LiKCaBaNaMgALLaZnTiMnFeSnPbNiSrRbCs(H)CoCuCrHgAgPtAuTa的金属活动性顺序,(最好答出每个的电极电势
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LiKCaBaNaMgALLaZnTiMnFeSnPbNiSrRbCs(H)CoCuCrHgAgPtAuTa的金属活动性顺序,(最好答出每个的电极电势
LiKCaBaNaMgALLaZnTiMnFeSnPbNiSrRbCs(H)CoCuCrHgAgPtAuTa的金属活动性顺序,(最好答出每个的电极电势
LiKCaBaNaMgALLaZnTiMnFeSnPbNiSrRbCs(H)CoCuCrHgAgPtAuTa的金属活动性顺序,(最好答出每个的电极电势
-- 标准电极电势表 --
酸性溶液中(298K)>>>
碱性溶液中(298K)>>>
1 在酸性溶液中 (298K)
电对 方程式 Eq/V
Li(I)-(0) Li++e-=Li -3.0401
Cs(I)-(0) Cs++e-=Cs -3.026
Rb(I)-(0) Rb++e-=Rb -2.98
K(I)-(0) K++e-=K -2.931
Ba(II)-(0) Ba2++2e-=Ba -2.912
Sr(II)-(0) Sr2++2e-=Sr -2.89
Ca(II)-(0) Ca2++2e-=Ca -2.868
Na(I)-(0) Na++e-=Na -2.71
La(III)-(0) La3++3e-=La -2.379
Mg(II)-(0) Mg2++2e-=Mg -2.372
Ce(III)-(0) Ce3++3e-=Ce -2.336
H(0)-(-I) H2(g)+2e-=2H- -2.23
Al(III)-(0) AlF63-+3e-=Al+6F- -2.069
Th(IV)-(0) Th4++4e-=Th -1.899
Be(II)-(0) Be2++2e-=Be -1.847
U(III)-(0) U3++3e-=U -1.798
Hf(IV)-(0) HfO2++2H++4e-=Hf+H2O -1.724
Al(III)-(0) Al3++3e-=Al -1.662
Ti(II)-(0) Ti2++2e-=Ti -1.630
Zr(IV)-(0) ZrO2+4H++4e-=Zr+2H2O -1.553
Si(IV)-(0) [SiF6]2-+4e-=Si+6F- -1.24
Mn(II)-(0) Mn2++2e-=Mn -1.185
Cr(II)-(0) Cr2++2e-=Cr -0.913
Ti(III)-(II) Ti3++e-=Ti2+ -0.9
B(III)-(0) H3BO3+3H++3e-=B+3H2O -0.8698
*Ti(IV)-(0) TiO2+4H++4e-=Ti+2H2O -0.86
Te(0)-(-II) Te+2H++2e-=H2Te -0.793
Zn(II)-(0) Zn2++2e-=Zn -0.7618
Ta(V)-(0) Ta2O5+10H++10e-=2Ta+5H2O -0.750
Cr(III)-(0) Cr3++3e-=Cr -0.744
Nb(V)-(0) Nb2O5+l0H++10e-=2Nb+5H2O -0.644
As(0)-(-III) As+3H++3e-=AsH3 -0.608
U(IV)-(III) U4++e-=U3+ -0.607
Ga(III)-(0) Ga3++3e-=Ga -0.549
P(I)-(0) H3PO2+H++e-=P+2H2O -0.508
P(III)-(I) H3PO3+2H++2e-=H3PO2+H2O -0.499
*C(IV)-(III) 2CO2+2H++2e-=H2C2O4 -0.49
Fe(II)-(0) Fe2++2e-=Fe -0.447
Cr(III)-(II) Cr3++e-=Cr2+ -0.407
Cd(II)-(0) Cd2++2e-=Cd -0.4030
Se(0)-(-II) Se+2H++2e-=H2Se(aq) -0.399
Pb(II)-(0) PbI2+2e-=Pb+2I- -0.365
Eu(III)-(II) Eu3++e-=Eu2+ -0.36
Pb(II)-(0) PbSO4+2e-=Pb+SO42- -0.3588
In(III)-(0) In3++3e-=In -0.3382
Tl(I)-(0) Tl++e-=Tl -0.336
Co(II)-(0) Co2++2e-=Co -0.28
P(V)-(III) H3PO4+2H++2e-=H3PO3+H2O -0.276
Pb(II)-(0) PbCl2+2e-=Pb+2Cl- -0.2675
