写一篇以eye contact的英语作文,300字

写一篇以eye contact的英语作文,300字
写一篇以eye contact的英语作文,300字

写一篇以eye contact的英语作文,300字
Eye contact is a meeting of the eyes between two individuals.[1]
In human beings,eye contact is a form of nonverbal communication and is thought to have a large influence on social behavior.Coined in the early to mid-1960s,the term has come in the West to often define the act as a meaningful and important sign of confidence and social communication.[2] The customs and significance of eye contact vary widely between cultures,with religious and social differences often altering its meaning greatly.
The study of eye contact is sometimes known as oculesics.[3]
Eye contact and facial expressions provide important social
and emotional information.People,perhaps without consciously doing
so,probe each other's eyes and faces for positive or negative mood signs.In some contexts,the meeting of eyes arouses strong emotions.
Eye contact is also an important element in flirting,where it may serve to establish and gauge the other's interest in some situations.
Mutual eye contact that signals attraction initially begins as a
brief glance and progresses into a repeated volleying of eye contact,
according to Beverly Palmer,Ph.D.and professor of psychology at California State University,Dominguez Hills.[4]
In the process of civil inattention,strangers in close proximity,such as a crowd,avoid eye contact in order to help maintain their privacy.
When two or more individuals talk,the person that talks is used to
being looked at.Therefore,making eye contact is making other people
expect conversation.
Parent–child eye contact
A 1985 study published in the Journal of Experimental Child Psychology suggested that "3-month-old infants are comparatively insensitive to being the object of another's visual regard".[5]
A 1996 Canadian study with 3 to 6 month old infants found that smiling
in the infants decreased when adult eye contact was removed.[6]
A recent British study in the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience found
that face recognition by infants was facilitated by direct gaze.[7] Other recent research has confirmed the belief that the direct gaze of adults influences the direct gaze of infants.[8][9]
Communicating attention
A person's direction of gaze may indicate to others where his or her attention lies.
Facilitating learning
2000s studies suggest that eye contact has a positive impact on the
retention and recall of information and may promote more efficient
learning.[10][11][12]
Cultural differences
Two men staring each other in the eye during a political argument.
In the Islamic faith,Muslims often lower their gaze and try not to focus on the opposite sex's features except for the hands and face.[13] Lustful glances to those of the opposite sex,young or adult,are also prohibited.
Japanese children are taught in school to direct their gaze at the
region of their teacher's Adam's apple or tie knot.As adults,Japanese
lower their eyes when speaking to a superior as a gesture of respect.[14]
In many cultures,such as East Asia and Nigeria,[15] it is respectful not to look the dominant person in the eye,but in Western culture
this can be interpreted as being "shifty-eyed",and the person judged
badly because "he wouldn't look me in the eye"; references such as
"shifty-eyed" can refer to suspicions regarding an individual's
unrevealed intentions or thoughts.[16]
Nevertheless,the seeking of constant unbroken eye contact by the other
participant in a conversation can often be considered overbearing or
distracting by many even in western cultures,possibly on an instinctive or subconscious level.
Eye aversion and mental processing
A study by Phelps,Doherty-Sneddon,and Warnock[17]
concluded that children who avoid eye contact while considering their
responses to questions are more likely to answer correctly than children
who maintain eye contact.According to Doherty-Sneddon:[18]
"Looking at faces is quite mentally demanding.We
get useful information from the face when listening to someone,but
human faces are very stimulating and all this takes processing.So when
we are trying to concentrate and process something else that's mentally
demanding,it's unhelpful to look at faces."
Contrariwise,Doherty-Sneddon suggests that a blank stare indicates a lack of understanding.[18]
Difficulty with eye contact
Some people find eye contact more difficult than others.For example,those with autistic disorders or social anxiety may find eye contact to be particularly unsettling.[19]
Between species
Patterns of eye contact between non-human mammals and between humans and other mammals are also well documented.

Eye Contact We humans not only use langues but also use gestures and expressions to communicate with each other.Eye contact is the most important