时态帮忙区分下过去时和现在完成时!我总混,一直整不清,现在错的我看到这样的题都害怕!就是单选题，我总错，时态混淆！有的虽然有表示现在完成时的状语，答案却是过去式。最好举几个

时态帮忙区分下过去时和现在完成时!我总混,一直整不清,现在错的我看到这样的题都害怕!就是单选题，我总错，时态混淆！有的虽然有表示现在完成时的状语，答案却是过去式。最好举几个
时态帮忙区分下
过去时和现在完成时!我总混,一直整不清,现在错的我看到这样的题都害怕!
就是单选题，我总错，时态混淆！有的虽然有表示现在完成时的状语，答案却是过去式。最好举几个例子！

时态帮忙区分下过去时和现在完成时!我总混,一直整不清,现在错的我看到这样的题都害怕!就是单选题，我总错，时态混淆！有的虽然有表示现在完成时的状语，答案却是过去式。最好举几个
一般过去时态（did式）:
（一）基本用法: 1、表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作.常与yesterday, last Sunday morning, last year, two hours ago, just now, the other day, once upon a time, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等连用.
E.g.We often played together when we were children.
注:表示过去习惯性的动作,可用would或used to. E.g.He used to work by bus.
2、表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态.
E.g.（1）He bought the computer five years ago. （2）It was then a small fishing village.
（二）特殊用法:
1、用过去时表示现在,表客气或语气委婉礼貌,用情态动词 could, would等.
E.g.Could you lend me your bike?
2、一般过去时态用于在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气,通常用于某些特殊结构中,如：if only…,as if…, as though…和It is time (that) sb. did sth. “早该……了” I would (had) rather sb. did sth.　表示“宁愿某人做某事”. 【注】It is time for sb. to do sth　 “到……时间了；该……了”.
E.g.（1）If I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing. （2）It’s time we started.
（3）I wish I knew his name. （4）I’d rather you lived with us.
（5）If he were here now, we could turn to him for help.
3、表示过去经常发生的动作也可用 “used to”或 “would+动词原形” 代替.
used to + do：“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态.　
would do: 表过去常干某事,但不强调现在不干.
E.g.（1）He used to visit his mother once a week. 他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲.
（2） The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park .老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上
4、用于对于think, believe, suppose等表示心理活动的动词,它表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式,所表达的含义往往与客观事实相反,意为“原想”,“本以为”等.
E.g.（1）We never thought a team of girls could beat us. This is the most unlucky day of my life.
我们本以为女队绝不可能打败我们,这是我一生中最不幸的日子.
（2）I believed he would not come to see me again.我本以为他再也不会来看我了.
5、在条件和时间状语从句中,用一般过去时表示过去将来时.
E.g.Father told me that he would buy me a computer if he made enough money.
爸爸告诉我,如果他挣了足够的钱,他将给我买台电脑.
6、用于since从句,表示“以过去某个动作的发生作为时间起点,一直持续到现在”的时间段.
E.g. （1）He has been in hospital since he became ill.（2）It’s 3 years since my brother joined the Party.
下列句型中常用现在完成时
This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that + 完成时
This(That / It)is the only … + that + 完成时
This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting … + that 从句 + 完成时
7、before和after引导的时间状语从句所表示的动作与主句动作前后紧凑时,由于before和 after本身自己已经说明了两个动作的先后关系,所以这两个动作都可以用一般过去时.当然从句或主句中发生在前面的动作也可以用过去完成时,另一个发生在后面的动作则用一般过去时.
E.g.（1）After I finished/ had finished my homework, I went to bed last night.
（2）Before I arrived the station , the train left/had left.
8、常用一般过去时的结构：（1）Why didn’t you（I）think of that? （2）I didn’t notice it.
（3）I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.
（4）I didn’t recognize him.
现在完成时（have/has＋p.p.）
（一）基本用法：1、表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,或说话时已完成的动作,常与for, since, yet, till/until, in the past years, always, recently ,up to now= so far= by now= till now, just, ever, never, recently, in the last/ past few years, in recent years, since two years ago, for a few days等连用.
E.g.I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.
2、表示从过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态.常与“for+一段时间,since+时间点”表述的时间状语连用,since用来说明动作起始时间; for用来说明动作延续时间长度.【注】有些瞬间性词（终止性动词）不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用.要连用时须用状态动词,要将终止性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语,其方法有：1）改为相应的延续性动词： buy- have, borrow-keep, catch/get a cold- have a cold, get to know-know, become-be等.E.g.I have kept the library book for 2 weeks.(borrow) 这本图书我已借了两周.
