 和 have been since have been 和have ever been区别! have broken have been broken? I have been there,have been 是have been in还是have been to的缩写? Have been waiting for have+been是什么时态 have never been是什么意思 have been 的用法? Where have they been? could have been Have you been to?