英语翻译Clearly TRH plays a regulatory role in an elaborately regulated system,the HPT axis.Just as clearly it can directly affect behavioral and physiological events outside that system.Phylogenetically,its functions outside the axis may have de

英语翻译Clearly TRH plays a regulatory role in an elaborately regulated system,the HPT axis.Just as clearly it can directly affect behavioral and physiological events outside that system.Phylogenetically,its functions outside the axis may have de
英语翻译
Clearly TRH plays a regulatory role in an elaborately regulated system,the HPT axis.Just as clearly it can directly affect behavioral and physiological events outside that system.Phylogenetically,its functions outside the axis may have developed earlier (30),though they are less thoroughly understood.Given such considerations,how can one conceptualize the diverse functions of TRH?
Elsewhere (64),one of us,with Nemeroff,posited a theory of harmony between the behavioral effects and the endocrine effects of the hypothalamic hypophysiotropic hormones.We illustrated this with several examples,none of which is more striking than that pertaining to luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH).LHRH releases luteinizing hormone and FSH,which stimulate the gonads.LHRH also facilitates mating behavior.TRH lends itself to this general formulation.Through TSH,it causes the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones,which,in turn,not only increase metabolic rate but potentiate the action of ergotropic neurotransmitter activity.TRH,as noted above,exerts a variety of alerting effects.Indeed,it was this array of effects that prompted Kruse (41) and then Metcalf and Dettmar (59) to describe TRH as an ergotropic substance.This notion resonated with the earlier ergotropic–thyrotropic formulation of Hess (25).In this scheme,the organism is always oriented both internally and to its environment somewhere on a spectrum between two extremes.In a complete ergotropic state,the organism is totally engaged in the environment—alert,physically active,and maximally using energy.In a complete trophotropic state,by contrast,the organism is at rest,relatively inattentive to the environment,and restoring itself through the many processes that together are anabolic.In developing this concept,Hess emphasized two points that have become increasingly important.First,recuperation is not merely the absence of excitation; it is an active process.Second,the CNS,prominently the hypothalamus,orchestrates whatever balance of ergotropism–trophotropism may obtain at any time.
Following the concept described above and noting that TRH (and certain other peptides) abbreviated pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice while the tridecapeptide neurotensin (NT) extended it,our group formulated NT as a trophotropic hormone,in balance with the ergotropic tendencies of TRH (63).This concept was later developed in more detail and in the perspective of recent findings (69).
It would appear that the functions of TRH have been conserved during the evolution of simple species to complex ones.Its behavioral role may be older phylogenetically than its role as a regulator of thyroid function.Behaviorally it seems to be an ergotrophic substance (there are probably others) in dynamic balance with trophotropic substances such as NT.The ergotropic behavioral activity of TRH appears to be harmonious with the endocrine actions for which it was named.

英语翻译Clearly TRH plays a regulatory role in an elaborately regulated system,the HPT axis.Just as clearly it can directly affect behavioral and physiological events outside that system.Phylogenetically,its functions outside the axis may have de
显然TRH起到调节作用在一个精心调节系统,《高原上的探戈》).正如清晰可直接影响的行为和生理活动外,系统.Phylogenetically外,其功能的轴开发出早期(30分),虽然他们不彻底的了解.面对这种考虑,怎么会采取不同的功能TRH吗?
在别处(64),成为我们的一员,Nemeroff、自主性、和谐的社会主义民族关系理论之间的影响及内分泌行为作用的hypophysiotropic下丘脑荷尔蒙.这几个例子说明我们没有比这更引人注目的是有关luteinizing-hormone-releasing激素(LHRH).LHRH黄体激素和释放,刺激性腺FSH).LHRH也便于交配的行为.TRH适合这种通用的计算公式.通过TSH导致甲状腺激素及糖皮质激素的合成和释放,从而提高代谢率,不仅ergotropic的动作,但四个神经活动.TRH,如上所述,对各种报警的效果.事实上,正是这种阵列的影响,促使Kruse(41),然后梅和Dettmar(59)来描述TRH作为ergotropic物质.这个概念的早期ergotropic-thyrotropic回荡着的海(25).在这个方案中,生物体总是导向内部及其环境上涵盖了两个极端.在一个完整的ergotropic状态,生物体是完全从事environment-alert、身体活动,和最大限度地利用能源.在一个完整的trophotropic状态,相比之下,生物在休息时,比较松散的环境,并恢复本身通过许多过程,是合成.在开发这一概念,强调两点,赫斯已经变得越来越重要.首先,调理不仅仅是没有激励;它是一个积极主动的过程.其次,中枢神经,突出了平衡放电,自我ergotropism-trophotropism可以得到什么.
上面描述的概念,指出TRH(或其他肽)略pentobarbital-induced小鼠睡眠时neurotensin十三肽(NT)扩展它,我们小组制定新台币作为trophotropic激素,在平衡与ergotropic倾向TRH(63).这一概念,后来发展更多的细节,并在最近的发现(69%).
这样看来,这个功能的TRH一直保存在进化的简单物种的复杂的.其行为的作用可能是老年phylogenetically相比,它的作用的甲状腺功能.行为上,这似乎是一种ergotrophic物质(可能还有其他的动态平衡trophotropic)与物质如新台币.ergotropic行为活动的TRH显得和谐与内分泌行动对它被命名.

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