求下列方程组何时有解,并在有解时求其全部解:要求写成解题步骤x1+2x2+x3=12x1+3x2+(a+2)x3=3x1+ax2-2x3=0
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求下列方程组何时有解,并在有解时求其全部解:要求写成解题步骤x1+2x2+x3=12x1+3x2+(a+2)x3=3x1+ax2-2x3=0
求下列方程组何时有解,并在有解时求其全部解:要求写成解题步骤
x1+2x2+x3=1
2x1+3x2+(a+2)x3=3
x1+ax2-2x3=0
求下列方程组何时有解,并在有解时求其全部解:要求写成解题步骤x1+2x2+x3=12x1+3x2+(a+2)x3=3x1+ax2-2x3=0
增广矩阵 (A,b) =
1 2 1 1
2 3 a+2 3
1 a -2 0
r2-2r1,r3-r1
1 2 1 1
0 -1 a 1
0 a-2 -3 -1
r3+(a-2)r2
1 2 1 1
0 -1 a 1
0 0 (a-3)(a+1) a-3
所以 a≠3 且 a≠-1 时,方程组有唯一解.
a=-1时,方程组无解
a=3时,方程组有无穷多解.
x1+2x2+x3=1 1)
2x1+3x2+(a+2)x3=3 2)
x1+ax2-2x3=0 3)
x1+2x2+x3=1
X1=1-2X2-X3 4)
把4)代入2)
2(1-2X2-X3)+3X2+(a+2)x3=3
2-4X2-2X3+3X2+(a+2)x3=3
-X2+ ax3=1
X2...
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x1+2x2+x3=1 1)
2x1+3x2+(a+2)x3=3 2)
x1+ax2-2x3=0 3)
x1+2x2+x3=1
X1=1-2X2-X3 4)
把4)代入2)
2(1-2X2-X3)+3X2+(a+2)x3=3
2-4X2-2X3+3X2+(a+2)x3=3
-X2+ ax3=1
X2=ax3-1 5)
把4)代入3)
1-2X2-X3+ax2-2x3=0
(a-2)X2-3X3+1=0 6)
把5)代入6)
(a-2)(ax3-1)-3X3+1=0
((a-2)aX3-(a-2)a-3X3+1=0
[a²-2a-3]X3-(a-3)=0
a²-2a-3=0时无解
(a-3)(a+1)=0
a=3或a=-1时无解
当a≠3和a≠-1时
X3=(a-3)/ (a-3)(a+1)=1/ (a+1)
X2=ax3-1=-1/ (a+1)
X1=1-2X2-X3=1-2[-1/ (a+1)]- 1/ (a+1)=(a+2)/(a+1)
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