求 的 重点和难点 期末的复习提纲!

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求的重点和难点期末的复习提纲!求的重点和难点期末的复习提纲!求的重点和难点期末的复习提纲!教版八年级上册物理复习提纲1.声音的发生和传播发生体在振动——实验;声音靠介质传播——介质:一切固液气;真空不

求 的 重点和难点 期末的复习提纲!
求 的 重点和难点 期末的复习提纲!

求 的 重点和难点 期末的复习提纲!
教版八年级上册物理复习提纲
1.声音的发生和传播
发生体在振动——实验;声音靠介质传播——介质:一切固液气;真空不能传声
声速——空气中声速(约340m/s);一般的,固体中速度>液体中速度>气体中速度;声音速度随温度上升而上升
回声——回声所需时间和距离;应用(不太重要)
计算——和行程问题结合(不太重要)
2.音调、响度和音色(不太重要、但要记住钢尺的实验)
客观量——频率(注意人听力范围和发声范围)、振幅
主观量——音调、响度(高低大小的含义);影响响度的因素:振幅、距离、分散程度
音色——作用;音色由发声体本身决定
3.噪声的危害和控制(不太重要)
噪声——物理和生活中的噪声(物理-不规则振动,生活-影响工作、学习、休息的声音);噪声等级:分贝(0dB-刚引起听觉);减小噪声方法(声源处、传播过程中、人耳处);四大污染(空气污染、水污染、固体废物污染、噪声污染)
1.光源——火把、蜡烛、电灯…(月亮和行星不是光源、不太重要)
2.光的直线传播
光的直线传播——条件;可在真空中传播;现象(激光准直、影子、小孔成像、大树下的光斑、日食、月食);真空中的光速(3×10^8m/s)
3.光的反射
反射定律——三线共面;分居两侧;角相等;光路可逆(注意叙述顺序要符合因果关系)
镜面反射和漫反射——每一条光线都符合反射定律
4.平面镜
平面镜成像——规律(等距、等大、正立、虚像);能看见(看不见)像的范围;
5.作图——按有关定律做图
1.光的折射
折射——定义(……方向一般发生变化);折射规律(三线共面、两侧、角不等;光路可逆;注意叙述顺序要符合因果关系);现象解释(水中的鱼变浅、水中筷子弯曲、海市蜃楼等)
2.光的传播综合问题
注意区分折射和反射光线;注意区分不同的影子和像
3.透镜
透镜中的名词——主光轴、光心、焦距、焦点(测量焦距的方法)
凸透镜、凹透镜对光线的作用——“会聚光线”和“使光线会聚”的区别:“会聚光线”是能聚于一点的光线,“使光线会聚”是光线经过凸透镜后比原来接近主光轴)
透镜的原理——多个三棱镜组合;光线在透镜的两个表面发生折射
变化了的凸透镜——玻璃球、盛水的圆药瓶、玻璃板上的水滴等
黑盒问题
4.凸透镜成像
三条特殊光线(过光心-方向不变;平行于主光轴-过光心;过光心的光线-平行于主光轴);像距/像的大小/虚实/正倒和物距的关系;像移动的快慢(依据:光路图);实际应用
5.光的色散
透明物体的颜色是透过的色光决定的,不透明的是反射的色光决定的
1.温度计
温度计——常见温度计的测温物质、原理、量程(体温计:35~42℃;寒暑表:-20~50℃)
使用方法——体温计构造及使用(缩口部分;甩体温计的作用、原理;不甩的后果-只影响测低温)、温度计的使用(注意量程的选择);校正温度计;读数(一般地,读数时不能离开物体)
温标——摄氏温标、热力学温标及换算;绝对零度;常见温度
2.物态变化
熔化和凝固——实验装置(水浴加热);常见晶体、非晶体;熔点、凝固点;图象
汽化——蒸发;影响蒸发快慢的因素;沸腾实验装置;蒸发和沸腾的联系、区别(都是汽化;剧烈程度、发生条件等);酒精灯的使用(不太重要)液化——两种途径(降温温度;压缩体积)
升华和凝华——实例
3.物态变化中的热量传递
吸热——固→液→气(即使温度不变也有热量的传递);放热——气→液→固
4.现象解释——例:P3图0-3、纸锅烧水、“白气”和玻璃上的水珠(液化)、霜、露、晾衣服(蒸发和升华)、樟脑等;电冰箱原理;物态变化中的热量计算;注意名词的写法以及字母(t和T;℃和K)
第四章 电路
1.摩擦起电 两种电荷
静电——电荷种类的判断;验电器结构;电量(单位:库仑C)
;摩擦起电原因
2.电路相应概念
电流(及方向:正电荷移动方向);电源;导体、绝缘体;串联、并联;电路中的自由电荷及运动方向;电路图;通路、断路及短路
1.物理量I定义、单位(单位符号)及含义、换算
电流表的使用方法(量程及量程的选择、串并联、正负极、能否直接接电源两端)及其构造
✪很重要很重要:我总结的做题方法,比如:判断闭合S…开关,L..和L..串联或并联.就找一张纸把图用铅笔画下来闭合S开关,用笔沿着正极划到负极看是否符合要求.还有很多人认为华电路的题很难,其实你先判断用电器串联还是并联,把电路画出来,先不要画开关、电流表,之后按条件往电路上添开关和电流表(这些办法曾让我在考试中一个电路题也没错)新目标英语八年级上笔记
Review of Unit 1-6
I. language goals (语言目标)
1. Talk about how often you do things 谈论做事情的频率.
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
谈论健康话题以及提出建议.
3. Talk about future plans.
谈论未来的计划/打算.
4. Talk about how to get to places.
谈论到达某地的方式.
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
学会发出,接受和拒绝邀请并说出原因.
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
学会谈论个人品质以及如何比较人们.
II. Key Phrases (重点短语):
1. how often 多长时间一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 许多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…开始
6. try to do sth. 试着去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有点不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一个月两次
11. be good for 对…有好处
12. once in a while 偶尔
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙医
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/发烧