Ni (II)-(0) Ni2++2e-=Ni -0.257
V(III)-(II) V3++e-=V2+ -0.255
Ge(IV)-(0) H2GeO3+4H++4e-=Ge+3H2O -0.182
Ag(I)-(0) AgI+e-=Ag+I- -0.15224
Sn(II)-(0) Sn2++2e-=Sn -0.1375
Pb(II)-(0) Pb2++2e-=Pb -0.1262
*C(IV)-(II) CO2(g)+2H++2e-=CO+H2O -0.12
P(0)-(-III) P(white)+3H++3e-=PH3(g) -0.063
Hg(I)-(0) Hg2I2+2e-=2Hg+2I- -0.0405
Fe(III)-(0) Fe3++3e-=Fe -0.037
H(I)-(0) 2H++2e-=H2 0.0000
Ag(I)-(0) AgBr+e-=Ag+Br- 0.07133
S(II.V)-(II) S4O62-+2e-=2S2O32- 0.08
*Ti(IV)-(III) TiO2++2H++e-=Ti3++H2O 0.1
S(0)-(-II) S+2H++2e-=H2S(aq) 0.142
Sn(IV)-(II) Sn4++2e-=Sn2+ 0.151
Sb(III)-(0) Sb2O3+6H++6e-=2Sb+3H2O 0.152
Cu(II)-(I) Cu2++e-=Cu+ 0.153
Bi(III)-(0) BiOCl+2H++3e-=Bi+Cl-+H2O 0.1583
S(VI)-(IV) SO42-+4H++2e-=H2SO3+H2O 0.172
Sb(III)-(0) SbO++2H++3e-=Sb+H2O 0.212
Ag(I)-(0) AgCl+e-=Ag+Cl- 0.22233
As(III)-(0) HAsO2+3H++3e-=As+2H2O 0.248
Hg(I)-(0) Hg2Cl2+2e-=2Hg+2Cl-(饱和KCl) 0.26808
Bi(III)-(0) BiO++2H++3e-=Bi+H2O 0.320
U(VI)-(IV) UO22++4H++2e-=U4++2H2O 0.327
C(IV)-(III) 2HCNO+2H++2e-=(CN)2+2H2O 0.330
V(IV)-(III) VO2++2H++e-=V3++H2O 0.337
Cu(II)-(0) Cu2++2e-=Cu 0.3419
Re(VII)-(0) ReO4-+8H++7e-=Re+4H2O 0.368
Ag(I)-(0) Ag2CrO4+2e-=2Ag+CrO42- 0.4470
S(IV)-(0) H2SO3+4H++4e-=S+3H2O 0.449
Cu(I)-(0) Cu++e-=Cu 0.521
I(0)-(-I) I2+2e-=2I- 0.5355
I(0)-(-I) I3-+2e-=3I- 0.536
As(V)-(III) H3AsO4+2H++2e-=HAsO2+2H2O 0.560
Sb(V)-(III) Sb2O5+6H++4e-=2SbO++3H2O 0.581
Te(IV)-(0) TeO2+4H++4e-=Te+2H2O 0.593
U(V)-(IV) UO2++4H++e-=U4++2H2O 0.612
**Hg(II)-(I) 2HgCl2+2e-=Hg2Cl2+2Cl- 0.63
Pt(IV)-(II) [PtCl6]2-+2e-=[PtCl4]2-+2Cl- 0.68
O(0)-(-I) O2+2H++2e-=H2O2 0.695
Pt(II)-(0) [PtCl4]2-+2e-=Pt+4Cl- 0.755
*Se(IV)-(0) H2SeO3+4H++4e-=Se+3H2O 0.74
Fe(III)-(II) Fe3++e-=Fe2+ 0.771
Hg(I)-(0) Hg22++2e-=2Hg 0.7973
Ag(I)-(0) Ag++e-=Ag 0.7996
Os(VIII)-(0) OsO4+8H++8e-=Os+4H2O 0.8
N(V)-(IV) 2NO3-+4H++2e-=N2O4+2H2O 0.803
Hg(II)-(0) Hg2++2e-=Hg 0.851
Si(IV)-(0) (quartz)SiO2+4H++4e-=Si+2H2O 0.857
Cu(II)-(I) Cu2++I-+e-=CuI 0.86
N(III)-(I) 2HNO2+4H++4e-=H2N2O2+2H2O 0.86
Hg(II)-(I) 2Hg2++2e-=Hg22+ 0.920
N(V)-(III) NO3-+3H++2e-=HNO2+H2O 0.934
Pd(II)-(0) Pd2++2e-=Pd 0.951
N(V)-(II) NO3-+4H++3e-=NO+2H2O 0.957
