请教英语不定式被动语态语法问题Seven different gifts are to be distributed among 10 children.这句话能写成Seven different gifts are distributed among 10 children.为什么要加上不定式的被动语态?意思改变了吗?

请教英语不定式被动语态语法问题Seven different gifts are to be distributed among 10 children.这句话能写成Seven different gifts are distributed among 10 children.为什么要加上不定式的被动语态?意思改变了吗?
请教英语不定式被动语态语法问题
Seven different gifts are to be distributed among 10 children.
这句话能写成Seven different gifts are distributed among 10 children.为什么要加上不定式的被动语态?意思改变了吗?

请教英语不定式被动语态语法问题Seven different gifts are to be distributed among 10 children.这句话能写成Seven different gifts are distributed among 10 children.为什么要加上不定式的被动语态?意思改变了吗?
这里不是动词不定式的被动语态,而是情态动词短语be to加被动语态的动词原形,这里的be to表示将来的含义.意思是“7件礼物将要被分给10个孩子.”去掉be to,就是一般现在时的用法.
be to还有可能,必须的意思.比如说：
Rules are to be observed.
He was never to see his family.
Nowhere is he to be found.
希望我能帮助你解疑释惑.

加了动词不定式，说的是一种目的，意为，这些礼物是用来分给孩子们的，（不能有其他用途）在10分钟内完成
要是不加to be， 那就是这些礼物现在正在被分给孩子们
你看，意思不一样吧

Seven different gifts are to be distributed among 10 children.

意思是7件礼物将要被分给10个孩子。

你的改的那句，意思是礼物已经分给孩子了，但我觉得时态好像不合适，“Seven different gifts have been distributed among 10 children.” ...

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Seven different gifts are to be distributed among 10 children.

意思是7件礼物将要被分给10个孩子。

你的改的那句，意思是礼物已经分给孩子了，但我觉得时态好像不合适，“Seven different gifts have been distributed among 10 children.” 比较好点。

礼物是被分发的，所以要被动。然后这里用了be to +infinitive,我觉得是有表示一个决定；或是将要发生的事（类似将来时）。具体的be to +infinitive的用法如下：

然后是关于"be to + infinitive"结构。

• We use be to + infinitive when discussing formal or official arrangements or to give formal instructions or orders and your examples illustrate these aspects very well. 

e.g. The Prime Minister is to make a further visit to Devon next week.

        We are to receive a pay rise in line with inflation in September.

• The be to + infinitive structure is also frequently used in newspaper, radio and television reports to refer to future events. It expresses near certainty that what is forecast will happen. Study the following:

       A man is to appear in court later this morning charged with the murder of the footballer, Darren Gough.

       Work is to begin this week on the new bridge across the Nile north of Aswan.

• We often use be to + infinitive in the if-clause in conditional sentences when talking about preconditions for something to happen. e.g.

       If we are to catch that train, we shall have to leave now.

• Be to + passive infinitive is often used when giving instructions. It is noticeable always on medicine bottles and can be seen on other official notices too:

e.g. To be taken three times a day after meals.

       No food of any kind is to be taken into the examination room.

Note that although this structure is used to talk about current and future arrangements and events, it is configurated in present and past tenses - see the above examples. However, be to + perfect infinitive is sometimes used to show that a planned event did not materialise:

e.g. He was to have appeared in the West End show but broke his collar bone during rehearsals.

They were to have picked strawberries this morning, but the torrential overnight rain made the field too muddy.

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这里 to be distributed是表示将来的一种用法，将要被分配。
下面那句就是 陈述事实了，已经分配了。

意思很不一样。前面一句是be to do形式，其中do又是be+pp(过去分词）形式，be to do的意思是按照计划、规定等等将要做什么或者应该做什么。而第二句是一个一般现在时的句子，意思是报道一个刚刚过去的事情，事情已经发生了。

加了动词不定式表目的的 这句话不能这么改 上一句表示即将要去做的事 而改后的表示过去式了 两句时态不同

be to do在英语词典里的用法其中一项是这样描述的 be to do:used for saying or asking what should be done，意思是：被用作询问或者说明应该去做什么，举个例子：what are we to do?（接下来我们应该做什么？）我觉得很适用这句话，意思是：（接下来）7件不同的礼物应该被发给10个孩子中的7个了。这句话既体现了不定式的将来性又体现了分...

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be to do在英语词典里的用法其中一项是这样描述的 be to do:used for saying or asking what should be done，意思是：被用作询问或者说明应该去做什么，举个例子：what are we to do?（接下来我们应该做什么？）我觉得很适用这句话，意思是：（接下来）7件不同的礼物应该被发给10个孩子中的7个了。这句话既体现了不定式的将来性又体现了分发这个动作should be done。而你所写的句子旨在强调了动作的执行性，换言之，只能理解成是7个不同的礼物分给了10个孩子中的7个。在思维逻辑层面上不太完整，假设，出现了上下文的话，在理解上就会出现断续。（最终解释权归属于麦克米伦高阶英英词典）。

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答：be to+V表示将来，义务，等等。相当于：be going to, should/must等等
本句=Seven different gifts are going to (/should) be distributed among 10 children
七种不同的礼物将分发给10个孩子。
如改成... are distributed 则成为一般现在时的被动语态，表...

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答：be to+V表示将来，义务，等等。相当于：be going to, should/must等等
本句=Seven different gifts are going to (/should) be distributed among 10 children
七种不同的礼物将分发给10个孩子。
如改成... are distributed 则成为一般现在时的被动语态，表示一个经常发生的被动动作，时态不是很好，因为这不是经常发生的事情。如改为were distributed 较好，但意思变了，表示这个被动动作在过去发生过了。

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to do 可以表示将来时，前一句的意思是“将要被分配”，去掉 to do 则是一般现在时