英语翻译先生曰：”吁!子来前!该段翻译

英语翻译先生曰：”吁!子来前!该段翻译
英语翻译
先生曰：”吁!子来前!
该段翻译

英语翻译先生曰：”吁!子来前!该段翻译
先生曰：「吁!子来前.夫大木为〔（上）亡（下）木〕,细木为桷.〔木薄〕栌侏儒,〔木畏〕〔（外）门（内）臬〕〔（上）户（下）占〕楔,各得其宜,施以成室者,匠氏之工也.玉札、丹砂,赤箭、青芝,牛溲,马勃,败鼓之皮,俱收并蓄,待用无遗者,医师之良也.登明选公,杂进巧拙,纡余为妍,卓荦为杰,校短量长,惟器是适者,宰相之方也.昔者孟轲好辩,孔道以明.辙环天下,卒老于行.荀卿守正,大论是弘.逃谗于楚,废死兰陵.是二儒者,吐辞为经,举足为法.绝类离伦,优入圣域,其遇于世何如也?
今先生学虽勤而不繇其统,言虽多而不要其中.文虽奇而不济于用,行虽修而不显于众.犹且月费俸钱,岁糜廪粟.子不知耕,妇不知织.乘马从徒,安坐而食.踵常途之促促,窥陈编以盗窃.然而圣主不加诛,宰臣不见斥,兹非其幸欤?动而得谤,名亦随之.投闲置散,乃分之宜.若夫商财贿之有亡,计班资之崇庳.忘己量之所称,指前人之瑕疵.是所谓诘匠氏之不以〔木弋〕为楹,而訾医师以昌阳引年,欲进其〔豕希〕苓也.」
Here is my answer for him： “Alas! Please step forward! A big wood can be used as a girder, a thin wood can be used as a square rafter, a small wood can be used as a pendentive, a stout wood can be used as a door-hinge pit, and a wedge can be used as a door bar. If a craftsman can make good uses of these different parts on a timber and build a house, he will be considered a proficient one. If a person can collect jade-colored strips, cinnabars, red bamboos, green sacred grass, the urine of an ox, the sperms of a horse, and the skin of a broken drum, and make good use of them all, he will be considered a good doctor. Wise people will be selected as high-ranking officials no matter they are skillful or clumsy. Graceful people will be considered beautiful, and the sturdy ones will be considered heroic. A prime minister's principle is to compare people’s gifts and weaknesses, and select those that are the most suitable. In the past, Meng Ke enjoyed arguing with people, and Confucius enjoyed giving people instructions. The track of his carriage was seen all over the country, and he was still traveling when he breathed his last. Xun Qing was a virtuous person, and his philosophy was broad and deep. But later he fled to the kingdom Chu to escape from slanders, and died in Lanling. These two stately persons were so elegant, authoritative and extraordinary that they were considered saints. But why is it that their destinies were so tragic? Though I am diligent and industrious, I do not understand the principles. Though I talk a lot I cannot tell the essences. Though my articles are innovative they are not useful. Though my behaviors are elegant I am not extraordinary. Every month I will use up my salary, and each year I will eat up the corns in my granary. My sons do not know how to cultivate, and my wife does not know how to weave. When they travel they will sit in carriages, and when they have dinner they will sit unbothered. A normal journey will appear to be too long and tiring for them. They will look for houses whose bolts are old and rotten so that they can steal things out. However, a wise ruler will not punish them, and a competent official will not rebuke them. How lucky they are! But once a person initiates to do anything, he will be slandered, and the notoriety will follow him； whereas if he is at leisure, people will find him peaceful. As for people who badger with the amount of their salaries and the ranking of their positions and forget about their own capabilities and incapability but condemn the injustice of their seniors, they are like the idiot who asks a carpenter to use a peg stake as the beam column and who asks a doctor to preserve the lives of his patients with cathartics instead of tonics!”
国子先生说：“唉,你到前面来啊!要知道那些大的木材做屋梁,小的木材做瓦椽,做斗栱,短椽的,做门臼、门橛、门闩、门柱的,都量材使用,各适其宜而建成房屋,这是工匠的技巧啊.贵重的地榆、朱砂,天麻、龙芝,牛尿、马屁菌,坏鼓的皮,全都收集,储藏齐备,等到需用的时候就没有遗缺的,这是医师的高明啊.提拔人材,公正贤明,选用人材,态度公正.灵巧的人和朴质的人都得引进,有的人谦和而成为美好,有的人豪放而成为杰出,比较各人的短处,衡量各人长处,按照他们的才能品格分配适当的职务,这是宰相的方法啊!从前孟轲爱好辩论,孔子之道得以阐明,他游历的车迹周遍天下,最后在奔走中老去.荀况恪守正道,发扬光大宏伟的理论,因为逃避谗言到了楚国,还是丢官而死在兰陵.这两位大儒,说出话来成为经典,一举一动成为法则,远远超越常人,优异到进入圣人的境界,可是他们在世上的遭遇是怎样呢?现在你们的先生学习虽然勤劳却不能顺手道统,言论虽然不少却不切合要旨,文章虽然写得出奇却无益于实用,行为虽然有修养却并没有突出于一般人的表现,尚且每月浪费国家的俸钱,每年消耗仓库里的粮食；儿子不懂得耕地,妻子不懂得织布；出门乘着车马,后面跟着仆人,安安稳稳地坐着吃饭.局局促促地按常规行事,眼光狭窄地在旧书里盗窃陈言,东抄西袭.然而圣明的君主不加处罚,也没有被宰相大臣所斥逐,岂不是幸运么?有所举动就遭到毁谤,名誉也跟着受到影响.被放置在闲散的位置上,实在是恰如其份的.至于商量财物的有无,计较品级的高低,忘记了自己有多大才能、多少份量和什么相称,指摘官长上司的缺点,这就等于所说的责问工匠的为什么不用小木桩做柱子,批评医师的用菖蒲延年益寿,却想引进他的猪苓啊.

