雾都孤儿的故事简介英文的麻烦

雾都孤儿的故事简介英文的麻烦
雾都孤儿的故事简介英文的
麻烦

雾都孤儿的故事简介英文的麻烦
Oliver Twist is an 1838 novel by Charles Dickens.It was originally published as a serial.
Like most of Dickens' work,the book is used to call the public's attention to various contemporary social evils,including the workhouse,child labour and the recruitment of children as criminals.The novel is full of sarcasm and dark humour,even as it treats its serious subject,revealing the hypocrisies of the time.
It has been the subject of numerous film and television adaptations,and the basis for a highly successful British musical,Oliver!.
Plot summary
Spoiler warning:Plot and/or ending details follow.
Oliver Twist is born into a life of hardship and misfortune.Orphaned from the onset of his life due to his mother鈥檚 death in child-birth and his father鈥檚 conspicuous absence,Oliver is meagerly provided for under the terms of the Poor Law.Thus,Oliver spends the first nine years of his life within a branch-workhouse of the one in which he had the misfortune to be born.Along with other juvenile offenders against the poor-laws,Oliver is brought up with little food and few comforts.
Around the time of the orphan鈥檚 ninth birthday,Mr.Bumble,a parish beadle,removes Oliver from the branch-workhouse and puts him to work in the main facility.Oliver,who toils with very little food,remains in the workhouse for six months.After that period,Oliver breeches regulations by requesting,on behalf of another boy,that he receive another portion of gruel.The board of gentlemen who administer the workhouse are outraged by Oliver鈥檚 request,perceiving him as ungrateful.Desiring to get rid of Oliver,the board offers a sum of money to any person wishing to take on the boy as an apprentice.Mr.Sowerberry,an undertaker employed by the parish,eventually takes Oliver into his service.
While in the service of the undertaker,Oliver is abused by Noah Claypole,a charity boy and apprentice of Mr.Sowerberry.On one particularly occasion,in an attempt to bait a reaction out of Oliver,Noah insults the orphan鈥檚 late mother.Oliver takes great offense to Noah鈥檚 words and proceeds to attack the boy.The disagreement between the two is heightened when Mrs.Sowerberry,who dislikes Oliver,is summoned.Following an administration of punishment for attacking Noah,for the charity boy twists the circumstances of the fight to make Oliver seem like an unprovoked murderer,the orphan decides to flee from the undertaker.Leaving during the night,he wanders aimlessly at first.However,he soon sets his destination as London.
During his journey to London,Oliver encounters Jack Dawkins,who is also known as the Artful Dodger.Dawkins provides Oliver with a free meal and tells him of a gentleman in London who will aid him in becoming established.Grateful for the assistance he has been given,Oliver follows Dawkins to the gentleman鈥檚 residence.Thus,Oliver unwittingly stumbles into the association of a Jewish criminal named Fagin,the gentleman of whom Dawkins spoke.Oliver resides with Fagin and his criminal associates for some time,unaware that of their unlawful occupations.
With time,Oliver goes out upon a pick-pocketing expedition with two of Fagin鈥檚 underlings:Dawkins and a boy named Charlie Bates.Though he is unaware of the criminal intentions of the other boys until a robbery actual takes place and does not participate,Oliver finds himself accused of stealing.He is eventually freed from accusation and put under the nurturing custody of an old gentleman named Mr.Brownlow,who he was previously thought to have robbed,after falling ill in court.Oliver resides with Mr.Brownlow for a while,living in great happiness as a result of being treated well.His bliss,however,is interrupted when Fagin orchestrates the kidnapping of Oliver back to his haven of thieves.This is done for Fagin fears that Oliver will tell the authories of his criminal operations.
