海外文化:在美国如何教移民的孩子们学英语

来源:学生作业帮助网 编辑:六六作业网 时间:2024/12/25 21:04:39
海外文化:在美国如何教移民的孩子们学英语海外文化:在美国如何教移民的孩子们学英语海外文化:在美国如何教移民的孩子们学英语【英文原文】摘要:美国对小学一年级到12年级的孩子实行强制性义务教育,孩子们必须

海外文化:在美国如何教移民的孩子们学英语
海外文化:在美国如何教移民的孩子们学英语

海外文化:在美国如何教移民的孩子们学英语
【英文原文】摘要:美国对小学一年级到12年级的孩子实行强制性义务教育,孩子们必须在学校里读完12年,或者至少要到16岁.In the US we have free compulsory public education for all children from grade 1 to grade 12. Children must stay in school through grade 12, or at least until they are 16. Public schooling is truly free: no book fees, no music fees, no athletic fees. Books are handed out at the beginning of the school year and must be returned at the end. Most schools supply paper, pencils, erasers, calculators, computers, art supplies and musical instruments.I have been a primary-school teacher for over 30 years. I teach English in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to pupils who are members of racial minorities. Currently I work with Haitian immigrant children who do not speak English when they enter school. Their families come from a country where violence is all too common. Haitian schools are often closed; indeed, in the past ten years, there has not been a single complete school year. Grinding poverty results in a very low level of literacy. Parents seldom have funds for books, paper or pencils. When the children of such families arrive in the US, they are woefully unprepared to compete with their middle-class agemates. How should we teachers help them to learn, especially to learn English?We surround the child with spoken English, encouraging them to use any words they pick up and ignoring all mistakes. We read books aloud, ask questions and constantly encourage responses. A child may start with one word, for examplewater, but by day 3 he can say, "Me water," and by day 5, "I want water." Language grows from small beginnings as the teacher constantly prods the child to use single words and to make longer utterances as he learns. When the child is using English, we do not correct errors in pronunciation. We see such mistakes as the act of practicing a new skill. By trying out his new English skills, the pupil will improve on his own. If he is corrected each time, he will become reluctant to keep trying. We do not teach English by having the students memorize words. Instead we start by teaching phonics, which is the study of the sounds that letters make. Phonics provides children with a code: pupils learn individual letter sounds and then learn how letters work in groups. As students progress in phonics, they can read new words on their own because they know how individual letters probably sound.English-speaking students are also taught phonics, but phonics is particularly important for second-language learners. We start teaching the sounds of the alphabet to pupils unable to speak English from the very first day they set foot in the classroom, no matter how few English words they know.I was amazed to find that primary-school teachers in China do not use phonics in teaching children how to read. It seems a gargantuan task to teach a pupil to memorize every word he needs to know, much as if the child were being asked to shovel a huge pile of sand, with the shovel shut away. Phonics is a code that unlocks word construction. It empowers the child to learn by putting small pieces together.Right now I am learning Chinese and am happy to discover that the vocabulary is not too difficult. Having learned dong, nan, xi and men, suddenly I can build six or seven words: dongmen, ximen, nanmen, xinanmen. Phonic knowledge operates quite similarly. Suppose I teach a child an, ran, man, can. I then can teach and,stand, land, band. Give the child her, der-, -ing and un- and he can build or recognize under, then understand, and finally understanding. Phonics teaches word families such as cat, bat, fat, flat. Later on we might build catty, batting, fatter, flatten. These words do not need to be memorized because they are built up from small phonic units that children can use in many different combinations. This is a constructionist approach to learning: the children are given the phonic tools to construct and sound out new words by themselves. Test results show that my students make from one to three years' progress within one school year. Our immigrant children, members of racial minorities, are beginning to close the enormous gap in achievement between minority and majority students.

海外文化:在美国如何教移民的孩子们学英语 长春加拿大投资移民哪里有一对一的零起点海外生存英语 移民到美国 英语怎么说 长春加拿大投资移民求零起点海外生存英语 美国本来就是一个移民的国家翻成英语? 美国文化中的功利主义特征与早期移民信奉的新教伦理的关系. 美国早期移民的信仰与美国人的使命观 这句话如何译成英语?求翻译! 移民对美国文化的影响分几个方面来谈,具体详细一点 如何保证中国公民在海外的人身安全? 打算移民美国,移民美国后我的中国国籍是会被取消吗?我办的移民是我有亲戚在美国,他邀请我去 移民美国的中国人最喜欢在哪里居住 移民美国真的要英语很好吗 我是个英语白痴 可咋办对学英语实在提不起兴趣 移民美国真的要英语很好吗 我是个英语白痴 可咋办啊对学英语实在没兴趣 为什么近现代中国出现大规模移民海外的现象 明朝以前人移民海外的首选地是? 假如你是一名火星移民,已经在火星上生活了若干年.请你用英语给自己的孩子们写一篇短文,介绍你原来在地球上的生活.内容包括:1,居住和工作方式2 娱乐方式 3 你的感想.这篇作文怎么写学 英语翻译美国人是由世界上诸多民族从世界各地移民到美国的.各族移民在投人这个大熔炉的同时,也带来了各地不同的文化.因此,美国社会内存在着极为繁多的子群体,继承了极为丰富的文化 在中国移民方便吗?比如说移民到美国、英国