国子先生晨入太学，招诸生立馆下，诲之日：“业精于勤，荒于嬉；行成于思，毁于随。方今圣贤相逢，治具毕张，拔去凶邪，登崇俊良。占小善者率以录，名一艺者无不庸。爬罗剔抉，刮垢磨光。盖有幸而获选，孰云多而不扬。诸生业患不能精，无患有司之不明；行患不能成，无患有司之不公。”
言未既，有笑于列者日：“先生欺余哉！弟子事先生，于兹有年矣。先生口不绝吟于六艺之文，手不停披于百家之编；纪事者必提其要，纂言...

全部展开

国子先生晨入太学，招诸生立馆下，诲之日：“业精于勤，荒于嬉；行成于思，毁于随。方今圣贤相逢，治具毕张，拔去凶邪，登崇俊良。占小善者率以录，名一艺者无不庸。爬罗剔抉，刮垢磨光。盖有幸而获选，孰云多而不扬。诸生业患不能精，无患有司之不明；行患不能成，无患有司之不公。”
言未既，有笑于列者日：“先生欺余哉！弟子事先生，于兹有年矣。先生口不绝吟于六艺之文，手不停披于百家之编；纪事者必提其要，纂言者必钩其玄；贪多务得，细大不捐；焚膏油以继晷，恒兀兀以穷年。先生之业，可谓勤矣。觗排异端，攘斥佛老；补苴罅漏，张皇幽眇；寻坠绪之茫茫，独旁搜而远绍；障百川而东之，回狂澜于既倒。先生之于儒，可谓劳矣。沉浸酿郁，含英咀华。作为文章，其书满家。上规姚姒，浑浑无涯，周《诰》殷《盘》，佶屈聱牙，《春秋》谨严，《左氏》浮夸，《易》奇而法，《诗》正而葩；下逮《庄》、《骚》，太史所录，子云、相如，同工异曲。先生之于文，可谓闳其中而肆其外矣。少始知学，勇于敢为；长通于方，左右具宜。先生之于为人，可谓成矣。然而公不见信于人，私不见助于友，跋前疐后，动辄得咎。暂为御史，遂窜南夷。三年博士，冗不见治。命与仇谋，取败几时。冬暖而儿号寒，年丰而妻啼饥。头童齿豁，竟死何裨？不知虑此，反教人为？”
[译文]
国子先生清晨来到太学，把学生们召集来，站在讲舍之下，训导他们说：“学业靠勤奋才能精湛，如果贪玩就会荒废；德行靠思考才能形成，如果随大流就会毁掉。当今朝廷，圣明的君主与贤良的大臣遇合到了一起，规章制度全都建立起来了，它们能铲除奸邪，提拔贤俊，略微有点儿优点的人都会被录用，以一种技艺见称的人都不会被抛弃。仔细地搜罗人才、改变他们的缺点，发扬他们的优点。只有才行不够而侥幸被选拔上来的人，哪里会有学行优长却没有被捉举的人呢？学生们，不要担心选拔人才的人眼睛不亮，只怕你们的学业不能精湛；不要担心他们做不到公平，只怕你们的德行无所成就！”

话还没说完，队列中有个人笑着说：“先生是在欺骗我们吧。学生跟着先生，到今天也有些年了。先生口里就没有停止过吟诵六经之文，手里也不曾停止过翻阅诸子之书，记事的一定给它提出主要内容来，立论的一定勾划出它的奥妙之处来。贪图多得，务求有收获，不论无关紧要的还是意义重大的都不让它漏掉。太阳下去了，就燃起油灯，一年到头，永远在那里孜孜不倦地研究。先生对于学业，可以说是够勤奋了吧。抵制排除那些异端邪说，驱除排斥佛家和道家的学说，补充完善儒学理论上的缺陷与不足，阐发光大其深奥隐微的意义，钻研那些久已失传的古代儒家学说，还要特别广泛地发掘和继承它们。阻止异端邪说，像拦截洪水一样，向东海排去，把将被狂澜压倒的正气重新挽救回来。先生对于儒家学说，可以说是立了功劳的吧。沉浸在如醇厚美酒般的典籍中，咀嚼品味着它们的菁华，写起文章来，一屋子堆得满满的。上取法于虞、夏之书，那是多么的博大无垠啊，周诰文、殷盘铭，那是多么的曲折拗口啊。《春秋》是多么的谨严，《左传》又是多么的铺张。《易经》奇异而有法则，《诗经》纯正而又华美。下及《庄子》、《离骚》、太史公的《史记》，以及扬雄、司马相如的著述，它们虽然各不相同，美妙精能这一点却都是一样的。先生对于文章，可以说是造诣精深博大而下笔波澜壮阔了吧。先生少年就知道好学，敢作敢为，长大以后，通晓礼义，行为得体。先生对于做人，可以说是很成熟的了吧。可是呢，在官场上不被人所信用，私交上也没人帮助你。你就同狼一样，往前走会踩住自己的颔肉，往后退又要绊着自己的尾巴，一举一动都会招来过错。当了一段时间的御史，又被贬逐到边，远的南方。当了三年的博士，懒懒散散，也没表现出什么政绩。你的运气就像与你有仇似的，早晚总要碰得一败涂地的。冬天天气暖和，你的孩子还要叫冷；年岁本来富饶，你的妻子还要喊饿。头发也光了，牙齿也缺了，你就是死了，又于事何补呢？你不想一想这些，还要来教训人，这是为什么呢？”

收起