After being captured by Fagin and abused for some time,Oliver is again employed in an illegal operation.Bill Sikes,a violent thief who had helped kidnap Oliver away from Mr.Brownlow,uses the boy to break into a house via a small window.The robbery goes wrong,however,and Oliver is shot.After being abandoned by Sikes,a wounded Oliver ends up under the care of the people he had attempted to rob:Rose Maylie and the elderly Mrs.Maylie.Convinced of Oliver鈥檚 innocence,Rose Maylie take the boy in and nurses him back to health.
Meanwhile,a mysterious man named Monks has found Fagin and is plotting with him to destroy Oliver's reputation.Nancy,fearing their intentions,goes to Rose Maylie and Mr.Brownlow to reveal their plot.She manages to keep her meetings secret until Noah Claypole (he had fallen out with the undertaker and moved to London to seek his fortune) agrees to spy on Nancy and then tells Fagin.Angry at the notion of his plot being foiled,Fagin passes it on to Sikes,twisting the story just enough to make it sound as if Nancy had informed on him.(In actuality,she had shielded Sikes,whom she loves despite his occasional ill-treatment,as much as possible.) Believing that she has betrayed him,Sikes murders Nancy in a fit of rage,and is himself killed when he accidentally hangs himself while being pursued by an angry mob.Monks is forced by Mr.Brownlow (an old friend of Oliver's father) to divulge his secrets and give half of his inheritance to Oliver.Then Monks moves to America,where he quickly spends his money,reverts to crime,and ultimately dies in prison.Fagin is arrested and hanged for his misdeeds.Rose Maylie turns out to be the long-lost sister of Oliver's mother Agnes; she is therefore Oliver's aunt.She marries her long-time sweetheart Harry,and Oliver lives happily with his saviour,Mr.Brownlow.
Characters in "Oliver Twist"
Oliver 鈥 the main protagonist,a boy born in a workhouse
Fagin 鈥 a Jew who recruits and trains boys for thievery
Bill Sikes 鈥 a violent thief
The Artful Dodger aka Jack Dawkins 鈥 one of Fagin's boy pickpockets
Charley Bates; another of Fagin's boy pickpockets
Nancy 鈥 barmaid and Bill's girl
Betsy 鈥 a thief of Fagin's and friend of Nancy
Noah Claypole 鈥 apprentice to Mr Sowerberry
Mr.Brownlow
Monks,aka Edward Leeford 鈥 Oliver's half-brother
Rose Maylie
Mr.Bumble 鈥 the parish Beadle
Mr.Sowerberry 鈥 an Undertaker who takes Oliver into his service
Mrs.Sowerberry
Charlotte 鈥 servant to Mrs Sowerberry
Gamfield 鈥 a vicious chimney-sweep
Mrs Bedwin 鈥 housekeeper to Mr Brownlow
Mr Grimwig 鈥 an old friend of Mr Brownlow's
Barney 鈥 a villainous friend of Fagin's
Major themes
The novel is characterized by the use of various motifs.
Charity and love are motifs because even though Oliver is treated horribly by most people,he is shown love by a few good people 鈥 Mr.Brownlow,Mrs.Maylie,and even Nancy.
Greed and corruption are also motifs because of how people take advantage of Oliver.He is taken advantage of by Mr.Bumble at the workhouse and the thieves.Mr.Fagin tries to control Oliver,to use him for his own wealth.Monks tries to steal his identity and his inheritance.
Spoilers end here.