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶
20. be stressed out 紧张
21. listen to … 听…
22. get tired 变的疲劳
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻;目前
25. watch TV 看电视
26. play basketball 打篮球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜访我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放松
30. sports camp 运动野营
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光
33. go away 离开
34. get back to school 返回学校
35. stay for a week 呆一个星期
36. go bike riding 骑自行车兜风
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租录像带
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考虑
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地铁/公共车/小船/飞机
42. get to 到达
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共车/飞机/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火车/地铁/公共车站
45. bus ride 乘公共车的旅行
46. ride a bike 骑自行车
47. bus stop 公共汽车站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 离开去…
50. school bus 学校班车
51. the early bus 早班车
52. be different from 与…不同
53. half past six 六点半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多于
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比赛
60. school team 校队
61. come over to 过来到…
62. the day after tomorrow 后天
63. be good at 擅长于…
64. two years ago 两年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起来一样
69. talk to everyone 与大家谈话
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型:
Unit 1:
1. -What do you usually do on weekends?
-I usually go to the movies.
2. -What does he sometimes do on weekends?
-He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What’s the matter?
What’s wrong?
What’s the trouble?
2. I’m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don’t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. -What is she doing for vacation?
-She is babysitting her little sister.
-That sounds nice / interesting.
2. -When are you going?
-I’m going on Monday.
3. -Where are they going?
-They are going to Tibet.
4. -Who is she going with?
-She is going with her parents.
5. -How long is he staying.
-He is staying for a week.
6. -How is the weather there?
-I’m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. -How do you get to school?
-I get to school by bus.
2. -How does he go to work?
-He usually walks to school.
3. -How long does it take?
-It takes about twenty minutes.
4. -How far is it from his home to school?
-It’s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. -Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
-Sure, I’d love to. / I’m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. -Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
-No, she can’t. She has to help her mom.
3. -Can you go to the concert on Monday?
-When is it?
-It’s at four o’clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I’m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What’s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is (a little)taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?
