英语翻译Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011.I w

英语翻译Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011.I w
英语翻译
Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011.I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States—we're now the only wealthy country without such a policy.
The United States does have one explicit family policy,the Family and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks' unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as "government-run personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent".In fact,every step of the way,as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law,business groups have been strongly opposed.
As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues,justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that,in some sense,society must pay for.In her book No Exit:What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents,she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives:there is "no exit" when it comes to children."Society expects—and needs—parents to provide their children with continuity of care,meaning the intensive,intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual,emotional and moral capabilities.And society expects—and needs—parents to persist in their roles for 18 years,or longer if needed."
While most parents do this out of love,there are public penalties for not providing care.What parents do,in other words,is of deep concern to the state,for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society.The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children' welfare,yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes.To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really,it is to steal those benefits because they accrue (不断积累) to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's productive citizenry (公民).In fact,by some estimates,the value of parental investments in children,investments of time and money (including lost wages),is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product.If these investments generate huge social benefits—as they clearly do—the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.

英语翻译Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011.I w
只有两个在世界先进国家没有提供有薪请假照顾新生婴儿的保证.两个,澳大利亚,去年春天一个送给通过建立支薪家庭留在2011年开始的可疑的区别.我并不惊讶,当这个消息并没有使这里在美国的方向走现在没有这样的政策,只有富裕的国家.
美国确实有一个明确的家庭政策,家庭与医疗假法,在1993年通过.它赋予工人多达12周的新生儿的或与家庭医疗保健问题的处理无薪假期.尽管谦虚的利益,商务部和商会等商业团体激烈战斗它,描述为“政府办人事管理”和“危险的先例”它.其实,每一个步骤的方式,为（通常）民主党领导人都试图引入执法工作与家庭平衡的措施,商业团体一直强烈反对.
正如耶鲁大学法学教授安妮Alstott认为,父母的支持取决于理由界定为社会利益,在某种意义上说,社会必须支付的家庭.在她的书中没有出口：什么儿童和家长欠他们什么社会欠父母,她父母都认为,他们的生活负担,在许多方面：没有“退出”当涉及到儿童.“社会期望和需要,家长提供持续的照顾自己的孩子,这意味着集约化,贴心呵护人类需要发展自己的智力,情感和道德能力.与社会的期望和需要,家长坚持对自己的角色18年或更长的时间,如果必要的.“
虽然大多数家长做这样的爱,也有不提供公共服务的处罚.父母在做什么,换句话说,就是对国家的深切关注,为明显的原因,照顾子女不仅是道义上的紧迫,而是为了社会的未来至关重要.国家承认在家庭法律管辖的大型机构,儿童福利,但在父母的帮助不大会议收到的改变生活的社会义务,这规定.被归为个人选择,其中有没有集体责任养育不仅忽视为人父母的社会福利;真的,它是窃取这些好处,因为它们产生（不断积累）向社会今天的儿童全变成明天的生产力的公民（公民）.事实上,一些估计,投资在儿童的父母,时间和金钱（包括工资损失）的投资,价值相当于国内生产总值的20-30％.如果这些投资产生巨大的社会效益,因为他们清楚地做,以提供更多的社会福利对家庭的支持,应该是更清晰.
这是大体意思,不是特别准确.只能做为参考