2）改为“be+名词”：join the army- be a soldier(in the army), join the Party/League- be a Party/League member, go to school-be a student等.
E.g. My elder brother has been a soldier (in the army)since 3 years ago.自从三年前,我哥哥就参军了.
3) 改为“be+形容词/副词”：die-be dead, fall asleep-be asleep, open-be open, close-be closed, leave- be away(from), begin/start-be on, get up-be up, shut/turn off- be off,go out-be out
E.g. The meeting has been on for ten minutes.(begin/start)
4）go/ come/ get/ arrive/ reach/+地点副词（如here, there, upstairs, downstairs等 be +地点副词
E.g. Mr. White has been in China for 5 months.
5）改为“ be+介词短语”: go to/ come to/ get to/ arrive in(at)/ reach be in/at+地点名词
【注】marry是瞬间性动作,不能和for +时间段的状语连用.要表示状态的用　has been married to sb.“和某人结婚”是marry to sb. E.g. 他已完成工作三小时了.He has finished the work for three hours.（×）
He finished the work three hours ago. （√）
He has been through(with)the work for three hours. （√）
It is/has been three hours since he finished the work.” （√）
附：since的四种用法
①since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six）.
E.g. I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在这儿.
②since +一段时间+ ago.E.g. I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿,已经有五个月了.
③since +从句. E.g. Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后,变化可大了.
④It is / has been + 一段时间+ since 从句…,从句动词通常用过去时,主句用完成时.
E.g.It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了.
【注】It is +一段时间+ since+ … +瞬间动词的过去式.“自从…以来有多长时间了”.
E.g. It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him. 从我上次见到他以来已经10年了.
It is +一段时间+ since+ … +延续动词的过去式.“自从不…以来有多长时间了”
E.g. It is/ has been 10 years since I lived in Shanghai. 自从我不住在上海有十年了.
（二）特殊用法：1、在时间或条件状语从句中,现在完成时可代替一般将来时,表示将来某时完成的动作.E.g.（1）I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.
（2）If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.
2、“have been to ＋地点”与“have gone to＋地点”的区别：
★have / has been (to) 表示“曾经去过”某地,说话时此人已经回来了,说话的时候已不在去过的地方,现在在对方的身边,侧重指经历. E.g. He has been to Paris three times.
★have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去了”某地,说话的时候,去某地的人不在场,可能到达某地,也可能在去某地的路上,反正不在说话者的身边. E.g. He has gone to Paris.
3、用于现在完成时的典型句型和场合：（1）It is the first / second , etc, + time…. that从句用现在完成时.
E.g. It is the first time that I have visited the city.
【注】It’s（high）time that从句（过去式）E.g.It is time that we went to school.
（2）This is the+ 序数词/最高级+ that从句用现在完成时.E.g.This is the first time (that) I’ve heard him sing.
(3) This(That / It)is the only … + that 从句用现在完成时.
E.g.It/This/That is the only party that I have ever really enjoyed in my life.
(4)句中有so far、（for/during）the past（last）years（months…）、up to now/until now等短语则句中谓语用现在完成时. E.g.①She hasn’t had any friends so far. ②In the past two years I’ve seen him three times.
(5) till / until从句中延续动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到…”;瞬间动词用于否定句,表示"到……,才……".E.g.①He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 点才回来 ②He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到10点.
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
1.含义不同
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,侧重于说明过去的事实,与现在没有联系.
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始并延续到现在的动作,与现在有着密切的联系.
2.时间状语不同
一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语连用（two years ago,last night ,yesterday, last Sunday morning, two hours ago, just now, the other day, once upon a time, the other day, in 1982等）提问时用when.
现在完成时常与for或since引导的表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间连用（since1990 ,since two years ago,
since last night,for two weeks, recently等）提问时how long.

过去时是 ： did
现在完成时是：have done