Oliver Twist’s mother dies after the birth of her child in a workhouse. The infant’s father is unknown, and the orphan is placed in a private juvenile home. After nine years of mistreatment, the boy i...

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Oliver Twist’s mother dies after the birth of her child in a workhouse. The infant’s father is unknown, and the orphan is placed in a private juvenile home. After nine years of mistreatment, the boy is returned to the workhouse for even more abuse. After representing his fellow sufferers in an attempt to get more food, Oliver is punished and is apprenticed to Sowerberry, an undertaker. Noah Claypole, a charity boy working for Oliver’s master, goads Oliver to rebellion, for which Oliver is savagely flogged. Consequently, Oliver runs away and heads for London.
Near London, Oliver joins company with John Dawkins, The Artful Dodger, a questionable character who brings the boy to Fagin, the ringleader of a gang of criminals. Instructed in the “art” of picking pockets, Oliver goes out with Charles Bates and the Dodger. His companions pick an old gentleman’s pocket and flee, and Oliver is arrested for their offense. At the police station, the terrified boy is cleared by the testimony of the bookseller who witnessed the theft. Oliver collapses and is taken home by Mr. Brownlow, the victim of the crime.
While Oliver recovers at his benefactor’s home, Brownlow is puzzled by the resemblance between Oliver’s features and the portrait of a young woman. Fagin is apprehensive and furious at Oliver’s rescue. Nancy, one of his trusty retainers, is set on the boy’s trail as the gang shifts headquarters.
Mr. Grimwig, Brownlow’s friend, has no faith in Oliver, so Oliver is sent on an errand to test his honesty. The boy is recaptured by Nancy and her friend Bill Sikes, a vicious lawbreaker. Oliver is restored to Fagin, who holds him in strict captivity for a while. In the meantime, Bumble, a minor parish official from Oliver’s birthplace, answers Brownlow’s advertisement inquiring about Oliver. Bumble turns Oliver’s benefactor against him by grossly misrepresenting the boy’s history and character.
Eager to get Oliver completely in his power by thoroughly involving the child in some crime, Fagin convinces Bill Sikes to use Oliver in a major burglary that is being planned. Sikes takes Oliver westward through the city to a rendezvous near Chertsey with Toby Crackit.
At the house that is to be burglarized, Oliver is hoisted through a small window. The occupants are aroused and in the resulting melee, Oliver is shot. The robbers run off with the wounded Oliver but abandon him in a ditch.
In the workhouse, Sally, the old pauper who attended Oliver’s mother, is dying. At her urgent request, Mrs. Corney, the matron, sees the old woman alone before she expires. Immediately thereafter Bumble and the matron agree to marry.
Fagin is greatly upset when Toby Crackit returns alone. Fagin makes anxious inquiries about Sikes. He then has an ominous meeting with a person called Monks, who is angry with Fagin, who he claims has failed in his obligation to ruin Oliver by tricking him into a lawless life
When Oliver regains consciousness in a ditch, he stumbles to the nearest house, which proves to be the site of the attempted burglary. The owner, Mrs. Maylie, takes the boy in and protects him with connivance of her doctor, Mr. Losberne. The boy is taken to a cottage in the country, where Mrs. Maylie’s niece Rose suffers a near-fatal illness. In the town inn yard, Oliver encounters a repulsive stranger who later spies on him with Fagin. Rose rejects the proposal of Mrs. Maylie’s son, Harry, but he does not accept her refusal as final.
Monks meets the Bumbles and purchases a locket that Mrs. Bumble redeemed with a pawn ticket that she took away from the dead Sally, who had received the pledge from Oliver’s dying mother. The trinket contains a ring inscribed with the name “Agnes”; Monks drops it into the river.
Nancy, who sympathizes with Oliver, nurses Sikes until he regains his “natural” meanness. She drugs the man and slips away to Hyde Park for a secret meeting with Rose Maylie. Nancy tells Miss Maylie everything that she has learned by eavesdropping on Fagin and Monks on two occasions. The two rogues are plotting the destruction of the object of Monks’s inveterate hatred—his brother Oliver. Mr. Brownlow, who has been absent from London, reappears and Rose tells him Nancy’s story. Harry Maylie, Grimwig, and Mr. Losberne are also briefed on what Nancy has learned.
Noah Claypole and Charlotte, Sowerberry’s maidservant, hide out in London after she has plundered the undertaker’s till. They are discovered by Fagin, and Noah is employed to visit the police station to bring back information about the Dodger’s indictment as a pickpocket. Because of her suspicious behavior, Fagin then assigns the sneak to spy on her. Nancy has a midnight meeting with Rose and Brownlow on London Bridge. Nancy informs Brownlow how he can corner Monks. Noah hears everything and immediately reports his findings to Fagin.

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Header
Chapter 1 "Treats of the place where Oliver Twist was born, and of the circumstances attending his birth."
Chapter 2 "Treats of Oliver Twist's growth, education, and board."
Chap...