麻烦采纳以下 谢谢

教版八年级上册物理复习提纲
1.声音的发生和传播
发生体在振动——实验;声音靠介质传播——介质:一切固液气;真空不能传声
声速——空气中声速(约340m/s);一般的,固体中速度>液体中速度>气体中速度;声音速度随温度上升而上升
回声——回声所需时间和距离;应用(不太重要)
计算——和行程问题结合(不太重要)
2.音调、响度和音色(不太重要、...

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教版八年级上册物理复习提纲
1.声音的发生和传播
发生体在振动——实验;声音靠介质传播——介质:一切固液气;真空不能传声
声速——空气中声速(约340m/s);一般的,固体中速度>液体中速度>气体中速度;声音速度随温度上升而上升
回声——回声所需时间和距离;应用(不太重要)
计算——和行程问题结合(不太重要)
2.音调、响度和音色(不太重要、但要记住钢尺的实验)
客观量——频率(注意人听力范围和发声范围)、振幅
主观量——音调、响度(高低大小的含义);影响响度的因素:振幅、距离、分散程度
音色——作用;音色由发声体本身决定
3.噪声的危害和控制(不太重要)
噪声——物理和生活中的噪声(物理-不规则振动,生活-影响工作、学习、休息的声音);噪声等级:分贝(0dB-刚引起听觉);减小噪声方法(声源处、传播过程中、人耳处);四大污染(空气污染、水污染、固体废物污染、噪声污染)
1.光源——火把、蜡烛、电灯…(月亮和行星不是光源、不太重要)
2.光的直线传播
光的直线传播——条件;可在真空中传播;现象(激光准直、影子、小孔成像、大树下的光斑、日食、月食);真空中的光速(3×10^8m/s)
3.光的反射
反射定律——三线共面;分居两侧;角相等;光路可逆(注意叙述顺序要符合因果关系)
镜面反射和漫反射——每一条光线都符合反射定律
4.平面镜
平面镜成像——规律(等距、等大、正立、虚像);能看见(看不见)像的范围;
5.作图——按有关定律做图
1.光的折射
折射——定义(……方向一般发生变化);折射规律(三线共面、两侧、角不等;光路可逆;注意叙述顺序要符合因果关系);现象解释(水中的鱼变浅、水中筷子弯曲、海市蜃楼等)
2.光的传播综合问题
注意区分折射和反射光线;注意区分不同的影子和像
3.透镜
透镜中的名词——主光轴、光心、焦距、焦点(测量焦距的方法)
凸透镜、凹透镜对光线的作用——“会聚光线”和“使光线会聚”的区别:“会聚光线”是能聚于一点的光线,“使光线会聚”是光线经过凸透镜后比原来接近主光轴)
透镜的原理——多个三棱镜组合;光线在透镜的两个表面发生折射
变化了的凸透镜——玻璃球、盛水的圆药瓶、玻璃板上的水滴等
黑盒问题
4.凸透镜成像
三条特殊光线(过光心-方向不变;平行于主光轴-过光心;过光心的光线-平行于主光轴);像距/像的大小/虚实/正倒和物距的关系;像移动的快慢(依据:光路图);实际应用
5.光的色散
透明物体的颜色是透过的色光决定的,不透明的是反射的色光决定的
1.温度计
温度计——常见温度计的测温物质、原理、量程(体温计:35~42℃;寒暑表:-20~50℃)
使用方法——体温计构造及使用(缩口部分;甩体温计的作用、原理;不甩的后果-只影响测低温)、温度计的使用(注意量程的选择);校正温度计;读数(一般地,读数时不能离开物体)
温标——摄氏温标、热力学温标及换算;绝对零度;常见温度
2.物态变化
熔化和凝固——实验装置(水浴加热);常见晶体、非晶体;熔点、凝固点;图象
汽化——蒸发;影响蒸发快慢的因素;沸腾实验装置;蒸发和沸腾的联系、区别(都是汽化;剧烈程度、发生条件等);酒精灯的使用(不太重要)液化——两种途径(降温温度;压缩体积)
升华和凝华——实例
3.物态变化中的热量传递
吸热——固→液→气(即使温度不变也有热量的传递);放热——气→液→固
4.现象解释——例:P3图0-3、纸锅烧水、“白气”和玻璃上的水珠(液化)、霜、露、晾衣服(蒸发和升华)、樟脑等;电冰箱原理;物态变化中的热量计算;注意名词的写法以及字母(t和T;℃和K)
第四章 电路
1.摩擦起电 两种电荷
静电——电荷种类的判断;验电器结构;电量(单位:库仑C)
;摩擦起电原因
2.电路相应概念
电流(及方向:正电荷移动方向);电源;导体、绝缘体;串联、并联;电路中的自由电荷及运动方向;电路图;通路、断路及短路
1.物理量I定义、单位(单位符号)及含义、换算
电流表的使用方法(量程及量程的选择、串并联、正负极、能否直接接电源两端)及其构造
✪很重要很重要:我总结的做题方法,比如:判断闭合S…开关,L..和L..串联或并联。就找一张纸把图用铅笔画下来闭合S开关,用笔沿着正极划到负极看是否符合要求。还有很多人认为华电路的题很难,其实你先判断用电器串联还是并联,把电路画出来,先不要画开关、电流表,之后按条件往电路上添开关和电流表(这些办法曾让我在考试中一个电路题也没错)新目标英语八年级上笔记
Review of Unit 1-6
I. language goals (语言目标)
1. Talk about how often you do things 谈论做事情的频率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
谈论健康话题以及提出建议。
3. Talk about future plans.
谈论未来的计划/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places.
谈论到达某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
学会发出,接受和拒绝邀请并说出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
学会谈论个人品质以及如何比较人们。
II. Key Phrases (重点短语):
1. how often 多长时间一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 许多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…开始
6. try to do sth. 试着去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有点不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一个月两次
11. be good for 对…有好处
12. once in a while 偶尔
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙医
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/发烧
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶
20. be stressed out 紧张
