第二次世界大战英语简介要有中文翻译的,语法错误少一点,

第二次世界大战英语简介要有中文翻译的,语法错误少一点,
第二次世界大战英语简介
要有中文翻译的,语法错误少一点,

第二次世界大战英语简介要有中文翻译的,语法错误少一点,
战争的起源
纳粹德国的崛起
在第一次世界大战中,同盟国集团被协约国集团击败.1918年11月,战争结束后,德意志帝国皇帝威廉二世退位,1919年6月28日,德国签署《凡尔赛条约》.1919年7月31日,国民议会在德国南部小城魏玛通过了魏玛宪法,宣告魏玛共和国成立.由于法国曾在1870年的普法战争中受到普鲁士的重创,一战结束后,法国希望能够对德国在经济上进行报复,并最终削弱这个强大的邻国.《凡尔赛条约》对德国实行条件极为严厉的经济与军事制裁,德意志帝国失去了13%的国土和12%的人口,德国被解除武装,德国的国防军被控制在10万人以下,不准拥有空军.德国虽然在一战中最后战败,但德意志帝国的元气并未受到过多的伤害,工业体系依然保存完整,而且德国本土并未受到战火的波及,《凡尔赛条约》过多的只考虑战胜国的利益分配,条约的空前苛刻性和掠夺本质,加上德国国内普遍不承认军事上战败.使得德国国民对《凡尔赛条约》有极强的抵触和反感情绪,引发了德国普通民众强烈的民族复仇主义情绪.在经历了短暂的平稳期后,外不能排除外侮,内不能解决内患的魏玛共和国在1929年的全球金融危机中遭到重创,这个脆弱的共和国面临著严重的经济问题,濒临破产的边缘,德国人民生活非常艰难,这为德国极端右翼势力的兴起提供了良机.由阿道夫·希特勒所领导的德国国家社会主义工人党（简称纳粹党[Nazi]）就是其中之一,他宣称德国的困境之根源来自于战后强加给德国的严厉条款、懦弱的魏玛共和国以及被指称握有国家经济命脉的犹太人.他的理论受到越来越多德国人的支持,到1933年时纳粹党已经从一个微不足道的小党一跃成为国会内第一大党.1933年1月30日,总统兴登堡元帅正式任命希特勒为共和国总理.与此同时,希特勒政府通过行使宪法赋予总统在紧急情况下的特殊权力来执行公务,这些权力令希特勒可越过联邦议会进行实际独裁统治.此时,魏玛共和国走到了其政治生命的终点,取而代之的是德意志第三帝国.为了摆脱英法等国对德意志帝国的束缚,希特勒在上台之初就因扩军备战计划受到限制而于1933年10月宣布退出英法控制的国际联盟.1934年8月2日兴登堡去世后,希特勒又依据宪法继任了总统,成为了第三帝国唯一的真正拥有实权的领袖,在德语中称为“元首”.
希特勒并不是只会叫嚣喊空话的政客,他上台后迅速重建了德国的秩序,加上他具备远见,让社会底层的劳动阶级也能享有过去所没有的福利,因而德国人对希特勒的支持率大幅提升.英法等列强见到已经无法借由凡尔赛合约压榨德意志帝国,立刻转变态度与德国合作.此时的德意志帝国内部已经政局稳定,纳粹党人稳固了自己的政权后,开始将重心放到外交方面,并采取了多个冒险的行动.
意大利的法西斯势力登场
一战后,意大利中央政府无法控制地方,全国面临无政府状态,共产党人与社会党人控制着工会,很多人担心布尔什维克式的共产革命将席卷意大利.
在几个自由政府无法解决这些威胁后,国王维克多·爱麦虞埃三世在1922年10月30日邀请右翼政客墨索里尼以及他所领导的法西斯党组成政府.法西斯党人上台后依然保留自己的非正规武装,用以打击无政府主义者、共产党人和社会主义者.在几年时间内,墨索里尼就巩固了自己的独裁地位,意大利也沦为一个警察国家.