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Header
Chapter 1 "Treats of the place where Oliver Twist was born, and of the circumstances attending his birth."
Chapter 2 "Treats of Oliver Twist's growth, education, and board."
Chapter 3 "Relates how Oliver Twist was very near getting a place, which would not have been a sinecure."
Chapter 4 "Oliver, being offered another place, makes his first entry into public life."
Chapter 5 Oliver mingles with new associates. Going to a funeral for the first time, he forms an unfavourable notion of his master's business.
Chapter 6 Oliver, being goaded by the taunts of Noah, rouses into action, and rather astonishes him.
Chapter 7 Oliver continues refractory.
Chapter 8 Oliver walks to London. He encounters on the road a strange sort of young gentleman.
Chapter 9 Containing further particulars concerning the pleasant old gentleman, and his hopeful pupils.
Chapter 10 Oliver becomes better acquainted with the characters of his new associates; and purchases experience at a high price, Being a short, but very important chapter, in this history.
Chapter 11 Treats of Mr. Fang the Police Magistrate; and furnishes a slight specimen of his mode of administering justice.
Chapter 12 In which Oliver is taken better care of than he ever was before. And in which the narrative reverts to the merry old gentleman and his youthful friends.
Chapter 13 Some new acquaintances are introduced to the intelligent reader, connected with whom, various pleasant matters are related, appertaining to this history.
Chapter 14 Comprising further particulars of Oliver's stay at Mr. Brownlow's, with the remarkable prediction which one Mr. Grimwig uttered concerning him, when he went out on an errand.
Chapter 15 Showing how very fond of Oliver Twist, the merry old Jew and Miss Nancy were.
Chapter 16 Relates what became of Oliver Twist, after he had been claimed by Nancy."
Chapter 17 Oliver's destiny continuing unpropitious, brings a great man to London to injure his reputation."
Chapter 18 How Oliver passed his time in the improving society of his reputable friends."
Chapter 19 In which a notable plan is discussed and determined on."
Chapter 20 Wherein Oliver is delivered over to Mr. William Sikes."
Chapter 21 The Expedition.
Chapter 22 The Burglary."
Chapter 23 Which contains the substance of a pleasant conversation between Mr. Bumble and a lady; and shows that even a beadle may be susceptible on some points."
Chapter 24 Treats of a very poor subject. But is a short one, and may be found of importance in this history."
Chapter 25 "Wherein this history reverts to Mr. Fagin and Company."
Chapter 26 In which a mysterious character appears upon the scene; and many things, inseparable from this history, are done and performed."
Chapter 27 Atones for the unpoliteness of a former chapter; which deserted a lady, most unceremoniously."
Chapter 28 Looks after Oliver, and proceeds with his adventures."
Chapter 29 Has an introductory account of the inmates of the house, to which Oiver resorted."
Chapter 30 Relates what Oliver's new visitors thought of him."
Chapter 31 Involves a critical position."
Chapter 32 Of the happy life Oliver began to lead with his kind friends."
Chapter 33 Wherein the happiness of Oliver and his friends, experiences a sudden check."
Chapter 34 Contains some introductory particulars relative to a young gentleman who now arrives upon the scene; and a new adventure which happened to Oliver."
Chapter 35 Containing the unsatisfactory result of Oliver's adventure; and a conversation of some importance between Harry Maylie and Rose."
Chapter 36 Is a very short one, and may appear of no great importance in its place, but it should be read notwithstanding, as a sequel to the last, and a key to one that will follow when its time arrives."
Chapter 37 In which the reader may perceive a contrast, not uncommon in matrimonial cases."
Chapter 38
Chapter 39 Introduces some respectable characters with whom the reader is already acquainted, and shows how Monks and the Jew laid their worthy heads together."
Chapter 40 A strange interview, which is a sequel to the last chapter."
Chapter 41 Containing fresh discoveries, and showing that surprises, like misfortunes, seldom come alone."
Chapter 42 An old acquaintance of Oliver's, exhibiting decided marks of genius, becomes a public character in the metropolis."
Chapter 43 Wherein is shown how the Artful Dodger got into trouble."
Chapter 44 The time arrives for Nancy to redeem her pledge to Rose Maylie. She fails."
Chapter 45 Noah Claypole is employed by Fagin on a secret mission."
Chapter 46 The Appointment kept."
Chapter 47 Fatal Consequences."
Chapter 48 The Flight of Sikes."
Chapter 49 Monks and Mr. Brownlow at length meet. Their conversation, and the intelligence that interrupts it."
Chapter 50 The Pursuit and Escape."
Chapter 51 Affording an explanation of more mysteries than one, and comprehending a proposal of marriage with no word of settlement or pin-money."
Chapter 52 Fagin's last night alive."
Chapter 53 And Last.

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