英语翻译Besides the 24 one-letter signs which we discussed in the previous lesson,the old Egyptians also made use of signs with the value of two consonants.These two-letter signs use a single hieroglyph that represents a combination of two conson

英语翻译Besides the 24 one-letter signs which we discussed in the previous lesson,the old Egyptians also made use of signs with the value of two consonants.These two-letter signs use a single hieroglyph that represents a combination of two conson
英语翻译
Besides the 24 one-letter signs which we discussed in the previous lesson,the old Egyptians also made use of signs with the value of two consonants.These two-letter signs use a single hieroglyph that represents a combination of two consonants.
There exist about a hundred two-letter signs.Fortunately,not all of them occur frequently in texts,and it suffices to be familiar with about 30 of these signs.The table below summarizes the most frequently occurring two-letter signs.It might be a good idea to memorize them.
Many of the two-letter signs have meaning on their own,and represent individual words.Often,they are completed with a stroke,the socalled ideogram sign,to indicate that the designated word corresponds with the pictorial value of the sign.Some examples are given below:
Determinative Signs
Many old Egyptian words are written with the same signs,even if they have a completely different meaning.To permit an understanding of the meaning of words,so-called determinative signs where written at the end of the word,to help determine the word's meaning.The hieroglyph e.g.could be followed by the determinative of a man ( ) to designate the word writer.The same sign,completed with the determinative of the papyrus roll ( ),indicates the word script or the verb to write.
Most determinatives serve to indicate the general category of the word they describe.Below we give a small selection of some of the most common determinative signs:
Determinative signs come in handy when attempting to translate an old Egyptian text.The ancient Egyptians had the nasty habit of writing their sentences without spaces between words,and without an indication of the start of new sentences.Because the determinative signs are placed at the end of words,they provide us with a means to decypher the structure of sentences.
Let's take the following sentence as an example:
This sentence consists of the following parts:
1.This is a verb,with the meaning to leave.Notice the determinative sign with the running legs at the end of the word.
2.This is the word for majesty,followed by letter f,indicating the possessive pronoun his.
3.This is an adverb,with the meaning on.
4.The word for chariot,followed by the possessive pronoun f.
5.This word indicates a genitive,and can be translated as of.
6.The word for electron,a mixture of gold and silver.
7.The word for heart,followed again by the possessive pronoun f.
8.A word that literally means wide,width.The expression wide of heart can be translated more clearly as his heart full of joy.
The complete sentence can be translated in English as:"His majesty left on his chariot of electron,his heart full of joy".
Notice that the list above contains a number of words that use a combination of two- and one-letter signs.We speak of phonetic complements,a matter that will be discussed in more detail in the next lesson.

英语翻译Besides the 24 one-letter signs which we discussed in the previous lesson,the old Egyptians also made use of signs with the value of two consonants.These two-letter signs use a single hieroglyph that represents a combination of two conson
此外,24日一信的迹象,我们讨论了以往的教训,旧的埃及人还利用迹象价值的两个辅音.这两个字母的标志使用单一的象形文字,代表相结合的两个辅音.
存在着大约一百个两个字母的标志.幸运的是,并不是所有这些频繁发生的案文,它足以熟悉约30这些迹象.下表概括了最经常出现的两个字母的标志.这可能是一个好主意记住他们.
许多两个字母的标志意义自己,代表个人的话.通常,他们完成了一杆,在所谓的表意文字的迹象,表明指定的字,符合图案价值的标志.一些例子如下：
鉴定标志
许多老埃及话写在同一迹象,即使他们有一个完全不同的含义.要允许理解的含义的话,所谓的决定性的迹象在书面结束时的一句话,以帮助确定词的含义.例如在象形文字可遵循的决定性的一男（ ）来指定这个词作家.相同的标志,完成了决定性的莎草纸辊（ ） ,表明这个词脚本或动词给我们写信.
大多数determinatives服务说明普通类的词形容他们.下面我们给出一个小选择一些最常见的决定性的迹象：
鉴定迹象派上用场时,试图把旧埃及文字.古埃及人有坏习惯的书面他们的刑期之间有空格的话,也没有说明新的开始服刑.由于决定性的迹象是放在最后的话,他们为我们提供了一种手段,正是DeCypher结构的句子.
让我们采取下列句子作为一个例子：
这句话包括以下部分：
1 .这是一个动词,与含义离开.公告决定性签署腿的运行结束时的诺言.
2 .这是陛下词,其次是信男,表明他的物主代词.
3 .这是一个副词,与意义.
4 .这个词的战车上,其次是物主代词荷兰盾
5 .这个词表示所有格,可翻译成的.
6 .这个字的电子,混合的黄金和白银.
7 .这个词对心脏,然后再由物主代词荷兰盾
8 .这个词的字面意思宽,宽度.广泛的表达心脏可以转化为更清楚他的心充满了喜悦.
在完整的句子可以翻译英文为：“陛下留在他的战车上的电子,他心里充满了喜悦.”
请注意,上述清单包含了一些话,使用相结合的两个和一个字母的迹象.我们所讲的语音的补充,这一问题将作更详细的讨论在未来的教训.