来一篇塑料膜的英文文献

来一篇塑料膜的英文文献
来一篇塑料膜的英文文献

来一篇塑料膜的英文文献
Polypropylene or polypropene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer,made by the chemical industry and used in a wide variety of applications,including packaging,textiles (e.g.ropes,Under Armour,thermal underwear and carpets),stationery,plastic parts and reusable containers of various types,laboratory equipment,loudspeakers,automotive components,and polymer banknotes.An addition polymer made from the monomer propylene,it is rugged and unusually resistant to many chemical solvents,bases and acids.
Since polypropylene is resistant to fatigue,most plastic living hinges,such as those on flip-top bottles,are made from this material.However,it is important to ensure that chain molecules are oriented across the hinge to maximise strength.
Very thin sheets of polypropylene are used as a dielectric within certain high performance pulse and low loss RF capacitors.
Many plastic items for medical or laboratory use can be made from polypropylene because it can withstand the heat in an autoclave.Its heat resistance also enables it to be used as the manufacturing material of consumer-grade kettles.Food containers made from it will not melt in the dishwasher,and do not melt during industrial hot filling processes.For this reason,most plastic tubs for dairy products are polypropylene sealed with aluminium foil (both heat-resistant materials).After the product has cooled,the tubs are often given lids made of a less heat-resistant material,such as LDPE or polystyrene.Such containers provide a good hands-on example of the difference in modulus,since the rubbery (softer,more flexible) feeling of LDPE with respect to PP of the same thickness is readily apparent.Rugged,translucent,reusable plastic containers made in a wide variety of shapes and sizes for consumers from various companies such as Rubbermaid and Sterilite are commonly made of polypropylene,although the lids are often made of somewhat more flexible LDPE so they can snap on to the container to close it.Polypropylene can also be made into disposable bottles to contain liquid,powdered or similar consumer products,although HDPE and polyethylene terephthalate are commonly also used to make bottles.Plastic pails,car batteries,wastebaskets,cooler containers,dishes and pitchers are often made of polypropylene or HDPE,both of which commonly have rather similar appearance,feel,and properties at ambient temperature.
Polypropylene is a major polymer used in non wovens (see nonwovens).Over 50% being used in diapers or sanitary products where it is treated to absorb water (hydrophillic)rather than naturally repelling water(hydrophobic)Other interesting non woven uses include filters for air,gas and liquids where the fibers can be formed into sheets or webs that can be pleated to form cartridges or layers that filter in various efficiencies in the 0.5 to 30 micron range.Such applications could be seen in the house as water filters or air conditioning type filters.The high surface area and natural hydrophobic polypropylene non wovens are ideal absorbers of oil spills with the familiar floating barriers near oil spills on rivers.
A common application for polypropylene is as Biaxially Oriented polypropylene (BOPP).These BOPP sheets are used to make a wide variety of materials including clear bags.When polypropylene is biaxially oriented,it becomes crystal clear and serves as an excellent packaging material for artistic and retail products.