retrospective effect是什么意思

retrospective effect是什么意思 Retrospective payments 英语翻译David Copperfield is a retrospective narrative structured by frequent recollections of momentary happiness,or bygone dreams of happiness,that derive their meaning and their cumulative emotional effect for David,and for the reader,from a d retrospective是什么意思啊?如何背? “modified prospective” method “modified retrospective” method 怎么翻译? side effect 翻译effect effect意思? effect是什么意思 effect lighting give effect consistent effect tearing effect secondary effect secondary effect是什么意思 retroactive和retrospective请解释下RETROACTIVE和RETROSPECTIVE这两个词的意思 最好能每个都举例我在白度词典上没看懂 还有这两个 retroactive statue 和 retrospective statue 英语翻译审计报告中的这个“modified prospective” method该怎么翻译啊?还有“modified retrospective” method 英语翻译审计报告中的这个“modified prospective” method该怎么翻译啊?还有“modified retrospective” method biomarker biomarker of of effect effect是什么意思