英语翻译Abstract:Effective interdiction of illicit radioactive material requires decision criteria that are sensitive to the material of interest,while insensitive to material of lesser interest.Injection studies are used to assess the sensitivit

英语翻译Abstract:Effective interdiction of illicit radioactive material requires decision criteria that are sensitive to the material of interest,while insensitive to material of lesser interest.Injection studies are used to assess the sensitivit
英语翻译
Abstract:
Effective interdiction of illicit radioactive material requires decision criteria that are sensitive to the material of interest,while insensitive to material of lesser interest.Injection studies are used to assess the sensitivities of decision criteria to radioactive threat scenarios.Configuring injection studies requires decisions about methodological factors that represent or simplify actual field conditions.Understanding the relative impact of different source injection methods on alarm rates and other outcome measures is vital for interpreting results of injection studies.
The most complete and realistic way to inject point-source counts into a vehicle count profile is with the randomly positioned source profile approach.In this paper,we report a study of the impacts of methodological simplifications to this approach.We assessed relative sensitivity of two field-deployed
detection algorithms to two experimental factors in point-source injection studies.The first factor featured “centered” versus “random” point-source position along the vehicle count profile.The second factor featured either adding the entire injection profile (“profile injection”) or adding only the central “spike” portion of the injection profile nearest to the point-source position (“spike injection”).A
collection of 75 059 archived vehicle count profiles from an operating border crossing were injected with a simulated low-energy gamma-ray point-source intended to emulate surrogates of highly enriched uranium or plutonium.Outcomes were assessed by means of injection curves (alarm rate vs.
injection source size) and a derived measure,minimum detectable count rates (MDC) required to attain a detection probability of 95%.
Results show that injection methodology combined with algorithm impacts study outcomes in different ways.For gross count results,centered spike injections yield higher detection sensitivity than centered profile injections,and random spike injections yield even higher detection sensitivity than
centered spike injections.Conversely,for energy window ratio results,centered spike injections yield less sensitivity than centered profile injections,and random spike injections yield even less sensitivity than centered spike injections.These effects may be partially attributable to background suppression in the vehicle profile of detection statistics.Although the observed effects (up to 10%) are not large,the injection method impacts alarm rates from the two detection algorithms in opposite directions.These results inform methodological decisions and assessments of results in injection studies.
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英语翻译Abstract:Effective interdiction of illicit radioactive material requires decision criteria that are sensitive to the material of interest,while insensitive to material of lesser interest.Injection studies are used to assess the sensitivit
文摘:
有效的封锁的非法放射性材料要求决定标准是敏感的物质利益,而不敏感材料的较小的兴趣.注射用于评估研究的敏感性的决策标准放射性威胁的情况.配置决策需要注射研究方法论上的因素,代表或简化实际田间情况.了解不同资源的相对影响注射方法对报警利率和其他测量结果为进一步解释结果是至关重要的注射的研究.
最完整、实际手法注入点源进一辆汽车数计算的轮廓线源定位方法.侧面随机本文报导的影响的研究对这种方法简化方法.我们评估的两field-deployed相对灵敏度
检测算法两个实验因素注射点源学习.第一个因素了“为中心”与“随机”点源在车辆位置计数的侧面.第二个因素会出现其他增加整个注入剖面("姿态注入”仅仅中央)或添加“钉状”注入剖面的部分最接近点源位置(“钉注射”).一个
集75 059存档车辆数从一个侧面操作的边界注射配有模拟低能量射线点源打算模仿额外的高度浓缩铀或钚元素.评估的结果是通过注射曲线报警率与
注射源大小)和派生措施,最低检测率(MDC)数必须达到探测概率为95%.
结果表明,注射方法结合算法研究结果差异性影响以不同的方式.对总体统计结果,集中穗注射产量较高的检测敏感性胜于为中心的简介注射,随机穗注射产量更高的检测灵敏度
集中穗注射.相反地,对于结果,集中精力窗口比穗注射敏感性胜于收益率也集中剖面注射,随机穗注射产量更少的敏感性胜于集中穗注射.这些效应可能部分归因于背景抑制型材在车辆检测统计.虽然观测效应(10%)并不很大,喷射方法两率报警影响检测算法研究相反的方向.这些结果通知方法论的决定和评估结果注射的研究.