can you help me with question?为什么I2溶于CCl4为紫色溶液,溶于乙醚为红棕色?
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canyouhelpmewithquestion?为什么I2溶于CCl4为紫色溶液,溶于乙醚为红棕色?canyouhelpmewithquestion?为什么I2溶于CCl4为紫色溶液,溶于乙醚为红棕
can you help me with question?为什么I2溶于CCl4为紫色溶液,溶于乙醚为红棕色?
can you help me with question?为什么I2溶于CCl4为紫色溶液,溶于乙醚为红棕色?
can you help me with question?为什么I2溶于CCl4为紫色溶液,溶于乙醚为红棕色?
这叫溶剂化.
碘在不同溶剂中所形成溶液的颜色随相剂不同而有区别.碘仅微溶于水,得到黄色到棕色溶液.碘易溶于有机溶剂中.如不饱和烃、液态二氧化硫、醇、酮、醚、酯和苯等溶剂中为棕色或棕红色;碘在链烃、二硫化碳、四氯化碳溶剂中呈紫色.
碘在试管中加热,得到碘蒸气是紫色的.说明碘以分子状态存在为紫色.碘在不同溶剂中显不同的颜色是由于碘的溶剂化不同.碘在非极性溶剂中,如四氯化碳中碘不发生溶剂化,溶解的碘以分子状态存在,故溶液颜色与碘蒸气颜色相同.用光谱仪试验碘溶液的颜色,紫色溶液的可见光谱在5200~5400×10-10米区域内、这是跟碘蒸气中碘分子的光谱是一致的.也说明在紫色溶液中,碘以碘分子状态存在.碘在乙醇、乙醚、水等溶剂中呈黄色、棕色或红棕色.这是因为乙醇、乙醚等溶剂能够给出电子,通常叫供体溶剂.当碘溶解时,跟这类溶剂结合,通常形成的是1:1的电荷迁移配合物,即I2……S(S代表溶剂),这个名字是来自其相互作用的本质,即这种相互作用是电荷迁移形式,这种配合物的光谱接近于可见光,电子跃迁过程相应于一个电子由溶剂分子(配体)迁移到I2上去,它的频率随配体溶剂分子的电离能的降低而降低,因此所显的颜色随溶剂的不同而不同.
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