N(III)-(II) HNO2+H++e-=NO+H2O 0.983
I(I)-(-I) HIO+H++2e-=I-+H2O 0.987
V(V)-(IV) VO2++2H++e-=VO2++H2O 0.991
V(V)-(IV) V(OH)4++2H++e-=VO2++3H2O 1.00
Au(III)-(0) [AuCl4]-+3e-=Au+4Cl- 1.002
Te(VI)-(IV) H6TeO6+2H++2e-=TeO2+4H2O 1.02
N(IV)-(II) N2O4+4H++4e-=2NO+2H2O 1.035
N(IV)-(III) N2O4+2H++2e-=2HNO2 1.065
I(V)-(-I) IO3-+6H++6e-=I-+3H2O 1.085
Br(0)-(-I) Br2(aq)+2e-=2Br- 1.0873
Se(VI)-(IV) SeO42-+4H++2e-=H2SeO3+H2O 1.151
Cl(V)-(IV) ClO3-+2H++e-=ClO2+H2O 1.152
Pt(II)-(0) Pt2++2e-=Pt 1.18
Cl(VII)-(V) ClO4-+2H++2e-=ClO3-+H2O 1.189
I(V)-(0) 2IO3-+12H++10e-=I2+6H2O 1.195
Cl(V)-(III) ClO3-+3H++2e-=HClO2+H2O 1.214
Mn(IV)-(II) MnO2+4H++2e-=Mn2++2H2O 1.224
O(0)-(-II) O2+4H++4e-=2H2O 1.229
Tl(III)-(I) T13++2e-=Tl+ 1.252
Cl(IV)-(III) ClO2+H++e-=HClO2 1.277
N(III)-(I) 2HNO2+4H++4e-=N2O+3H2O 1.297
**Cr(VI)-(III) Cr2O72-+14H++6e-=2Cr3++7H2O 1.33
Br(I)-(-I) HBrO+H++2e-=Br-+H2O 1.331
Cr(VI)-(III) HCrO4-+7H++3e-=Cr3++4H2O 1.350
Cl(0)-(-I) Cl2(g)+2e-=2Cl- 1.35827
Cl(VII)-(-I) ClO4-+8H++8e-=Cl-+4H2O 1.389
Cl(VII)-(0) ClO4-+8H++7e-=1/2Cl2+4H2O 1.39
Au(III)-(I) Au3++2e-=Au+ 1.401
Br(V)-(-I) BrO3-+6H++6e-=Br-+3H2O 1.423
I(I)-(0) 2HIO+2H++2e-=I2+2H2O 1.439
Cl(V)-(-I) ClO3-+6H++6e-=Cl-+3H2O 1.451
Pb(IV)-(II) PbO2+4H++2e-=Pb2++2H2O 1.455
Cl(V)-(0) ClO3-+6H++5e-=1/2Cl2+3H2O 1.47
Cl(I)-(-I) HClO+H++2e-=Cl-+H2O 1.482
Br(V)-(0) BrO3-+6H++5e-=l/2Br2+3H2O 1.482
Au(III)-(0) Au3++3e-=Au 1.498
Mn(VII)-(II) MnO4-+8H++5e-=Mn2++4H2O 1.507
Mn(III)-(II) Mn3++e-=Mn2+ 1.5415
Cl(III)-(-I) HClO2+3H++4e-=Cl-+2H2O 1.570
Br(I)-(0) HBrO+H++e-=l/2Br2(aq)+H2O 1.574
N(II)-(I) 2NO+2H++2e-=N2O+H2O 1.591
I(VII)-(V) H5IO6+H++2e-=IO3-+3H2O 1.601
Cl(I)-(0) HClO+H++e-=1/2Cl2+H2O 1.611
Cl(III)-(I) HClO2+2H++2e-=HClO+H2O 1.645
Ni(IV)-(II) NiO2+4H++2e-=Ni2++2H2O 1.678
Mn(VII)-(IV) MnO4-+4H++3e-=MnO2+2H2O 1.679
Pb(IV)-(II) PbO2+SO42-+4H++2e-=PbSO4+2H2O 1.6913
Au(I)-(0) Au++e-=Au 1.692
Ce(IV)-(III) Ce4++e-=Ce3+ 1.72
N(I)-(0) N2O+2H++2e-=N2+H2O 1.766
O(-I)-(-II) H2O2+2H++2e-=2H2O 1.776
Co(III)-(II) Co3++e-=Co2+(2mol·L-1 H2SO4) 1.83
Ag(II)-(I) Ag2++e-=Ag+ 1.980
