英语独立主格结构问题Not far from the school there was a garden,its owner seated in it playing chess with sb.其中,its owner seated 及其后部分均为独立主格结构,按照 名词/代词+doing或done的形式,这里的seated是表被
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英语独立主格结构问题Not far from the school there was a garden,its owner seated in it playing chess with sb.其中,its owner seated 及其后部分均为独立主格结构,按照 名词/代词+doing或done的形式,这里的seated是表被
英语独立主格结构问题
Not far from the school there was a garden,its owner seated in it playing chess with sb.
其中,its owner seated 及其后部分均为独立主格结构,按照 名词/代词+doing或done的形式,这里的seated是表被动的,可我并没有发现其被动的意义,不能说owner"被坐下"吧?seat本身就有使...某人坐下的意思,这里怎么解释呢?
英语独立主格结构问题Not far from the school there was a garden,its owner seated in it playing chess with sb.其中,its owner seated 及其后部分均为独立主格结构,按照 名词/代词+doing或done的形式,这里的seated是表被
be seated是一个固定词组,和sit down一个意思,并不是被动,seated的确是一种状态,并不是被动的意思.相似的结构像“陷入沉思中”,He was lost in thought.变成独立主格的时候,也是写成 lost in thought,被动意义也不明显.也就是说如果这个词组是be done 的形式,它在变成独立主格或者分词做状语的的时候,就用done.
人称代词里的:主格放在句首做主语和表语,宾格放在句末或句中做动词和介词的宾语.
打个比方,主人邀请宾客,主格就像主人,宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面,宾格在动词或介词后面。
英语中的人称代词(Personal Pronouns)有主格、宾格和之分,如:
I, me, my ; he, him, his ; they, them,their等。
顾名思义,主格(...
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人称代词里的:主格放在句首做主语和表语,宾格放在句末或句中做动词和介词的宾语.
打个比方,主人邀请宾客,主格就像主人,宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面,宾格在动词或介词后面。
英语中的人称代词(Personal Pronouns)有主格、宾格和之分,如:
I, me, my ; he, him, his ; they, them,their等。
顾名思义,主格(The nominative case)用作主语,宾格(The objective case)用作宾语,所有格(The possessive case)则表示所有之物。
在实际运用中,主格和宾格代词有时会混淆。下面是常见的问题:
⒈在复合结构里,人称代词的主格和宾格在单独使用时,没有问题,如很少人会犯下这样的错误:
*(1)Wilcox spoke to I.
*(2)Her knew what had happened.
但在复合结构中,错误就难免了,如:
*(3)Wilcox spoke to my friend and I.
*(4)He and her knew what had happened.
*(5)This is between you and he.
这种错误是可避免的。第一,在有介词的复合结构中,特别要注意,第二个人称代词,必须用宾语,如:"for you and me"和 "between Maria and him"。第二,试把复合结构中的另一部分暂时用括号围起来,那么该用的格就容易辨别了,如:
(6)This message is for (My father and) I or me.
(7)(Marry and) he or him went downtown together.
显然的,(5)里的代词是宾格的"me", (6)里的代词是主格的"he"。
⒉在比较结构里,连接词"as"或"than"后面,按理用主格式,但在口语中,人们常用宾格形式,学美式英语者,更是如此:
(8)a. You did as well as she.
b. You did as well as her.
(9)a. I am older than he.
b. I am older than him.
(a)和(b)两种说法,都可接受。但如果"as"和"than"后头分句的主语和词动都要完整出现的话,这时的人称代词,就必须是主格,如下:
(10)You did as well as she did.
(11)I am older than he is .
此外,还有一点要注意,就是"as"和"than"后面虽然在语法上用主格好,用宾格也可,但是有时意思会有所不同。试比较(a)和(b):
(12)a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I.
b. Jason praised Maria more highly than me.
(12)a和b都被接受,但(12)a等于(13)a,而(12)b等于(13)B:
(13)a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I did (= I praised Maria).
b. Jason praised Maria more highly than he praised me.
显然,这两句的深层意思大有差别。遇到这种情形,为了避免误解,不妨根据要表达的意思用完整的句式表达出来。换句话说,必要的话,要用(13)这句子。
不然,把(13)a变成(14), (13)b变成(15)也可:
(14)I did not praise Maria as highly as Jason did.
(15)Jason did not praise me as highly as he praised Maria.
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seated 这里用形容词词性 表状态 adj. 坐着的
be seated 坐下 表状态