英语句型初一英语(人教版)版中所有的需要掌握的句型(如,like to do sth...等等)和语法 什么什么词(如:情态动词 副词,.等等)只要让我知道怎么用就行.如何填进句子里.,打得好给很多分
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英语句型初一英语(人教版)版中所有的需要掌握的句型(如,like to do sth...等等)和语法 什么什么词(如:情态动词 副词,.等等)只要让我知道怎么用就行.如何填进句子里.,打得好给很多分
英语句型
初一英语(人教版)版中所有的需要掌握的句型(如,like to do sth...等等)和语法 什么什么词(如:情态动词 副词,.等等)只要让我知道怎么用就行.如何填进句子里.
,打得好给很多分
英语句型初一英语(人教版)版中所有的需要掌握的句型(如,like to do sth...等等)和语法 什么什么词(如:情态动词 副词,.等等)只要让我知道怎么用就行.如何填进句子里.,打得好给很多分
the school magazine 校刊
can't stand 不能忍受
don't mind 不介意/无所谓/不在乎
二、句型
(1)-What do you think of situation comedy?
-- I love them
(2)-I asked students about fashion.
(3)-This is what I think.
(4)--I don't mind what young people think of me!
(5)-Can you please put my letter in next month's magazine?
三、日常交际用语
(1)-What do you think of suop operas?
--- I love them/I don't mind them/I can't stand them/I don't like.
(2)-How about you? ---I do.too.
(3)--What do you think of ...?
--=How do you like...?
如:What do you think of the picture?
=How do you like the picture?
Unit 12 Don't eat in class.
一、词组
school rules 学校规章制度
break the rules 违反规章制度
in the hallways 在过道
listen to music 听音乐
in the music room 在音乐教室里
in the dining hall 在餐厅
sports shoes 运动鞋
gym class 体育课
after school 放学后
have to do 不得不做
too many 太多
get up 起床
by ten o'clock 十点之前
make dinner 做饭
the children's palace 少年宫
二、句型
(1)-Don't arrive late for class.
(2)-We can't listen to music in the hallways,but we can listen to it outside.
(3)-What else do you have to do?
-- We have to clean the classroom.
(4)--Can we wear hats in school?
--Yes,we can/ No,we can't.
(5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school?
-Yes,we do /No,we don't.
重难点精析
祈使句
通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气.它的主语you(听话人)通常省略.其构成通常有以下几种形式.
1)Be型(即系动词原型be+表语+其他).
如:Be quiet,please.
否定句Don't + be+表语+其他.
如:Don't be angry.
2)Do型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他).如:
Open you books,please.
否定句Don't +实义动词原形+宾语+其他.
如:Don't eat in the classroom.
3)Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如:
Let me help you.
Let's go at six o'clock.
否定句一般在宾语后加not.如:
Let' not watch TV.
4)No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为"禁止做某事")如:
No smoking! 严禁吸烟!
No talking! 不许交谈!
No passing! 禁止通行!
No parking! 不许停车
11.1 一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用.时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday.例如:
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家.
2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实.例如:
The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动.
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部.
3) 表示格言或警句.例如:
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败.
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时.
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性.例如:
比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子.
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课.
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作.第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时.
返回动词的时态目录
11.2 一般过去时的用法
1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态.例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等.
2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作.
3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了".例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了. It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ,例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了. would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'.例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在.例如:I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些.
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等.
2)情态动词 could, would.例如:
Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车,能借用一些吗?
返回动词的时态目录
11.3 used to / be used to
used to + do:"过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在.例如:
Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘.
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步.
be used to + doing: 对……已感到习惯,或"习惯于",to是介词,后需加名词或动名词.
11.4 一般将来时
1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替.will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称.
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?
2) be going to +不定式,表示将来.
a. 主语的意图,即将做某事.例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?
b. 计划,安排要发生的事.例如:The play is going to be produced next month.这出戏下月开播.
c. 有迹象要发生的事.例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了.
3) be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事.
4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事.例如:
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京.
注意:be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用.
11.5 be going to / will 用于条件句时,be going to表将来,will表意愿.
11.6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主观的打算或计划.
11.7 一般现在时表将来
1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情.
2)以here, there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行.
3)在时间或条件句中.例如:
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我.
4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中.例如:
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心.
11.8 用现在进行时表示将来
下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来.
11.9 现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态.其构成:have (has) +过去分词.
11.10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时
1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响.
2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语.
一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆为具体的时间状语.
现在完成时的时间状语:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不确定的时间状语.
共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等.
3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know..
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时.
11.11 用于现在完成时的句型
11.13 since的四种用法
1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six).
2) since +一段时间+ ago.
3) since +从句.
4) It is +一段时间+ since从句.
11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词
1) 用于完成时的区别
延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用.
2) 用于till / until从句的差异
延续动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示"到……,才……
11.15 过去完成时
1) 概念:表示过去的过去
----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成.
那时以前 那时 现在
2) 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句.例如:
She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时.例如:
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了.
c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…".例如:
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来.
3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as.例如:
He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年,爱迪生开始自己谋生.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
汤姆失望了,因为他到达晚会时,大部分客人已经走了.
典型例题
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B,were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前,因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时.句中when表示的是时间的一点,表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下,when所引导的动作发生.因此前一句应用过去进行时.
注意: had hardly… when 还没等…… 就…….例如:
I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门,他就打了我.
had no sooner…than 刚…… 就…….例如:
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了.
11.16 用一般过去时代替过去完成时
1) 两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but 等连词时,多用一般过去时.例如:
When she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起来.
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子,我把它丢了.
2 ) 两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时.例如:
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3) 叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时.例如:
11.17 将来完成时
1) 构成will have done
2) 概念
a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态.例如:
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了.
b. 动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或获得的经验.例如:
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时,你已经到达上海了.
11.18 现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法:
a. 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情.例如:
We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你.
b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行.例如:
Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态.)
c. 表示渐变,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等.例如:
The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红.
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了.
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩.
11.19 不用进行时的动词
1)表示事实状态的动词,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等.例如:I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟.
This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的.
2)表示心理状态的动词,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等.例如:I need your help. 我需要你的帮助.
He loves her very much. 他爱她很深.
3)瞬间动词,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等.例如:
I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告.
4)系动词,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等.
11.20 过去进行时
1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作.
2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生.
3) 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等.