lithuania 的英文介绍最多3分钟.从它的government,people,economy,culture等方面介绍.三分钟内.

lithuania 的英文介绍最多3分钟.从它的government,people,economy,culture等方面介绍.三分钟内.
lithuania 的英文介绍
最多3分钟.从它的government,people,economy,culture等方面介绍.三分钟内.

lithuania 的英文介绍最多3分钟.从它的government,people,economy,culture等方面介绍.三分钟内.
Lithuania,officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Eastern,often referred to as Northern Europe or in Baltic Division.Situated along the south-eastern shore of the Baltic Sea,it shares borders with Latvia to the north,Belarus to the southeast,Poland,and the Russian exclave of the Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest.Lithuania is a member of NATO and of the European Union.Its population is 3.4 million.Its capital and largest city is Vilnius.
During the 14th century,Lithuania was the largest country in Europe:present-day Belarus,Ukraine,and parts of Poland and Russia were territories of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.With the Lublin Union of 1569 Poland and Lithuania formed a new state,the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.The Commonwealth lasted more than two centuries,until neighboring countries systematically dismantled it from 1772 to 1795,with the Russian Empire annexing most of Lithuania's territory.In the wake of WWI,Lithuania's Act of Independence was signed on February 16,1918,declaring re-establishment of a sovereign state.Starting in 1940,Lithuania was occupied first by the Soviet Union then Nazi Germany.As World War II neared its end in 1944 and the Nazis retreated,the Soviet Union re-occupied Lithuania.On March 11,1990,Lithuania became the first Soviet republic to declare its renewed independence.
Present-day Lithuania has one of the fastest growing economies in the European Union.Lithuania became a full member of the Schengen Agreement on 21 December 2007.In 2009,Lithuania will celebrate the millennium of its name.

Geography
Lithuania is situated on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea and borders Latvia on the north, Belarus on the east and south, and Poland and the Kaliningrad region of Russia on the southw...

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Geography
Lithuania is situated on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea and borders Latvia on the north, Belarus on the east and south, and Poland and the Kaliningrad region of Russia on the southwest. It is a country of gently rolling hills, many forests, rivers and streams, and lakes. Its principal natural resource is agricultural land.
Government
Parliamentary democracy.
History
The Liths, or Lithuanians, united in the 12th century under the rule of Mindaugas, who became king in 1251. Through marriage, one of the later Lithuanian rulers became the king of Poland (Ladislaus II) in 1386, uniting the countries. In 1410, the Poles and Lithuanians defeated the powerful Teutonic Knights at Tannenberg. From the 14th to the 16th century, Poland and Lithuania made up one of medieval Europe's largest empires, stretching from the Black Sea almost to Moscow. The two countries formed a confederation for almost 200 years, and in 1569 they formally united. Russia, Prussia, and Austria partitioned Poland in 1772, 1792, and 1795. As a consequence, Lithuania came under Russian rule after the last partition. Russia attempted to immerse Lithuania in Russian culture and language, but anti-Russian sentiment continued to grow. Following World War I and the collapse of Russia, Lithuania declared independence (1918), under German protection.
The republic was then annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940. From June 1941 to 1944, it was occupied by German troops, with whom Lithuania served in World War II. Some 240,000 Jews were massacred in Lithuania during the Nazi years. In 1944, the Soviets again annexed Lithuania.
The Lithuanian independence movement reemerged in 1988. In 1990, Vytautas Landsbergis, the non-Communist head of the largest Lithuanian popular movement (Sajudis), was elected president. On the same day, the Supreme Council rejected Soviet rule and declared the restoration of Lithuania's independence, the first Baltic republic to take this action. Confrontation with the Soviet Union ensued along with economic sanctions, but they were lifted after both sides agreed to a face-saving compromise.
Lithuania's independence was quickly recognized by major European and other nations, including the United States. The Soviet Union finally recognized the independence of the Baltic states on Sept. 6, 1991. UN admittance followed on Sept. 17, 1991. Successful implementation of structural and legislative reforms in Lithuania attracted greater direct foreign investments by the mid-1990s.
In late 2002, Lithuania was accepted for membership in the EU and NATO, and it joined both in 2004. In Jan. 2003 Rolandas Paksas defeated the incumbent, Valdas Adamkus, in the presidential election. It was a surprising upset, given that Adamkus had helped bring about his country's entry into NATO and the European Union. In April 2004, President Paksas was removed from office after his conviction for dealings with Russian mobsters. It was Lithuania's worst political crisis since independence from the Soviet Union. In July 2004, Valdas Adamkus was again elected president.

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