谁能给一些关于外国介绍的英文文章要概括性强的,不要零散的小文章,是关于一些大国的,最好是关于该国的风土人情及一些标志性建筑物的.
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谁能给一些关于外国介绍的英文文章要概括性强的,不要零散的小文章,是关于一些大国的,最好是关于该国的风土人情及一些标志性建筑物的.
谁能给一些关于外国介绍的英文文章
要概括性强的,不要零散的小文章,是关于一些大国的,最好是关于该国的风土人情及一些标志性建筑物的.
谁能给一些关于外国介绍的英文文章要概括性强的,不要零散的小文章,是关于一些大国的,最好是关于该国的风土人情及一些标志性建筑物的.
1,Albany plan of Union
Benjamin Franklin proposed a plan for uniting the seven colonies that greatly exceeded the scope of the congress. However, after considerable debate, and modifications proposed by Thomas Hutchinson who would later become Governor of Massachusetts, it was passed unanimously. The plan was submitted as a recommendation but was rejected by both King George II and the legislatures of the individual seven colonies since it would remove some of their existing powers.
Benjamin Franklin's cartoon, encouraging support for the Congress
The Union was planned to include all the British North American colonies, except Delaware and Georgia. The plan called for a single executive (President-General) to be appointed by the King, who would be responsible for Indian relations, military preparedness, and execution of laws regulating various trade and financial activities. It called for a Grand Council to be selected by the colonial legislatures where the number of delegates would be based on the taxes paid by each colony. Even though rejected, some features of this plan were later adopted in the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution.
2,Battle of Bunker Hill
The Battle of Bunker Hill took place on June 17, 1775, as part of the Siege of Boston during the American Revolutionary War. It is considered by some to be the bloodiest battle of the war. General Israel Putnam was in charge of the revolutionary forces, and Major General William Howe commanded the British forces. Among historians, it is debated whether General Israel Putnam or Colonel William Prescott, the revolutionaries' second in charge, ordered the troops, "Don't shoot until you see the whites of their eyes!" Although the battle is known as "Bunker Hill", most of the fighting took place on Breed's Hill nearby. On their third assault the British forces overran the revolutionaries' fortified earthworks on Breed's and Bunker Hill. The battle was a Pyrrhic victory for the British, who suffered more than 1000 casualties. Howe's immediate objective was achieved, but the attack demonstrated the American will to stand in pitched battle and did not change the status of the siege. After the battle, British General Henry Clinton remarked in his diary that "A few more such victories would have surely put an end to British dominion in America."
3,Battle of Saratoga
The Battle of Saratoga in July and October 1777 was a decisive American victory that was to result in France entering the conflict on behalf of the Americans during the American Revolutionary War.
The capture of a British Army secured the northern American states from further attacks out of Canada and prevented New England from being isolated. It emboldened France to join the war on behalf of the Americans.
4,Battle of Yorktown
The Siege of Yorktown (1781) was a victory by a combined American and French force led by General George Washington, the Marquis de Lafayette, and the French General Comte de Rochambeau over a British army commanded by General Lord Charles Cornwallis. The surrender of Cornwallis's army caused the British government to negotiate an end to the American Revolutionary War.
5,Battle of Lexington and Concord
The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first battles of the American Revolutionary War. They were fought on April 19, 1775, in Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, within the towns of Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Menotomy (Arlington), and Cambridge, near Boston. The battles marked the outbreak of open armed conflict between Great Britain and its thirteen colonies in the mainland of British North America.
About 800 British Army regulars under Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith were ordered to capture military supplies that were reportedly stored by the Massachusetts militia at Concord. The Patriot colonists had received intelligence weeks before the expedition which warned of an impending British search. At this, the colonists moved nearly all the supplies to safety. They had also received details about British plans on the night before the battle, and information was rapidly supplied to the militia.
The first shots were fired in a skirmish at Lexington during the British Army's advance. The militia were outnumbered and fled. Other patriot soldiers at the North Bridge in Concord fought three companies of the king's troops. The British Army broke ranks and fled from the Minutemen after a pitched battle in open territory.
More Minutemen arrived in the following hours and inflicted heavy damage on the British regulars returning from Concord. Smith's expedition was rescued upon returning to Lexington by reinforcements under Hugh, earl Percy, later 2nd Duke of Northumberland. This combined force of around 1,900 marched back to Boston under heavy fire in a successful tactical withdrawal and eventually reached the safety of Charlestown.
The British failed to maintain the secrecy and speed required to conduct a successful strike into hostile territory, and they seized no weapons of significance. Most British regulars returned to Boston unharmed. The occupation of surrounding areas by the Massachusetts Militia that evening marked the beginning of the Siege of Boston.
The battles are known as the "shot heard 'round the world," described in Ralph Waldo Emerson's Concord Hymn.
6,Beginning of the French and Indian War
The French and Indian War was the nine-year North American chapter of the Seven Years' War. The conflict resulted in the British acquiring Canada, while Spain gained Louisiana (New France) in compensation for its loss of Florida to the British. French administrative presence in North America was almost completely removed and the Aboriginal people of North America were decimated, pacified, or moved farther west.
7,Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre is the name commonly given to the killing of five civilians by British troops on March 5, 1770, which became a cause celebre among pro-independence groups and helped to eventually spark the American Revolutionary War. Colonists were already resentful of the Townshend Acts. Tensions caused by the heavy military presence in Boston led to brawls between soldiers and civilians, and eventually to troops shooting their muskets into a riotous crowd.
8,Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a direct action protest by the American colonists against Great Britain in which they destroyed many crates of tea bricks on ships in Boston Harbor. The incident, which took place on Thursday, December 16, 1773, has been seen as helping to spark the American Revolution.
9,Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence is the document in which the Thirteen Colonies in North America declared themselves independent of the Kingdom of Great Britain and explained their justifications for doing so. It was ratified by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776. This anniversary is celebrated as Independence Day in the United States. The handwritten copy signed by the delegates to the Congress is on display in the National Archives in Washington, D.C.
10,Declaratory Act
The Declaratory Act (short title 6 George III, c. 12), was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain in 1766, during America's colonial period; one of a series of resolutions passed attempting to regulate the behavior of the colonies. American rebels had organized a boycott in response to the Stamp Act which called into question the right of a distant power to tax them. The Declaratory Act asserted Britain's exclusive right to legislate for and tax its colonies. The taxes were mainly used to finance war debt which had been accumulated during a recent series of wars, part of which (known as the French and Indian War in America) were fought in the colonies.
Colonists responded by loosely interpreting this Act and believed that this Act did not give Britain the power to tax and the Act was just a face-saving measure by Britain after the repeal of the Stamp Act 1765.
This is one of the many British "Acts" that led to colonial unrest and eventually the American Revolution