定语从句语法
来源：学生作业帮助网 编辑：六六作业网 时间：2024/12/23 11:35:45
定语从句语法
定语从句语法
定语从句语法
定语从句
一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause）,顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句.定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句.另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句.定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词.请看示例：The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词 定语从句在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌握,因为汉语里没有定语从句,汉语里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词.二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等.常见的关系代词有：who,that,which.它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：先行词 主格 宾格 所有格人 who whom whose人、物 that that —（一）关系代词who,whom和 whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语.例如：An architect is a person who designs buildings.建筑师是设计房屋的人.I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师.Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first.想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历.whom代替人,是宾格,在定语从句作宾语,在非正式英语常可省略.例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday?昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗?This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生.The girl who I saw is called Mary.我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽.（在非正式英语中,主格who代替了宾格whom,亦可省略）whose一般代替人,有时亦可代替物,是所有格,在定语从句作定语.例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad.其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学.Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here?我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字,你知道吗?（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel,正式用法应该用of which.whose window=the window of which,意思是：the window of the hotel.）【透视高考题】真题：Look out!Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair.A.whose B.which C.of which D.that (2006福建卷-22)简析：考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句.whose在这个句子里代替物,whose roof=the roof of which,定语从句用另外一句话表达即为：…The roof of the house is under repair.所以A是正确答案