S(VII)-(VI) S2O82-+2e-=2SO42- 2.010
O(0)-(-II) O3+2H++2e-=O2+H2O 2.076
O(II)-(-II) F2O+2H++4e-=H2O+2F- 2.153
Fe(VI)-(III) FeO42-+8H++3e-=Fe3++4H2O 2.20
O(0)-(-II) O(g)+2H++2e-=H2O 2.421
F(0)-(-I) F2+2e-=2F- 2.866
F2+2H++2e-=2HF 3.053
2 在碱性溶液中 (298K)
电对 方程式 Eq/V
Ca(II)-(0) Ca(OH)2+2e-=Ca+2OH- -3.02
Ba(II)-(0) Ba(OH)2+2e-=Ba+2OH- -2.99
La(III)-(0) La(OH)3+3e-=La+3OH- -2.90
Sr(II)-(0) Sr(OH)2·8H2O+2e-=Sr+2OH-+8H2O -2.88
Mg(II)-(0) Mg(OH)2+2e-=Mg+2OH- -2.690
Be(II)-(0) Be2O32-+3H2O+4e-=2Be+6OH- -2.63
Hf(IV)-(0) HfO(OH)2+H2O+4e-=Hf+4OH- -2.50
Zr(IV)-(0) H2ZrO3+H2O+4e-=Zr+4OH- -2.36
Al(III)-(0) H2AlO3-+H2O+3e-=Al+OH- -2.33
P(I)-(0) H2PO2-+e-=P+2OH- -1.82
B(III)-(0) H2BO3-+H2O+3e-=B+4OH- -1.79
P(III)-(0) HPO32-+2H2O+3e-=P+5OH- -1.71
Si(IV)-(0) SiO32-+3H2O+4e-=Si+6OH- -1.697
P(III)-(I) HPO32-+2H2O+2e-=H2PO2-+3OH- -1.65
Mn(II)-(0) Mn(OH)2+2e-=Mn+2OH- -1.56
Cr(III)-(0) Cr(OH)3+3e-=Cr+3OH- -1.48
*Zn(II)-(0) [Zn(CN)4]2-+2e-=Zn+4CN- -1.26
Zn(II)-(0) Zn(OH)2+2e-=Zn+2OH- -1.249
Ga(III)-(0) H2GaO3-+H2O+2e-=Ga+4OH- -1.219
Zn(II)-(0) ZnO22-+2H2O+2e-=Zn+4OH- -1.215
Cr(III)-(0) CrO2-+2H2O+3e-=Cr+4OH- -1.2
Te(0)-(-I) Te+2e-=Te2- -1.143
P(V)-(III) PO43-+2H2O+2e-=HPO32-+3OH- -1.05
*Zn(II)-(0) [Zn(NH3)4]2++2e-=Zn+4NH3 -1.04
*W(VI)-(0) WO42-+4H2O+6e-=W+8OH- -1.01
*Ge(IV)-(0) HGeO3-+2H2O+4e-=Ge+5OH- -1.0
Sn(IV)-(II) [Sn(OH)6]2-+2e-=HSnO2-+H2O+3OH- -0.93
S(VI)-(IV) SO42-+H2O+2e-=SO32-+2OH- -0.93
Se(0)-(-II) Se+2e-=Se2- -0.924
Sn(II)-(0) HSnO2-+H2O+2e-=Sn+3OH- -0.909
P(0)-(-III) P+3H2O+3e-=PH3(g)+3OH- -0.87
N(V)-(IV) 2NO3-+2H2O+2e-=N2O4+4OH- -0.85
H(I)-(0) 2H2O+2e-=H2+2OH- -0.8277
Cd(II)-(0) Cd(OH)2+2e-=Cd(Hg)+2OH- -0.809
Co(II)-(0) Co(OH)2+2e-=Co+2OH- -0.73
Ni(II)-(0) Ni(OH)2+2e-=Ni+2OH- -0.72
As(V)-(III) AsO43-+2H2O+2e-=AsO2-+4OH- -0.71
Ag(I)-(0) Ag2S+2e-=2Ag+S2- -0.691
As(III)-(0) AsO2-+2H2O+3e-=As+4OH- -0.68
Sb(III)-(0) SbO2-+2H2O+3e-=Sb+4OH- -0.66
*Re(VII)-(IV) ReO4-+2H2O+3e-=ReO2+4OH- -0.59
*Sb(V)-(III) SbO3-+H2O+2e-=SbO2-+2OH- -0.59
Re(VII)-(0) ReO4-+4H2O+7e-=Re+8OH- -0.584
*S(IV)-(II) 2SO32-+3H2O+4e-=S2O32-+6OH- -0.58
