译The Role of English in the 21st CenturyThe Role of English in the 21st CenturyThe world is in various stages of social,economic,and demographic transition.Economically and politically,the world has changed more rapidly in the past few years than a

译The Role of English in the 21st CenturyThe Role of English in the 21st CenturyThe world is in various stages of social,economic,and demographic transition.Economically and politically,the world has changed more rapidly in the past few years than a
译The Role of English in the 21st Century
The Role of English in the 21st Century
The world is in various stages of social,economic,and demographic transition.Economically and politically,the world has changed more rapidly in the past few years than at any time since 1945.The emerging global economy is both competitive and interdependent.It reflects the availability of modern communications and production technologies in most parts of the world.So,do we need to be concerned about the future of the English language in the 21st century?According to The Economist (1996),English continues to be the world standard language,and there is no major threat to the language or to its global popularity.But,changes are coming.
Two factors drive this global marketplace.First,many manufactured products have one or more foreign components.Ford cars and IBM computers are just two examples of this.Second,more than half of all imports and exports,which governments label foreign trade,are transacted between domestic companies and their foreign affiliates.
The increasing globalization of the marketplace is forcing companies to pay more attention to international developments.Domestic firms are adjusting their structures and methods of operation to fit a broader and rapidly changing economic environment.They are increasing their geographic outreach because more of their suppliers and customers are located on various continents.For example,last year Johnson and Johnson sold more products outside the United States than in the United States.Hewlett Packard,like many companies,lost money when the Asian economy collapsed.
Joint ventures are no longer just theoretical possibilities.Mergers and acquisitions,like Chrysler/Daimler Benz and MCI and British Telecom,increasingly cross national boundaries.This trend is expected to continue into the next millennium.
This internationalization is illustrated in three ways.First,companies change their basic goals to conform to a global
marketplace.Second,they adapt their products to local markets.But most importantly,they do not set up international bureaucracies; instead,they hire foreign nationals who understand the local markets.
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Why discuss economics with the English language?Because the English language is closely associated with this economic modernization and industrial development.
Information is sent and received at increasing speed.The competitive demands of governments,industries,and corporations,both national and multinational,for technological progress require an understanding of the language of that technology English.
The global spread of English over the last 40 years is remarkable.It is unprecedented in several ways:by the increasing number of users of the language; by its depth of penetration into societies; by its range of functions.
Worldwide over 1.4 billion people live in countries where English has official status.One out of five of the world's
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译The Role of English in the 21st CenturyThe Role of English in the 21st CenturyThe world is in various stages of social,economic,and demographic transition.Economically and politically,the world has changed more rapidly in the past few years than a
英语在 21 世纪的角色
世界在社会、经济、和人口统计学转变的各种不同阶段中. 经济上和政治地,世界在过去几年内已经更快速改变超过自从 1945 以后随时. 初现的全球经济是既竞争的且相互依赖的. 它在世界的大多数地方中反映现代沟通和生产技术的有效. 因此, 我们需要在21世纪中关心英文语言的未来吗依照经济学者 (1996) ,英语继续是世界标准语言,而且没有对语言的主要威胁或对它的全球名声. 但是, 变化即将到来.
二个因素驾驶这个全球的市场. 首先,许多制造品有一或更多的外国成份. 福特汽车和 IBM 计算机只是这二个例子.其次, 非常一半输入而且输出, 哪一个政府标签国际贸易, 在国内的公司和他们的外国加入者之间被办理.
市场的逐渐增加全球化正在强迫公司对国际的发展给予较多的注意. 国内的公司正在调整他们的操作的结构和方法适合一比较宽广的而且快速地变更经济的环境.因为他们的供应者的更多和客户位于各种不同的大陆之上,所以他们正在增加他们的地理外展. 举例来说,去年詹森和詹森在美国以外卖了较多的产品超过在美国. Hewlett Packard, 像许多公司,当亚洲经济倒塌的时候失去了资金.合资是不再正直的理论上的可能性. 合并和获得, 像克莱斯勒/戴姆勒宾士汽车和 MCI 和英国电讯, 逐渐地越过国界. 这一个趋势被期望进入下个一千年之内继续.
这国际化在三个方法中被举例. 首先,公司改变他们的基本目标遵照一全球的市场. 其次,他们使他们的产品配合当地的市场. 但是最重要地,他们不建立国际的官僚; 相反的,他们雇请了解当地的市场的外国的国民.