请教二道化学题（AP）(1)What is a reaction mechanism and how does it differ from a balanced chemical equation?(2)Define the following general types of chemical reactions:a.Addition;b.Elimination; b-1.Beta Elimination; b-2.Alpha Elimination;

请教二道化学题（AP）(1)What is a reaction mechanism and how does it differ from a balanced chemical equation?(2)Define the following general types of chemical reactions:a.Addition;b.Elimination; b-1.Beta Elimination; b-2.Alpha Elimination;
请教二道化学题（AP）
(1)What is a reaction mechanism and how does it differ from a balanced chemical equation?
(2)Define the following general types of chemical reactions:
a.Addition;
b.Elimination;
b-1.Beta Elimination;
b-2.Alpha Elimination;
b-3.other than alpha- or beta-;
c.Displacement / Substitution;
d.Rearrangement;
e.Oxidation-Reduction.

请教二道化学题（AP）(1)What is a reaction mechanism and how does it differ from a balanced chemical equation?(2)Define the following general types of chemical reactions:a.Addition;b.Elimination; b-1.Beta Elimination; b-2.Alpha Elimination;
(1)What is a reaction mechanism and how does it differ from a balanced chemical equation?
Ans :
A reaction mechanism provides a detailed step by step description of a reaction.
A balanced equation provides the number of moles of both reactants and products but does not show how the reaction proceeds.
2)Define the following general types of chemical reactions:
a.Addition:
Ans:
Two reactants combine to yield one product.Addition frequently occurs with organic compounds at double ortriple bonds and occasionally at small-sized rings.
b.Elimination:
Ans:
Elimination (Decomposition) is the reverse of addition because two or more atoms or groups are removed from one molecules.
b-1.Beta Elimination:
Ans:
Beta elimination involves removal from adjacent atoms and always leads to an increase in multiple bonding.
b-2.Alpha Elimination:
Ans:
Alpha elimination is the removal from same atom and produces a carbene if this atom is carbon.
b-3.other than alpha- or beta-;
Ans:
If elimination is other than from adjacent atoms or the same atom,a ring results.e.g.Removal from atom once removed (gamma-elimination) affords a three-membered ring.
Decomposition,a kind of elimination,is the energy-catalyzed
breakdown of a molecule into at least two molecule without the
intervention of any other reagent.
c.Displacement / Substitution:
Ans:
This is the replacement of one group by another.When an H is displaced,the reaction is called substitution.
d.Rearrangement:
Ans:
Bonds are scrambled to form an isomer.
e.Oxidation-Reduction.
Ans:
Redox involves transfer to electrons or change in oxidation number.Oxidation of a C is signaled by a decreased in the number of its bonded H's or an increase in its number of bonds to other atoms such as C,O,N,Cl,Br,F,and S.
All these names refer only to the net reaction as given by the cemical equation.For multistep mechanisms,individul steps may be of different types.

我初步翻译了一下，第一题实在不通，实际两者不具可比性：
什么是反应机理，它如何不同于一个平衡的化学方程式
第二题 a加成 b消除 c取代 d重排 e氧化还原
具体的定义建议看相关文献，大学教材上应也有，但翻译我就无能为力了
不过可以看IUPAC的网站，其定义是权威的...

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我初步翻译了一下，第一题实在不通，实际两者不具可比性：
什么是反应机理，它如何不同于一个平衡的化学方程式
第二题 a加成 b消除 c取代 d重排 e氧化还原
具体的定义建议看相关文献，大学教材上应也有，但翻译我就无能为力了
不过可以看IUPAC的网站，其定义是权威的

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