1929年世界性的经济萧条严重冲击了意大利,墨索里尼断定殖民地扩张是减轻国内经济压力所必需的,进而走向了扩张的道路.1935年1月7日,墨索里尼与法国外长皮埃尔·赖伐尔签署了意法条约.10月3日,意大利军团入侵独立的阿比西尼亚（今埃塞俄比亚）,在经过一场长达7个月的战役之后,阿比西尼亚被征服.1936年,意大利加入日德《反共产国际协定》,由此,德意日三国轴心初步形成.同年,意大利和德国一同支持西班牙佛朗哥政权发动叛乱,西班牙内战爆发,1939年西班牙共和政府被颠覆.在眼见德国把欧洲局势推向战争边缘的时候,墨索里尼趁火打劫,于1939年4月7日,占领阿尔巴尼亚.
在遭到国际联盟谴责侵略阿比西尼亚后,1937年意大利也退出了国际联盟.意大利与同样退出国联的纳粹德意志帝国在1939年5月缔结了《钢铁条约》,从而加强了罗马-柏林轴心.1940年9月27日,德意志帝国和意大利又接受了日本加入轴心国,签署《三国公约》,罗马-柏林-东京轴心就此正式形成.
日本的军国主义化
在太平洋地区,战争的硝烟从1930年代早期就开始弥漫.日本鼎承其大陆政策,图谋征服中国.1931年9月18日,日本关东军在中国的东北发动九一八事变,并迅速占领中国的东三省,成立由关东军控制的伪满洲国.
日本对中国的侵略,在中国东北扶植满洲国政权的行动遭到国际联盟谴责,导致日本最终退出了国际联盟.在日本,法西斯主义势力开始抬头,具有浓厚法西斯色彩的秘密社团发动了数次暗杀行动.经济的大萧条导致民选政府逐渐丧失了政府的控制权,军人开始执政,军部作为日本军事力量的司令部被赋予比以前更多的权力,法西斯主义在军队中蔓延,很多时候军队可以为自身的利益而不是国家利益采取行动.在1936年二二六兵变之后,另外一部分法西斯分子控制了军部,使得军部代替日本内阁成为日本的最高权力机关.此时日本已经进入法西斯主义的时代.
War's origin Nazi Germany rises in the First World War, the ally group is defeated by the allies group. in November, 1918, after the war ended, German empire Emperor William two th abdicated, on June 28, 1919, Germany signed "the Versailles Treaty". on July 31, 1919, the National assembly small town Wei Ma passed Wei south Germany the Ma constitution, announced that Wei the Ma Republic is tenable. Because France once received Prussia's heavy losses in 1870 franco-prussian war, after a war ended, France hoped that could carry on the retaliation to Germany in the economy, and weakened this formidable neighboring country finally . "the Versailles Treaty" implemented the condition extremely severe economy and the military sanction to Germany, the German empire has lost 13% national territory and 12% populations, Germany by the disarmament, Germany's national defense troop is controlled below 100,000 people, did not permit to have the air force. Although as soon as Germany in fights defeats finally, but the German empire's vitality has not received excessively many injuries, the industrial system still preserves completely, moreover the German native place has not received the flames of war affect, "the Versailles Treaty" the excessively many consideration victorious nation's benefit assignment only, treaty unprecedented harsh and the plundering essence, Germany domestic did not acknowledge generally in addition in the military defeats. Causes the German nationals has the greatly strengthened contradiction and the repugnance mood to "the Versailles Treaty", has initiated the German ordinary populace's intense nationality revanchism mood. After having experienced the short stationary phase, outside cannot remove the foreign aggression, in could not solve trouble Wei the Ma Republic to encounter the heavy losses in 1929 whole world financial crisis, this frail Republic was facing the serious economic problem, bordered on bankrupt the edge, Germany lives of the people are difficult, this emerged for Germany Violent right wing has provided the good opportunity. Germany national socialism Worker's Party which leads by Adolph · Hitler (i.e. Nazi party [Nazi]) is one of them, he declared that the Germany's root of difficult position from postwar imposes on Germany's severe provision, spiritless Wei the Ma Republic as well as was claimed holds the state economy life Jew. His theory receives more and more German's supports, to 1933 when as soon as the Nazi party already leapt into Congress from a not worthy of mentioning small party the first big party. on January 30, 1933, president Hindenburg Marshal permanent appointment Hitler for Republic premier. Meanwhile, Hitler the government through exercises the constitution to entrust with president's in emergency case special authority performance of official functions, these authorities make Hitler to be possible to cross the Federal parliament to carry on the actual dictatorship rule. This time, Wei the Ma Republic has arrived at its political survival end point, what displaces is the German third empire. In order to get rid of countries and so on England and France to the German empire fetter, because Hitler prepares for the plan at the beginning of coming on stage on the expansion of armaments to be restricted, but in October, 1933 announced that withdraws from the League of Nations which England and France control. after on August 2, 1934 Hindenburg died, Hitler succeeded president based on the constitution, only became the third empire to have the real power leader truly, was called “the state head” in German. Hitler will not be will only clamor shouted empty talk the politician, after he will come on stage, has reconstructed Germany's order rapidly, in addition he will have the foresight, lets welfare which the social first floor the work social class could also enjoy does not have in the past, thus the German promoted largely to Hitler's support level. Big powers and so on England and France saw that was already unable taking advantage to squeeze the German empire by the Versailles contract, transforms the manner and the German cooperation immediately. This time's German empire interior the political situation was already stable, after Nazi party member stable own political power, starts to put the center of gravity to the diplomatic aspect, and has taken many risk actions.
