by除了是介词,还是什么词,怎么用?
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by除了是介词,还是什么词,怎么用?
by除了是介词,还是什么词,怎么用?
by除了是介词,还是什么词,怎么用?
归纳如下:1.在被动语态里表示动作的执行者或施动者,意思为\"由.;被.\".例如:This prizewinning essay was written by an unknown author.这篇获奖文章是由一位名不见经传的作家写的.The village is surrounded by a lot of tall trees.这个村庄被许多大树所环绕.2.表示期限,意思为\"到.为止;不迟于.;在.之前\".例如:The plane will surely arrive by ten o\'clock.飞机十点钟一定会到达.We hope we can complete our task by twelve.我们希望到十二点钟能够完成任务.By the end of last month,he had collected over 500 stamps.3.表示空间位置,意思为\"在.旁边;靠近.\",相当于near,beside,next to.例如:There is a desk by the window.窗子旁有一张办公桌.The woman is washing the clothes by the well.那位妇女在井旁边洗衣服.4.表示通讯方式,意为\"用.\",by 后面的名词不带冠词,也不用复数形式.例如:She told me the good news by phone.她打电话把这个好消息告诉我.That university informed me of my acceptance by letter.那所大学用书信通知我,我被录取了.5.表示交通方式,意思为\"乘.;坐.\",后接单数名词,不带冠词.例如:They have decided to go to Macau by plane.他们已决定乘飞机去澳门6.表示方式、手段,意思是\"借助;凭.\",后接名词或动名词.例如:He passed the college entrance examination by hard work.他凭着勤奋通过了高考.The woman makes a living by selling newspapers.那个妇女靠卖报谋生.7.表示程度和比率,通常指时间、空间和数量等的相差.例如:He is older than his wife by three years.他比他妻子大三岁.The car factory hopes to increase its output by 50% next year.这家汽车制造厂希望明年将汽车产量提高百分之五十.With modern technology,production cost has dropped by one half.由于采用了现代技术,劳动成本下降了一半.8.表示计酬或销售方式等,意思为\"按 .计算;以.为单位.例如:Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.大城市的清洁女工通常按小时付给报酬.Translation is paid by the word.译稿是以字数计酬的.They sell the cloth by the yard.他们按码售布.The eggs are sold by the dozen.这些鸡蛋按打出售.9.表示面积或体积的计算方式,意思为"用.去乘".例如:The room measures fifteen feet by twenty feet.这房间十五英尺宽二十英尺长.10.表示\"根据.;按照.\".例如:You shouldn\'t judge a person by (his) appearance.你不该以貌取人.We must play the game by rule.我们必须按照规则进行比赛.11.by hand表示\"用手的;手工制的;专人送的例如:These baskets are made by hand.这些篮子是手工做的This letter was delivered by hand.这封信是由专人送来的.12.表示"就.而言;关于.".例如:He is a good writer,although he is not a writer by profession.
by + 时间。 → 句子用于完成时(包括过去完成时,现在完成时,将来完成时,完成进行时等)。表达的意思都是“到。。。为止”。表示到一个时间点,然后一个行为产生了影响。例子: I will have finnished it by 14 o'cloc...
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by + 时间。 → 句子用于完成时(包括过去完成时,现在完成时,将来完成时,完成进行时等)。表达的意思都是“到。。。为止”。表示到一个时间点,然后一个行为产生了影响。例子: I will have finnished it by 14 o'clock tommorrow afternoon. 到明天下午14点就可以完成这个任务了。2. by + 名词,代词,表示“由/是。。。做的”,句子用于被动句。例子: I give you an apple → An apple is given to you by me. 我给你个苹果/苹果是我给你的。The chair was made by my father. 椅子是我爸爸做的。3.by +动名词 doing sth. 表示“通过。。。。”的意思。用于任何句子。They keep in touch with each other by using QQ.他们通过QQ来保持联系。 当的,不求加分了...
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by可作介词也可作副词,作介词时可译为:“靠近”(They live by the sea);“使用(某种交通工具)”(I go to school by bus) ;“不迟于”(I must finish this work by6:00