奥斯特洛夫斯基 英语简介中英对照

奥斯特洛夫斯基 英语简介中英对照
奥斯特洛夫斯基 英语简介
中英对照

奥斯特洛夫斯基 英语简介中英对照
Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky (Russian:Александр Николаевич Островский) (12 April [O.S.31 March] 1823–14 June [O.S.2 June] 1886) was a Russian playwright.
奥斯特洛夫斯基（1823年四月十二日---1886年六月十四日）
Life and work
生活和工作
Ostrovsky graduated from the First Moscow Gymnasium (1835 – 1840) and then studied law at Moscow State University (1840 - 1843),which he left without having taken the final examination.
奥斯特洛夫斯基1835 – 1840在莫斯科第一体育馆（学习）,然后,他在莫斯科州立大学学习法律（1840 – 1843）.可是却没有参加最后的考试（没有正规毕业）
He was then employed as a clerk in the office of the Court of Conscience,and subsequently in that of
后来,他成国了良心法庭办公室的雇员,并且紧接着,他又当上了莫斯科商业法庭的雇员.
the Commercial Court in Moscow.
现在有点事要忙,剩下的,迟一点给你

Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky (Russian: Александр Николаевич Островский) (12 April [O.S. 31 March] 1823–14 June [O.S. 2 June] 1886) was a Russian playwright.
Life and work
Ostrovsky graduat...

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Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky (Russian: Александр Николаевич Островский) (12 April [O.S. 31 March] 1823–14 June [O.S. 2 June] 1886) was a Russian playwright.
Life and work
Ostrovsky graduated from the First Moscow Gymnasium (1835 - 1840) and then studied law at Moscow State University (1840 - 1843), which he left without having taken the final examination.
He was then employed as a clerk in the office of the Court of Conscience, and subsequently in that of the Commercial Court in Moscow. Both tribunals were called upon to settle disputes chiefly among the Russian merchant class, from which Ostrovsky was thus enabled to draw the chief characters for his earliest comedies. Among these are The Poor Bride (Bednaya nevesta), Poverty Is No Crime (Bednost' ne porok), and Don't Put Yourself In Another Man's Sledge (Ne v svoi sani ne sadis'). Of this last Nicholas I said it was not a play, but a lesson. The uncultured, self-satisfied merchant class is strikingly portrayed in The Tempest and Svoi lyudi - sochtyomsya!.
The last-mentioned comedy was prohibited for ten years, until the accession of Alexander II, and Ostrovsky was dismissed from the government service and placed under the supervision of the police. The liberal tendencies of the new reign, however, soon brought relief. Ostrovsky was one of several well-known literary men who were sent into the provinces to report on the condition of the people. Ostrovsky's area of inquiry lay along the upper Volga, a part of the country memorable for some of the most important events in Russian history.

Alexander Ostrovsky Russian Dramatist beside the Malyi TheatreThis mission induced him to write several historical dramas of great merit, such as Kozma Zakhar'yich Minin-Sukhoruk (the full name of the famous butcher who saved Moscow from the Poles), The False Dmitriy and Vasily Shuisky, Vassilisa Melentieva (the name of a favorite court lady of Ivan the Terrible) and the comedy Voyevoda. Many of his later works treat of the Russian nobility, and include Beshaniye Dengi, Bespridannitsa, and Volki i Ovtsi; others relate to the world of actors, such as Les, Bez viny vinovatiy, and Talanty i Poklonniki.
Ostrovskiy enjoyed the patronage of Alexander III, and received a pension of 3000 rubles a year. With the help of Moscow capitalists, he established the Malyi Theatre as a model theatre and school of dramatic art, of which he became the first director. He also founded the Society of Russian Dramatic Art and Opera Composers.
Ostrovsky died on his way to his estate in Kostroma.
Works adapted in music
Several of Ostrovsky's plays have been turned into operas, mostly by Russian composers.
His early comedy Live Not As You Would Like To [Не так живи, как хочется] (1854) was adapted as the tragic opera The Power of the Fiend (premiered in 1871) by Alexander Serov.
Particularly, the play The Storm [Гроза] inspired many operas and other works.
The historical drama The Voyevoda (Dream on the Volga) was transformed into two operas: one by Tchaikovsky (as The Voyevoda) and later another by Anton Arensky entitled Dream on the Volga. Tchaikovsky also later wrote incidental music for a scene in the play.
The most notable Russian opera based on an Ostrovsky play is Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's Snow Maiden. Tchaikovsky also wrote incidental music for this play.

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