Italy's Fascist influence is taken to the threshing ground one postwar, the Italian Central authorities beyond control place, the nation faced with the anarchy, the Communist and the socialist party people are controlling the trade union, many people worried that Bolshevik's-like communist revolution will sweep across Italy. after several free government inextricability these threats, King Weikeduo · liked Mai Yu Egypt three th inviting the Fascist party which in October 30, 1922 right wing politician Mussolini as well as he led to form the government. After the Fascist party member comes on stage, still retains own non-regular military, with attacks the anarchists, the Communist and the socialist. In several years, Mussolini consolidated his dictatorship status, Italy also degenerated into a police state.
in 1929 the worldwide basis economic depression attacked Italy seriously, Mussolini had concluded that the colony expansion was reduces the domestic economy pressure to, then moved toward the expansion path. on January 7, 1935, Mussolini and French Minister Pierre · Laval has signed the Italian law treaty. On October 3, the Italian regiment invades independent Abyssinia (now Ethiopia), after passing through is 7 month-long the campaigns, Abyssinia is conquered. in 1936, Italy joined date Germany "the Counter-Communist International Agreement", from this, German, Italian and Japanese three countries axle center preliminary formation. In the same year, Italy and Germany support the Spanish Franco regime launch rebellion together, the Spanish civil war erupt, in 1939 the Spanish Republican Government is subverted. In saw with own eyes that Germany pushes to the European situation the brink of war time, Mussolini now's your chance, in April 7, 1939, seized Albania.
After encountering the League of Nations condemns invades Abyssinia, in 1937 Italy also withdrew from the League of Nations. Italy with withdrew from League of Nations's Nazi Germany empire to conclude "Steel and iron Treaty" similarly in May, 1939, thus strengthened the Roman - Berlin axle center. on September 27, 1940, the German empire and Italy accepted Japan to join the axis powers, signed "Three-country Joint pledges", the Roman - Berlin - Tokyo axle center formed officially in light of this.
Japan's militarism in the Pacific section, war's gunsmoke started from 1930 early times to fill the air. The Japanese tripod with two handles receives its continental policy, the scheme conquers China. on September 18, 1931, the Japanese Guandong started 918 emergencies in China's Northeast, and seized China's Three Northeastern Provinces rapidly, establishes puppet Manchuria regime which controlled by the Guandong.
Japan to China's aggression, props up the Manchukuo political power in the Northeast China the motion to encounter the League of Nations to condemn that caused Japan to withdraw from the League of Nations finally. In Japan, the Fascism influence started to gain ground, has the strong Fascist color Secret society to start several times the assassination. Economical the great depression caused the elected by the people government to lose government's domination gradually, the serviceman started to be in power, time the military headquarters entrust with compared to before more authorities as Japan military force's headquarters, the Fascism spread, were many army in the army may for own benefit, but was not the national interest takes the action. After 1936 226 mutinies, other part of Fascist member has controlled the military headquarters, causes the military headquarters to replace the Japanese Cabinet to become Japan's Highest organ of state power. This time Japan already entered Fascism the time.