奥地利 英文简介

奥地利 英文简介
奥地利 英文简介

奥地利 英文简介
Austria
Introduction
Official name:Republic of Austria
Capital:Vienna
Population:8.1 million
Currency:Euro
Official language:German
Date of independence,or formation date:1918
Date when current borders were established:1919
National day:Oct 26
Vehicle country identifying code:A
Time zone (hours plus or minus from GMT):+1
International telephone dialling code:+43
Internet country identifying code:.at
Lying in the heart of Europe,Austria is dominated by the Alps in the west,while fertile plains make up the east and north.A separate republic after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire,Austria was absorbed into Hitler's Germany in 1938.It regained independence in 1955 after the departure of the last Soviet troops from the Allied Occupation Force.Its economy encompasses successful high-tech sectors,a tourist industry which attracts wealthier visitors,and a strong agricultural base.Having joined the EU in 1995,in 2002 it was one of 12 EU states to adopt the euro.
Background:
Once the center of power for the large Austro-Hungarian Empire,Austria was reduced to a small republic after its defeat in World War I.Following annexation by Nazi Germany in 1938 and subsequent occupation by the victorious Allies in 1945,Austria's status remained unclear for a decade.A State Treaty signed in 1955 ended the occupation,recognized Austria's independence,and forbade unification with Germany.A constitutional law that same year declared the country's "perpetual neutrality" as a condition for Soviet military withdrawal.Following the Soviet Union's collapse in 1991 and Austria's entry into the European Union in 1995,some Austrian's have called into question this neutrality.A prosperous,democratic country,Austria entered the European Monetary Union in 1999.

Austria is a country of startling contrasts, from the Austrian Alps in the west to the Danube Basin in the east. It is not only famous as one of the world’s premier skiing regions, but also for its hi...

全部展开

Austria is a country of startling contrasts, from the Austrian Alps in the west to the Danube Basin in the east. It is not only famous as one of the world’s premier skiing regions, but also for its historical buildings, world-class museums and galleries, breathtaking scenery, magnificent mountains and established hiking trails. Visitors in search of culture and visitors in search of scenery are spoilt alike. In addition to natural wealth, the country contains numerous and glorious architectural riches, including frequent reminders of the once-powerful Hapsburgs, who dominated central Europe for seven centuries. It must be said that Austria bears the hallmarks of past Emperorship beautifully: the capital, Vienna, is magnificent with its ornate Opera House and the former imperial residence of the Hofburg; Austria’s other cities are similarly infused with a historical magic, notably Salzburg, the birthplace of Mozart, with stunning Baroque churches set before a backdrop of snow-covered peaks; and Innsbruck, in the center of the Austrian Alps.
Many places in Austria are themselves worthy of artistic acclaim, so it is little wonder that Austria has produced and inspired a catalog of cultural figures. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria – and, in particular, Vienna – became one of the major centers of the cultural renaissance associated with the terms Baroque and The Enlightenment; the musical achievements of this period are particularly notable and their note in cultural history still resounds. Remnants of Mozart’s legacy are everywhere. However, Austria has also yielded people such as artists Klimt and Schiele, composers Mahler and Schubert, writers Rilke and Schnitzler, psychologists Freud and Rank, and philosophers such as Husserl and Wittgenstein.
Nevertheless, Austria strives to cultivate its legacy of the future. The country is a hothouse of striking contemporary architecture, at the forefront of engineering, invention and design, and with a modern, efficient social system. Austria still has a justifiable reputation for music, literature and the arts, with Elfriede Jelinek recently winning the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2004. You are just as likely to find Alpine New Wave punk-rock as you are to find yodelling. In terms of gourmet culture, the legendary Gemütlichkeit – a relaxed enjoyment of life – is evident in the cafes where the art of coffee-drinking has been raised to a high art, and the many Heurigen, where the latest vintages are accompanied by vast quantities of food. Nightlife is versatile, offering laid-back taverns, beer gardens and excellent après-ski, as well as trendy clubs and dance venues packed to the small hours.

收起