求同位语从句专练题目,多点但最好取一些精华,我想差不多了解了定语从句和同位语从句的区别,原因的话如果有也可以,如果没有我自己理解

求同位语从句专练题目,多点但最好取一些精华,我想差不多了解了定语从句和同位语从句的区别,原因的话如果有也可以,如果没有我自己理解
求同位语从句专练题目,多点但最好取一些精华,我想差不多了解了定语从句和同位语从句的区别,
原因的话如果有也可以,如果没有我自己理解

求同位语从句专练题目,多点但最好取一些精华,我想差不多了解了定语从句和同位语从句的区别,原因的话如果有也可以,如果没有我自己理解
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别
同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面:
从词类上区别
同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词?而定语从句的先行词可以是名词?代词?主句的一部分或是整个主句?如:
The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性?(同位语从句)
We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题?(同位语从句)
Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了?(同位语从句)
Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴?(定语从句)
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面?(定语从句)
His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习?(定语从句,代词all作先行词?)
从性质上区别
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴?如:
The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的?(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息?)
The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的?(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?)
I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有?(同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言?)
The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺?(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语?)
从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句?如:
That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑?(同位语从句)
I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事?(同位语从句)
引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略?that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替?如:
The order that we 焥hould send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了?(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略?)
The order 焧hat we received yesterday was that we 焥hould send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组?(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略?)
最后我们在一起来做三道练习题:
Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.(2004上海春季高考)
which B. that
what D. whether
The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004上海春季高考)
as B. which
what D. that
Luckily,we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way. (2004北京春季高考)
it B. that
this D. which
答案:1. B 2. B 3. D
定语从句和同位语从句的区别
黑龙江 于淑杰
定语从句和同位语从句是英语中两种比较重要且常用的从句,在历届高考中容易出现.而这两种从句有一定的相似性,不少学生难以分清,常常误用,高考中失分较多.现将这两种从句的区别浅析如下,以帮助那些使用这两种从句有困难的学生.
一、从语法功能和概念上辨别
定语从句是形容词性的从句,是对前面名词的性质、特征进行描述,它与先行词（前面的名词）是修饰与被修饰的关系：而同位语从句是名词性从句,是对前面名词作进一步的补充性解释说明,它与前面的名词是同位关系,即前面名词是从句的概括总结,从句是前面名词的具体内容,且名词与该同位语从句有逻辑上的主表关系.如：
①.I will tell you piece of news that you may not have heard.
②.The news that he had won the first prize in the competition made us very happy.
? ①句中的 that 从句是对 news 起修饰和限定作用的,所以该句为定语从句.②句中
的 that 从句是对 news 的内容做解释说明,且 news 与 that 从句在逻辑上是主表关系,可以说 The news was that he had won the first prize in the competition. 所以该句为同位语从句.
二、从先行词上辨别
定语从句的先行词没有限定,举不胜举：而同位语从句的先行词仅限于具有一定内容的抽象名词,如： idea （想法,主意）、 news （消息）、 answer （答复）、 fact （事实）、 hope (希望)、 thought (想法)、 belief (信仰)、 message (信息)、 possibility (可能性)等.
三、从引导词上辨别
引导定语从句的 that 为关系代词,在从句中充当主语或宾语,指物时可用 which
替换,当它在定语从句中做宾语时可以省略；而引导同位语从句的 that 为连词,在从句
中不充当任何成分,但不可以省略,且不能用 which 代替.如：
1．The news (that/which)he told me yesterday is not true. （定语从句）
? 2．The news that he will go to Beijing is not true. （同位语从句）
? 3．At the meeting he expressed the hope (that/which)we wanted to express. （定语从句）
? 4.At the meeting he expressed the hope that he wanted to go abroad to further study. （同位语从句）
四、从语气上辨别
从句位于少数几个名词,如 suggestion,advice,order,request 等后时,同位语从句的谓语动词必须用虚拟语气,既 should ＋动词原形, should可以省略;而定语从句则没有这一要求.如：
? The advice that we (should) build a school in that small village was supported by all of us. （同位语从句）
? The advice that he gave was supported by all of us. （定语从句）