英语翻译INTRODUCTIONCurrently nearly all primary copper (copper produced frommostly mineral ores) produced in the world is generated bya series of pyrometallurgical processes.While theseprocesses vary somewhat at different facilities,the typicalp

英语翻译INTRODUCTIONCurrently nearly all primary copper (copper produced frommostly mineral ores) produced in the world is generated bya series of pyrometallurgical processes.While theseprocesses vary somewhat at different facilities,the typicalp
英语翻译
INTRODUCTION
Currently nearly all primary copper (copper produced from
mostly mineral ores) produced in the world is generated by
a series of pyrometallurgical processes.While these
processes vary somewhat at different facilities,the typical
process usually operates on a batch or semicontinuous basis
and employs three types of furnace [1]:
1.The smelting furnace,in which copper-iron sulfide concentrates
are heated to temperatures of 1200°-1300°C in the
presence of added silica flux and other added copper-bearing
materials.As the material melts,partial oxidation of the
iron sulfide in the concentrate results in the formation of a
molten silicate slag with a high 70%) FeO content and a
molten sulfide matte with a high (55-60%) percentage of
copper.Smelting is typically carried out in flash furnaces,
so named because the kinetics of the reaction of finely
ground concentrate and either oxygen enriched air (the
Outokumpu process) or pure oxygen (the Inco process) are
sufficiently rapid to minimize or eliminate the need for
combustion of added fuel for heat.
2.The converting furnace,in which the molten matte is
further reacted with air and added silica flux.This generates
a high-copper converter slag,which is returned to the
smelter and blister copper,so-named due to blisters that
form on its surface as impurity oxygen and sulfur react to
form SO2 bubbles during solidification.Nearly all copper
producers currently use the Peirce-Smith model of converter,
which is best known for the requirement of rocking during
operation in order to receive molten matte and scrap copper,engage in the blowing operation that introduces the
air,and again to tap molten slag and metal.Newer models
of converter have done away with the need for such movement
[2],but the Peirce-Smith is likely to be the most popular
model of converter for some time to come.

英语翻译INTRODUCTIONCurrently nearly all primary copper (copper produced frommostly mineral ores) produced in the world is generated bya series of pyrometallurgical processes.While theseprocesses vary somewhat at different facilities,the typicalp
介绍
目前,几乎所有的主要铜(铜所产生的
主要矿种)是世界上生产所产生的
一系列的pyrometallurgical过程.虽然这些
在不同设施过程略有差别,典型的
过程通常是批次或连续的基础
并拥有三种炉(1):
1.冶炼炉,在青海某复杂难选铜硫化物精矿
温度是加热至1200°C的-1300°吗
添加的气体流量存在copper-bearing和其他补充说
材料.为材料的熔体,部分氧化法
在铁精矿中硫化物的形成的结果
熔融硅酸盐渣具有高(~70%)FeO内容和一个
以高熔融硫化物冰铜(55-60%)的百分比
铜.通常是进行冶炼炉,在闪光
这样命名是因为这个反应的动力学精制而成
地面集中和丰富了空气(或氧气
Outokumpu过程)或纯氧(国际镍业公司)是过程
足够快减少或消除需要
添加燃料燃烧取暖.
2.转换的炉,熔融冰铜
进一步反应气体流量对空气和补充.这会产生
一个high-copper转炉炉渣,这是回到了
so-named铜冶炼厂和水泡,水泡,由于
在它的表面形式作为杂质氧和硫的反应
在凝固过程中SO2的泡沫形成.几乎所有的铜
制片人最近用Peirce-Smith模型转换器,
这是最著名的摇摆在的要求吗
为了获得熔化操作哑光和报废铜、从事操作,介绍了吹
空气,再到水龙头熔渣和金属.更新模型
对转炉已放弃需要这类运动
[2]的基础上,但Peirce-Smith很可能是最受欢迎的
模型对转炉未来一段时间内.