英语倒装!部分倒装和全部倒装碰到代词的情况!…………
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英语倒装!部分倒装和全部倒装碰到代词的情况!…………
英语倒装!部分倒装和全部倒装碰到代词的情况!…………
英语倒装!部分倒装和全部倒装碰到代词的情况!…………
一 全部倒装
全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前.此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时.常见的结构有:
1.here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run.例如:
1) There goes the bell.铃声渐渐消失了.
2) Then came the chairman.然后主席就来了
3) Here is your letter.这是你的信.
2.表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词.例如:
1) Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.轰炸机下面发出了一颗导弹.
2) Ahead sat an old woman.
注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装.例如:
1) Here he comes.他来了.
2) Away they went.他们走了.
二 部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前.如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前.
1.句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,at no time,in no way,not until… 等.例如:
1) Never have I seen such a performance.我从来没看过这样的表演.
2) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.你在哪儿都不会找到这个问题的答案.
3) Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.妈妈直到孩子睡着才离开房间.
注意:当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装.
注意:如否定词不在句首不倒装.例如:
1) I have never seen such a performance.我从来没看过这样的表演.
2) The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.妈妈直到孩子睡着才离开房间.
2.带有否定意义的词放在句首,语序需要部分倒装.常见的词语有:not ,never ,seldom ,scarcely ,barely ,little ,at no time ,not only ,not once ,under on condition ,hardly … when ,no sooner …than …等.例如:
1) Not only did he refuse the gift,he also severely criticized the sender.他不仅拒收了礼品,还狠狠批评了送礼的人.
2) Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.她刚要出门时有个学生来找她.
3) No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.她刚要走时一个学生来看她.
注意:只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构.如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构.例如:
Not only you but also I am fond of music.我和你都喜欢音乐.
3.表示"也"、"也不" 的so,neither,nor放在句首时,句子作部分倒装.例如:
1) Tom can speak French.So can Jack.Tom能说法语,我也能.
2) If you won't go,neither will I.如果你不去,我也不去.
注意:当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构.意为"的确如此".例如:
1) Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.Tom让我去踢足球,我去了.
2) ---It's raining hard.---So it is.---雨下得很大.---的确很大.
4.only放在句首,强调状语(副词,介词短语或状语从句等),全句语序要部分倒装.例如:
Only in this way,can you learn English well.你只有用这种方法才能学好英语.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.他被请了三次才来开会.
注意:如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装
Only when he is seriously ill,does he ever stay in bed.他只有病得非常严重时才会卧床休息.
三 as,though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 (形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前).此时应注意:1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词;2) 句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后.如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前.例如:
Try hard as he will,he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.尽管他愿意努力工作,但是他好像从来都不能令他的工作満意.
注意:让步状语从句中,有though,although时,后面的主句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可连用.
四 其他部分倒装
1.so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时,需倒装.例如:
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.他害怕得动都不敢动.
2.在某些表示祝愿的句型中,例如:
May you all be happy.望大家开心愉快.
3.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词,可将if 省略,把 were,had,should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装.例如:
Were I you,I would try it again.如果我是你,我就再试一次.