英语翻译无
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英语翻译无
英语翻译
无
英语翻译无
1原文:日月之形如丸.何以知之?以月盈亏可验也.
月本无光,尤银丸,日耀之乃光耳.光之初生,日在其旁,故光侧而所见如钩;日渐远,则斜照,而光稍满.如一弹丸,以粉涂其半,侧视之,则粉处如钩;对视之,则正圜.此有以知其如丸也.
译文:日月的形状像球体.怎么知道的呢?用月亮的盈亏可以证明.
月亮本来没有光,就像银质的小球,太阳照射它才发光啊.光开始出现在月亮上时,太阳在它的侧面,所以光亮显示在月球的侧面而且看见的像钩形;太阳渐渐走远,就斜着照在了月亮上,所以月光稍稍变得圆满.就像一个圆球,用粉涂上一半,侧面看它,那么涂上粉的地方就像弯钩一样;正面看它,就是正圆.凭借这个就知道月亮的形状是球体的.
2原文:皇佑二年,吴中大饥,殍殣枕路,是时范文正领浙西,发粟及募民存饷,为术甚备,吴人喜竞渡,好为佛事.希文乃纵民竞渡,太守日出宴于湖上,自春至夏,居民空巷出游.又召诸佛寺主首,谕之曰:“饥歳工价至贱,可以大兴土木之役.”于是诸寺工作鼎兴.又新敖仓吏舍,日役千夫.监司奏劾杭州不恤荒政,嬉游不节,及公私兴造,伤耗民力,文正乃自条叙所以宴游及兴造,皆欲以发有馀之财,以惠贫者.贸易饮食、工技服力之人,仰食于公私者,日无虑数万人.荒政之施,莫此为大.是歳,两浙唯杭州晏然,民不流徙,皆文正之惠也.歳饥发司农之粟,募民兴利,近歳遂著为令.既已恤饥,因之以成就民利,此先王之美泽也.
译文:宋朝皇佑二年,吴州一带闹大饥荒,当时范仲淹(字希文,卒谥文正)治理浙西,下令散发米粮赈灾.并鼓励百姓储备粮食,救荒的措施非常完备.
吴州民俗喜好赛舟,并且笃信佛教.范仲淹于是鼓励百姓举行划船比赛,自己也日日在湖上宴饮.从春至夏,当地的百姓几乎天天都扶老携幼在湖边争看赛船.另外,范仲淹又召集各佛寺住持,对他们说:“饥岁荒年工钱最是低廉,正是寺院大兴土木的大好时机.”于是各寺庙住持无不招募工人大肆兴建.范仲淹又召募工人兴建官家谷仓及吏卒官舍,每天募集的工人多达一千人.
掌监察的官员,认为范仲淹不体恤荒年财政困难,竟鼓励百姓划船竞赛,寺院大兴土木,既劳民又伤财,所以上奏弹劾范仲淹.范仲淹上奏说:“臣所以鼓励百姓宴游湖上,寺院、官府大兴土木,其用意正是借有余钱可花的百姓,嘉惠贫苦无依的穷民,使得靠出卖劳力生活的百姓,能依赖官府与民间所提供的工作机会生活,不致背井离乡,饿死荒野.”
这年全国的大饥荒,只有杭州一带的百姓没有受到严重的灾害.这是文正给他们带来的恩惠
体恤老百姓的苦处,所以保护他们的利益.这是先王的恩惠
梦溪笔谈而则有很多,是哪一个?
以虫治虫》 宋神宗元丰年间,庆州地区生了子方虫,正要危害秋田里的庄稼。忽然有一种昆虫产生了,样子像泥土 里的“狗蝎”,嘴上长有钳,成千上万,遍地都是;它们遇上子方虫,就用嘴上的钳跟子方虫搏斗,子方虫 全都被咬成两段。十天后,子方虫全被杀尽,年成因此而获得大丰收。这种虫过去曾经有过,当地的人称它 为“傍不肯”。 《梵天寺木塔》 钱氏王朝统治两浙时,在杭州梵天寺修建一座木塔,才建了两三层,钱帅登上木塔...
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以虫治虫》 宋神宗元丰年间,庆州地区生了子方虫,正要危害秋田里的庄稼。忽然有一种昆虫产生了,样子像泥土 里的“狗蝎”,嘴上长有钳,成千上万,遍地都是;它们遇上子方虫,就用嘴上的钳跟子方虫搏斗,子方虫 全都被咬成两段。十天后,子方虫全被杀尽,年成因此而获得大丰收。这种虫过去曾经有过,当地的人称它 为“傍不肯”。 《梵天寺木塔》 钱氏王朝统治两浙时,在杭州梵天寺修建一座木塔,才建了两三层,钱帅登上木塔,嫌它晃动。工匠师 傅说:“木塔上没有铺瓦片,上面轻,所以才这样。” 于是就把瓦片铺排在塔上,但是木塔还像当初一样 晃动。没有办法时,匠师就秘密地派他的妻子去见喻皓的妻子,拿金钗送给她,要她向喻皓打听木塔晃动的 原因。喻皓笑着说:“这很容易啊,只要逐层铺好木板,用钉子钉牢,就不会晃动了。”工匠师傅遵照他的 话(去办),塔身就稳定了。因为钉牢了木板,上下更加紧密相束,上、下、左、右、前、后六面互相连接就 像只箱子,人踩在那楼板上,上下及四周板壁互相支撑,(塔)当然不会晃动。人们都佩服喻皓的高明。
掌握的字的读音
狗蝎(xiē) 喙(huì) 蔽(bì) 钳(qián) 旬(xún)
穰(ráng) 梵(fàn) 浙(zhè) 皓(hào) 钗(chāi)
讫(qì) 弥(mí) 胠箧(qū)
英文:To the insect governs the insect " Song Shenzong during a Yuan good harvest year, 庆州 the areahas lived the sub- side insect, is just about to in the harm fallfield the crops. Suddenly some one kind of insect has produced, theappearance likes the soil In "the dog scorpion", on the mouth long has the pliers, tensof thousands of, everywhere all is; They meet the child side insect,uses on the mouth the pliers to fight with sub- Fang Chong, sub- sideinsect All is nipped two sections. After ten days, sub- Fang Chongquan杀尽, the year becomes therefore obtains bumper crop. This kind ofinsect has had in the past, local person it For "approaches is not willing". "Buddhist Day Temple Wooden Tower" When Qian dynasty rule 两浙, constructs a wooden tower in theHangzhou buddhist day temple, only then constructed 23, moneycommander-in-chief has mounted the wooden tower, disliked it rocked.Labor 匠师 The teacher said that, "In the wooden tower has not spread thetile, above is light, therefore only then like this." Thereupon onarranges the tile in the tower, but the wooden tower also likedinitially is same Rocks. When does not have the means, 匠师 secretly sends thewife which he the wife sees Yu Hao, takes 金钗 gives her, wants herto Yu Hao to inquire the wooden tower rocks Reason. Yu Hao smiles was saying that, "This is very easy, solong as by the level shop good plank, nails fast with the nail, couldnot rock." Artisan skilled worker obeys him The speech (manages), the tower body stabilized. Because hasnailed fast the plank, about closer ties, on, under, left, is right,front, the latter six mutually companies adjusts Like a box, the person steps in that floor, about and allaround the wooden partition mutually supports, (tower) certainlycannot rock. The people all admire Yu Hao wise.
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