Te(IV)-(0) TeO32-+3H2O+4e-=Te+6OH- -0.57
Fe(III)-(II) Fe(OH)3+e-=Fe(OH)2+OH- -0.56
S(0)-(-II) S+2e-=S2- -0.47627
Bi(III)-(0) Bi2O3+3H2O+6e-=2Bi+6OH- -0.46
N(III)-(II) NO2-+H2O+e-=NO+2OH- -0.46
*Co(II)-C(0) [Co(NH3)6]2++2e-=Co+6NH3 -0.422
Se(IV)-(0) SeO32-+3H2O+4e-=Se+6OH- -0.366
Cu(I)-(0) Cu2O+H2O+2e-=2Cu+2OH- -0.360
Tl(I)-(0) Tl(OH)+e-=Tl+OH- -0.34
*Ag(I)-(0) [Ag(CN)2]-+e-=Ag+2CN- -0.31
Cu(II)-(0) Cu(OH)2+2e-=Cu+2OH- -0.222
Cr(VI)-(III) CrO42-+4H2O+3e-=Cr(OH)3+5OH- -0.13
*Cu(I)-(0) [Cu(NH3)2]++e-=Cu+2NH3 -0.12
O(0)-(-I) O2+H2O+2e-=HO2-+OH- -0.076
Ag(I)-(0) AgCN+e-=Ag+CN- -0.017
N(V)-(III) NO3-+H2O+2e-=NO2-+2OH- 0.01
Se(VI)-(IV) SeO42-+H2O+2e-=SeO32-+2OH- 0.05
Pd(II)-(0) Pd(OH)2+2e-=Pd+2OH- 0.07
S(II,V)-(II) S4O62-+2e-=2S2O32- 0.08
Hg(II)-(0) HgO+H2O+2e-=Hg+2OH- 0.0977
Co(III)-(II) [Co(NH3)6]3++e-=[Co(NH3)6]2+ 0.108
Pt(II)-(0) Pt(OH)2+2e-=Pt+2OH- 0.14
Co(III)-(II) Co(OH)3+e-=Co(OH)2+OH- 0.17
Pb(IV)-(II) PbO2+H2O+2e-=PbO+2OH- 0.247
I(V)-(-I) IO3-+3H2O+6e-=I-+6OH- 0.26
Cl(V)-(III) ClO3-+H2O+2e-=ClO2-+2OH- 0.33
Ag(I)-(0) Ag2O+H2O+2e-=2Ag+2OH- 0.342
Fe(III)-(II) [Fe(CN)6]3-+e-=[Fe(CN)6]4- 0.358
Cl(VII)-(V) ClO4-+H2O+2e-=ClO3-+2OH- 0.36
*Ag(I)-(0) [Ag(NH3)2]++e-=Ag+2NH3 0.373
O(0)-(-II) O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH- 0.401
I(I)-(-I) IO-+H2O+2e-=I-+2OH- 0.485
*Ni(IV)-(II) NiO2+2H2O+2e-=Ni(OH)2+2OH- 0.490
Mn(VII)-(VI) MnO4-+e-=MnO42- 0.558
Mn(VII)-(IV) MnO4-+2H2O+3e-=MnO2+4OH- 0.595
Mn(VI)-(IV) MnO42-+2H2O+2e-=MnO2+4OH- 0.60
Ag(II)-(I) 2AgO+H2O+2e-=Ag2O+2OH- 0.607
Br(V)-(-I) BrO3-+3H2O+6e-=Br-+6OH- 0.61
Cl(V)-(-I) ClO3-+3H2O+6e-=Cl-+6OH- 0.62
Cl(III)-(I) ClO2-+H2O+2e-=ClO-+2OH- 0.66
I(VII)-(V) H3IO62-+2e-=IO3-+3OH- 0.7
Cl(III)-(-I) ClO2-+2H2O+4e-=Cl-+4OH- 0.76
Br(I)-(-I) BrO-+H2O+2e-=Br-+2OH- 0.761
Cl(I)-(-I) ClO-+H2O+2e-=Cl-+2OH- 0.841
*Cl(IV)-(III) ClO2(g)+e-=ClO2- 0.95
O(0)-(-II) O3+H2O+2e-=O2+2OH- 1.24
摘自David R.Lide, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 8-25-8-30, 78th. edition, 1997-1998
* 摘自J.A. Dean Ed,Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry, 13th. edition, 1985
** 摘自其他参考书.