21. listen to … 听…
22. get tired 变的疲劳
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻;目前
25. watch TV 看电视
26. play basketball 打篮球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜访我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放松
30. sports camp 运动野营
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光
33. go away 离开
34. get back to school 返回学校
35. stay for a week 呆一个星期
36. go bike riding 骑自行车兜风
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租录像带
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考虑
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地铁/公共车/小船/飞机
42. get to 到达
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共车/飞机/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火车/地铁/公共车站
45. bus ride 乘公共车的旅行
46. ride a bike 骑自行车
47. bus stop 公共汽车站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 离开去…
50. school bus 学校班车
51. the early bus 早班车
52. be different from 与…不同
53. half past six 六点半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多于
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比赛
60. school team 校队
61. come over to 过来到…
62. the day after tomorrow 后天
63. be good at 擅长于…
64. two years ago 两年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起来一样
69. talk to everyone 与大家谈话
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型:
Unit 1:
1. -What do you usually do on weekends?
-I usually go to the movies.
2. -What does he sometimes do on weekends?
-He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What’s the matter?
What’s wrong?
What’s the trouble?
2. I’m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don’t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. -What is she doing for vacation?
-She is babysitting her little sister.
-That sounds nice / interesting.
2. -When are you going?
-I’m going on Monday.
3. -Where are they going?
-They are going to Tibet.
4. -Who is she going with?
-She is going with her parents.
5. -How long is he staying.
-He is staying for a week.
6. -How is the weather there?
-I’m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. -How do you get to school?
-I get to school by bus.
2. -How does he go to work?
-He usually walks to school.
3. -How long does it take?
-It takes about twenty minutes.
4. -How far is it from his home to school?
-It’s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. -Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
-Sure, I’d love to. / I’m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. -Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
-No, she can’t. She has to help her mom.
3. -Can you go to the concert on Monday?
-When is it?
-It’s at four o’clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I’m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What’s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is (a little)taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?
英语:要掌握句型,每单元的重点语法要记熟,还需天天大声地读,练口语,也有帮助阿
政治:是课本上的一些重点,注意答题的灵活性,再看看配套练习题吧
生物:还是课本上的概念,要会应用,不要死记,另外再做些题,见一些题型,就可以了
语文还是要靠积累

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