英语翻译While using the simulator,the operator sees thecontainer moving in a virtual world.The virtualworld combined with the motion platform,whichcreates movement effects,gives the operator realworld-like feedback.The surrounding sounds givethe

英语翻译While using the simulator,the operator sees thecontainer moving in a virtual world.The virtualworld combined with the motion platform,whichcreates movement effects,gives the operator realworld-like feedback.The surrounding sounds givethe
英语翻译
While using the simulator,the operator sees the
container moving in a virtual world.The virtual
world combined with the motion platform,which
creates movement effects,gives the operator real
world-like feedback.The surrounding sounds give
the final touch to the simulator environment.Besides
the visual feedback,the feedback from the motion
platform is very important in operator training.If
the operator does not feel the accelerations of the
machine system caused by control manoeuvres,the
training may cause operating behaviour that is toofast and harsh as swift operation movements seem
not to cause any physical feedback.When motion
platform feedback is added,the operating behaviour
becomes smoother,because discontinuous control
signals usually cause accelerations unpleasant to
operator.
Basically real-time simulators consist of a user
interface,an I/O-system,a real-time simulation
model describing the dynamics of the machine in
question,a visualization of the environment,and a
possible motion platform producing acceleration
effects for the operator.Figure 2 presents the components
required to build a real-time training
simulator.
Control signals given by the operator are transferred
via the I/O-interface into the dynamic simulation
model.In simulation models,signals can be
treated in several different ways.Simple binary on/
off-signals can be used to launch operation cycles
such as opening or closing the container locking.
Analogue signals can be used to give reference
values for more complicated functions.The
rotational velocity reference of an electric drive is
a good example of the use of analogue signals.
During the study,it became clear that the most
natural way to treat analogue control signals is to
use them as a reference for the calculation of external
forces acting in the system.This way,control signals
seldom cause discontinuities,as the change in force
causes change in system accelerations,which are
integrated twice to solve the position information
of the system.
The position information of separate parts is transferred
into the visualization system,where the virtual
world is drawn.In this case,also the surrounding
sound is controlled by the dynamic model.Sounds
related to different events,such as collisions,the
use of motors,and so on,are played on the basis of
event information gathered from the simulation
model.The information of accelerations affecting
the operator is used in calculating reference values
for the motion platform.An inverse kinematic
model of the motion platform is required to map
the operator’s acceleration information from the
global coordinates to actuator positions and
velocities.

英语翻译While using the simulator,the operator sees thecontainer moving in a virtual world.The virtualworld combined with the motion platform,whichcreates movement effects,gives the operator realworld-like feedback.The surrounding sounds givethe
（精心人工翻译,确保正确译文)
当使用模拟器时,操作者就会看到容器正在向虚拟世界中进入.与运动平台相联接的虚拟世界,可以制造出各种运动效果,这会给操作者一种很像真实世界（身临其境）的反馈.环绕立体声为模拟环境提供最动人的音响.除了视觉反馈之外,在操作者的训练中,来自运动平台的反馈也是非常重要的.如果操作者没有感觉到由控制动作而应该产生的那种机械系统的加速（度）,那么,(操作)训练很可能会引起过急或过激励的行为,其原因是因为过快的操作运动会使表面无法显示物理学上的运动反馈.当加上运动平台的反馈时,操作行为就会变得比较平稳,（而这又是）因为断续控制信号通常会产生加速度,操作者很讨厌这种加速度（所以加上运动平台的反馈时,操作行为就会变得比较平稳）.
从根本上讲,实时模拟器由（下列元件）组成：（a) 一个用户接口（界面）,（b) 一个I/O(输入/输出）系统,（c) 一个实时模拟模型（它描述当前使用机器的动力学参数） （d)一个可视化环境,和（e) 一个可行的运动平台（可为操作者产生加速效果）.图2所示的是需要组建实时训练模拟器的组件.操作者给出的控制信号会通过I/O(输入/输出）接口转移到动态模拟的模型中.在模拟模型中,人们可以用不同的方法处理信号,简便的二进位开/关信号可以用来发射操作（运行）周期,如打开容器上的锁或关闭容器上的锁等.模拟信号还可以用来为较复杂的功能提供（标准）参考值.电力传动自转速度的参考（值）就是一个应用模拟信号较好的例证.在研究期间,很明显,处理模拟控制信号的最常用的方法是：把信号当作 计算 作用在系统中的外力的 参考值.这样,控制信号就很少引起不连续的现象,这是因为实施进行中的变化会引起系统加速度上的改变,这要进行两次的整合才能解码系统内的位置信息.
分离零件层的位置信息可以转移到观察系统里,虚拟世界就是在观察系统中勾画（或绘制）
的.在这样的情况下,还有在这种环境中,声音是由动态模型来控制的.与不同事件有关的声音（如撞击,开汽车,..等（的声音）,是根据从模拟模型收集出来的事件信息而进行演奏的.影响操作者的加速度信息,（通常）用来计算运动平台的（标准）参考值.为了映射（或绘制出）操作者从总体坐标到制动器位置的（有关）加速度信息,和映射（或绘制出）各种速度,人们需要（用）与运动平台反向的动力学模型,.(或：只有用与运动平台反向的动力学模型,人们才能映射出（或绘制出）操作者从总体坐标到制动器位置的（有关）加速度信息,和映射（或绘制出）各种速度）
（注：翻译,校对,打字整整用了4个多小时才得以完成啊!）