什么是独立主格?she is mean,to say the least.这样属于独立主格么?
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什么是独立主格?she is mean,to say the least.这样属于独立主格么?
什么是独立主格?she is mean,to say the least.这样属于独立主格么?
什么是独立主格?she is mean,to say the least.这样属于独立主格么?
不属于
独立主格
1独立主格结构的构成:名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;
名词(代词)+形容词;
名词(代词)+副词;
名词(代词)+不定式;
名词(代词) +介词短语构成.
独立主格结构的特点:
1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在.
2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系.
3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开.
例如:The test finished,we began our holiday.= When the test was finished,we began our holiday.考试结束了,我们开始放假.
The president assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.= After the president was assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中.
Weather permitting,we are going to visit you tomorrow.天气允许,我们明天去看你.
This done,we went home.工作完成后,我们才回家.
The meeting gone over,everyone tired to go home earlier.会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家.
He came into the room,his ears red with cold.他回到了房子里,耳朵冻得红通通的.
He came out of the library,a large book under his arm.他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆
2 with的复合结构作独立主格
表示伴随情况时,既可用分词的独立结构,也可用with的复合结构:with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语.例如:
He stood there,his hand raised.= He stood there,with his hand raise.他举手着站在那儿.
典型例题
The murderer was brought in,with his hands ___ behind his back.
A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied
答案D.with +名词(代词)+分词+介词短语结构.当分词表示伴随状况时,其主语常常用with来引导.由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系,因此用过去分词,选D.
注意:
1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题:当介词是in时,其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数.但 with 的复合结构不受此限制.例如:A robber burst into the room,knife in hand.(hand前不能加his)劫匪冲进房间,手里拿着刀.
2) 当表示人体部位的词做逻辑主语时,及物动词用现在分词,不及物动词用过去分词.例如:
He lay there,his teeth set,his hand clenched,his eyes looking straight up.
他躺在那儿,牙紧咬,双手握拳,两眼直勾勾看着上面.
典型例题:
Weather___,we”ll go out for a walk.
A permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting
答案B.本题中没有连词,它不是复合句,也不是并列句.句中使用了逗号,且we 小写,可知其不是两个简单句.能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构.据此判断,本句中使用的是独立结构,其结构为:名词+分词.由于permit在这里翻译为”天气允许”,表主动,应用现在分词,故选B.
如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式,不妨将句子改为条件句,例如本句改为If weather permits,we”ll go out for a walk.然后将if 去掉,再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可
这不是独立主格。
分词短语作状语时,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,否则,就必须在分词前另加上自己的逻辑主语(名词或主格代词)的这个结构叫独立主格结构或分词的复合结构。
1、独立主格结构常放在句首。表示时间、条件、原因时,其作用分别相当于个时间、条件、原因状语从名句。表示伴随方式时,相当于一个并列句。如:
Supper finished (=After supper was fi...
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这不是独立主格。
分词短语作状语时,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,否则,就必须在分词前另加上自己的逻辑主语(名词或主格代词)的这个结构叫独立主格结构或分词的复合结构。
1、独立主格结构常放在句首。表示时间、条件、原因时,其作用分别相当于个时间、条件、原因状语从名句。表示伴随方式时,相当于一个并列句。如:
Supper finished (=After supper was finished), we started to discuss the picnic. 吃完晚饭,我们开始讨论野餐的事。
All the tickets having been sold out (=As all the tickets having been sold out), we had to wait for the next week’s show. 所有的票都卖出去了,我们只好等着看下周的演出。
2、表示独立主格结构中的being常省略。如:
The football match (being) over, crowds of people poured out into the steet. 足球赛五结束,从群便涌到大街上。
Nobody (being) in, I didn’t enter the hall. 里面没有人,我没进大厅。
3、表示伴随方式的独立主格结构,有时可用“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构来替换。如:
He lay there thinking, his hands behind his head (with his hands behind his head). 他双手放在头下,躺在那里思考着。
The river looks more beautiful, flowers and grass growing on both sides(=with flowers and grass growing on both sides). 这条河看上去更加漂亮,因为两岸长满了鲜花和绿草。
with+宾语+宾语补足语的结构是英语中常见常用的结构,其宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语等,在句中可作定语,也可作状语,表示原因、方式等。如:
The children looked at us, with their eyes opening wide. 孩子们眼睛睁得大大地看着我。
I would miss the train, with no one to wake me up. 没人叫我,我会错过火车的。
The river with grass and flowers on both sides runs through our schoolyard. 这条两河两岸长满鲜花和绿草正从我们校园穿过。
With the examinations over, we had a long time to rest. 考试结束了,我们有一段长长的时间可以休息。
4、有些惯用的分词短语在句里可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句。如:
generally/strictly/roughly/broadly/narrowly speaking, judging from/by, considering, supposing, providing, provided等。如:
Talking of the computer, I like it very much. 谈到电脑,我非常喜欢。
Considering the time, we have decided to start early tomorrow morning. 考试到时间,我们已经决定明早一早出发。
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