英语翻译3.One of the puzzlesof human language is that individualswho become deaf as adults remain capable of producing quite intelligible speech for many years,in the absence of auditory input1-3.This ability suggests that speech production is su

英语翻译3.One of the puzzlesof human language is that individualswho become deaf as adults remain capable of producing quite intelligible speech for many years,in the absence of auditory input1-3.This ability suggests that speech production is su
英语翻译
3.One of the puzzlesof human language is that individualswho become deaf as adults remain capable of producing quite intelligible speech for many years,in the absence of auditory input1-3.
This ability suggests that speech production is substantially大体上dependent on non-auditory非听觉sensory information,and in particular,afferent输入的input from the somatosensory体觉的system.
Previousstudies that have soughtto identify a somatosensory basis to speech motor function have done so in the presence of auditory inputs 4– 12 and henceany effects that were observed may have been due tothe presence of the auditory signal.
Here we show that somatosensory input on its own may underlie构成…的基础speech production and speech motor learning.
We do so by studying speech learning in cochlear implant recipients 耳蜗移植接受者who we tested with their implants turned off.
We assessed speech learning by using a robotic device that applied forces,which displaced the jaw and alteredsomatosensory feedback during speech.
We found that even in the absence of auditory input,implant subjects progressively corrected their speech movements to offset补偿,抵消errors in the motion path of the jaw.
Indeed,the levels of adaptation that we observed were comparable for implant subjects and normal hearing control subjects.
This indicates that speech learning is substantially dependent on somatosensory feedback.
Speech production must be understood both as an auditory13-15 and a somatosensory task11,12,16.

英语翻译3.One of the puzzlesof human language is that individualswho become deaf as adults remain capable of producing quite intelligible speech for many years,in the absence of auditory input1-3.This ability suggests that speech production is su
人类的语言是individualswho变聋的成年人仍然能够产生非常易懂的语音,多年来,在没有听觉输入1-3.这种能力表明,语音的生产基本上是大体上依赖非听觉非听觉感觉信息,并在特定的,与躯体感觉传入输入的体觉的系统输入.此前,力图找出一个躯体感觉运动功能的基础上的语音在听觉输入4–12和henceany效果观察存在这样做可能是由于存在的听觉信号.在这里,我们表明,体感输入自己的可能是构成……的基础言语产生和言语运动学习.我们这样做是通过研究人工耳蜗植入者的语音学习耳蜗移植接受者谁我们测试他们的植入关闭.我们评估语音学习通过一个机械装置,施加的力,而流离失所的下颚和alteredsomatosensory反馈在讲话.我们发现,即使在听觉输入的缺失,植入的主题逐步纠正他们的语音动作来抵消补偿,在下颌运动轨迹抵消错误.事实上,适应的水平,我们观察到了类似的植入者和听力正常控制科目.这表明,语音学习基本上依赖于体感反馈.语音生产必须被理解为auditory13-15和体感

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