谁能告诉我英语的直接引语和间接引语的定义和如何转换?用大白话说.别太难懂.傻瓜级别.越详细越好

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谁能告诉我英语的直接引语和间接引语的定义和如何转换?用大白话说.别太难懂.傻瓜级别.越详细越好谁能告诉我英语的直接引语和间接引语的定义和如何转换?用大白话说.别太难懂.傻瓜级别.越详细越好谁能告诉我英

谁能告诉我英语的直接引语和间接引语的定义和如何转换?用大白话说.别太难懂.傻瓜级别.越详细越好
谁能告诉我英语的直接引语和间接引语的定义和如何转换?
用大白话说.别太难懂.傻瓜级别.越详细越好

谁能告诉我英语的直接引语和间接引语的定义和如何转换?用大白话说.别太难懂.傻瓜级别.越详细越好
直接引语与间接引语之间的转换
一、人称变化
口诀:一从主、二从宾、三不变.
例:He said to Tom,“I can help you.” ☞ He said to Tom that he could help him.
He said to her,“You can help them.” ☞ He told her that she could help them.
He said to Tom,“They can help you.” ☞ He told Tom that they could help him.
二、时态变化
如果主句为过去的某种时态,则间接引语的时态相应向前推一个时态.
①一般现在时☞一般过去时
Tina said,“I usually get up at six.”☞ Tina said she usually got up at six.
②一般过去时☞过去完成时
Martin told me,“I rang Alice yesterday.”☞ Martin told me that he had rung Alice the day before.
③现在进行时☞过去进行时
Rose told me,“Lisa is studying English.” ☞ Rose told me that Lisa was studying English.
④一般将来时☞过去将来时
Sally said to me,“I will see you tomorrow.” ☞ Sally said to me that she would see me the next day.
⑤现在完成时☞过去完成时
Jack said,“I have finished my homework.” ☞ Jack said that he had finished his homework.
⑥过去完成时☞过去完成时
Peter told me,“I had worked here for years before I moved out.”
☞ Peter told me that he had worked here for years before he moved out.
注意:以下四种情况不需要变换时态
①直接引语有确定的过去时间:
Tom said,“The story took place in the 1930s.” ☞ Tom said that the story took place in the 1930s.
②所转述的动作或状态在说话时仍在继续,并对此点加以强调时:
The reporter said,“The rain is now still on.” ☞ The reporter said the rain is now still on.
③所转述的是自然现象、科学真理、名言警句等,并对此加以强调:
Our English teacher said,“A good beginning is half done.”
☞ Our English teacher said that a good beginning is half done
④直接引语是习惯性动作:
Billy said,“I usually get up at 5:30 and go to school at 7:00.”
☞ Billy said that he usually gets up at 5:30 and goes to school at 7:00.
三、情态动词变化
①can ☞ could
Jack asked his teacher,“Can I turn in the homework tomorrow?”
☞ Jack asked his teacher if he could turn in the homework the next day.
②must ☞ had to,must
Lucy told Lily,“You must get out of here.” ☞ Lucy told Lily that she must get out of here.
③will ☞ would
Tom said,“I will be there tomorrow.” ☞ Tom said that he would be there the next day.
④may ☞ might
Amy said,“I may go to school.” ☞ Amy said that she might go to school.
⑤shall ☞ should
Scott said,“Shall I go with the family?” ☞ Scott said that if he should go with his family.
四、时间状语变化
now ☞ then today ☞ that day this evening ☞ that evening yesterday ☞ the day before
yesterday morning ☞ the morning before last night ☞ the night before two days ago ☞ two days before
next week ☞ the next week/the following week tomorrow ☞ the next day/the following day
the day before yesterday ☞ two days before the day after tomorrow ☞ in two days time/two days after