英语翻译The ability todegrade lignocellulose efficiently is thoughtto be associated with a mycelial growthhabit which allows the fungus to transportscarce nutrients,e.g.nitrogen and iron,over a distance into the nutrient-poorlignocellulosic subst

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英语翻译Theabilitytodegradelignocelluloseefficientlyisthoughttobeassociatedwithamycelialgrowthhabitwhich

英语翻译The ability todegrade lignocellulose efficiently is thoughtto be associated with a mycelial growthhabit which allows the fungus to transportscarce nutrients,e.g.nitrogen and iron,over a distance into the nutrient-poorlignocellulosic subst
英语翻译
The ability to
degrade lignocellulose efficiently is thought
to be associated with a mycelial growth
habit which allows the fungus to transport
scarce nutrients,e.g.nitrogen and iron,
over a distance into the nutrient-poor
lignocellulosic substrate that constitutes its
carbon source.It is curious in this regard
that Actinomycetes (i.e.bacteria with a
mycelial growth habit) have not evolved
the capacity to degrade lignocellulose efficiently.
It is possible that they have the
ability to modify lignin somewhat,but no
evidence has accumulated to show that
they can degrade it (Kirk and Farrell,
1987).
Fungal wood decay
The course of fungal lignocellulose degradation
is most readily observable in intact
dead wood which,despite its complex
ultrastructure,is actually the simplest and
best characterized form of litter.In wood,
three distinct types of fungal decay can be
distinguished:white rot,brown rot,and
soft rot (Eriksson et al.,1990).
White rot fungi are the most abundant
degraders of wood in nature.Their
strategy is to decompose the lignin in wood
so that they can gain access to the cellulose
and hemicelluloses that are embedded in
the lignin matrix.

英语翻译The ability todegrade lignocellulose efficiently is thoughtto be associated with a mycelial growthhabit which allows the fungus to transportscarce nutrients,e.g.nitrogen and iron,over a distance into the nutrient-poorlignocellulosic subst
有效降解木质纤维素的能力与菌丝生长习性有关,即,真菌将微量营养物质,如氮和铁,输送至缺乏此类营养物质的木质纤维素基质中,同时该基质为真菌提供碳源.这样一来,放射菌类(即有菌丝生长习性的细菌)却没有在进化中获得有效降解木质纤维素的事实令人惊讶.它们有可能在一定程度上改变木质素的结构,但没有证据显示它们能够降解木质纤维素(柯克和法瑞尔,1987年).
木材的真菌腐烂
如果要观察真菌降解木质纤维素的过程,最好选择完整的朽木,尽管有复杂的超微结构,却是最简单、最具典型性的垃圾形式.木材中,能辨别出三种真菌腐蚀:白腐、褐腐和软腐(埃里克森等人,1990年).白腐真菌是大自然中含量最丰富的木材降解菌.它们先分解木材中的木质素,然后进入木质素矩阵中的纤维素和半纤维素,以达到降解的目的.

能够有效地降解纤维素的思想有关联的菌丝生长习性使真菌运输稀缺营养素,如氮,铁,在距离到养分穷人木质纤维构成的衬底碳源。这是奇怪在这方面该放(即细菌,以菌丝生长习性)尚未形成的能力,有效地降解纤维素。这是可能的,他们有能力修改木质素多少,但没有证据表明已积累表明,他们可能会降低它(尔柯克和法雷尔, 1987年) 。木材腐朽真菌课程降解纤维素的真菌是最容易观察到的完整的枯木,尽管其复杂的超微结构,实际...

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能够有效地降解纤维素的思想有关联的菌丝生长习性使真菌运输稀缺营养素,如氮,铁,在距离到养分穷人木质纤维构成的衬底碳源。这是奇怪在这方面该放(即细菌,以菌丝生长习性)尚未形成的能力,有效地降解纤维素。这是可能的,他们有能力修改木质素多少,但没有证据表明已积累表明,他们可能会降低它(尔柯克和法雷尔, 1987年) 。木材腐朽真菌课程降解纤维素的真菌是最容易观察到的完整的枯木,尽管其复杂的超微结构,实际上是最简单和最特色形式的垃圾。在木材,三类不同的真菌衰变可分为:白腐病,褐腐病和软腐病(埃里克森等。 , 1990年) 。白腐菌是最丰富的degraders木材的性质。他们的战略是分解木质素的木材,使他们能够获得的纤维素和半纤维素的植根于木质素矩阵。

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