谁能够和我具体地说说英语语法中的虚拟语态吗?

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谁能够和我具体地说说英语语法中的虚拟语态吗?谁能够和我具体地说说英语语法中的虚拟语态吗?谁能够和我具体地说说英语语法中的虚拟语态吗?1.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法(1)若表示与现在事实相反的假设,则条件

谁能够和我具体地说说英语语法中的虚拟语态吗?
谁能够和我具体地说说英语语法中的虚拟语态吗?

谁能够和我具体地说说英语语法中的虚拟语态吗?
1.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法
(1)若表示与现在事实相反的假设,则条件从句中用过去式,主句中用过去将来式(would,should,could,might + 动词原形);若表示某事将来实现的可能性不大,则条件从句中用should + 动词原形也可用“were to+动词原形”或用过去式动词.如:
J I would certainly go if I had time.(现在)
J If it should rain,we wouldn't go out.(将来)
J If I knew German,I would read the paper to you.(现在)
J If he were here,we could ask him.(现在)
(2)若表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句中用过去完成式,主句中用过去将来完成式(should,would,could,might + have + 过去分词).如:
J If I had set off a little earlier,I would have caught the train.
J She would / might have come if she hadn't been so busy.
J If I hadn't taken your advice,I would have made a bad mistake.
J If only you hadn't told him the news.
(3)含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中,如有had,should,were 这三个词的话,在正式或书面语言中可将if省略,再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装.如:
J Had they time(=If they had time),they would certainly come and help us.
J Should it be fine(=If it should be fine),we would go for an outing.
J Were I go(=If I were you),I would go.
(4)若主句从句所指的时间不一致,即条件从句表示与过去事实相反,主句表示与现在事实相反;或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反,主句表真实情况,则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式.如:
J If it had rained last night(过去),It would be very cold today(现在).
J If I had taken your advice(过去),I should have no trouble with the work now(现在).
2.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
在动词suggest,order,demand,propose,request,command,insist等后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气(即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形)来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等.在动词wish /would rather后的宾语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符.如:
J I suggest that we(should)set off at once.
JThe doctor insisted that the patient (should)be X-rayed.
JI wish I were as strong as you.
J I would rather that you hadn't told him.
3.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
在It is necessary/important/strange/natural;It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed;it is a pity等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气,即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形.如:
J It is necessary that he(should)be sent there at once.
JIt is requested that Professor Li(should)give us a speech.
JIt is desired that we(should)get everything ready by tonight.
4.虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法.
在 suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形或只用动词原形.如:
J Our suggestion is that you( should)be the first to go.
J My advice is that we(should)send for Doctor Li.
J Do you know the order that you(should)keep watch?
5.虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的用法
在as if引导的状语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符;在so that,in order that引导的状语从句中,常用should/would/could/might+动词原形来表示虚拟语气.如:
JThey talked as if they had been friends for years.
J She stayed at home for a few days so that she could take care of her mother.
J He took a taxi to the station so that she should not miss the train.
6.虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法:
在it is time后面的定语从句中常用过去式表示虚拟.
J It’s time I was going.
J It’s time somebody taught you to behave yourself.

有wish、suggest、lest、advice、适用。
用法:should+ 动词原形

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