英语翻译我国1997年《刑法》中规定了黑社会性质组织犯罪.本文从三大方面来研究分析黑社会性质组织犯罪.首先是黑社会性质组织的认定.其次是黑社会性质组织犯罪的发展趋势.最后是立法

英语翻译我国1997年《刑法》中规定了黑社会性质组织犯罪.本文从三大方面来研究分析黑社会性质组织犯罪.首先是黑社会性质组织的认定.其次是黑社会性质组织犯罪的发展趋势.最后是立法
英语翻译
我国1997年《刑法》中规定了黑社会性质组织犯罪.本文从三大方面来研究分析黑社会性质组织犯罪.首先是黑社会性质组织的认定.其次是黑社会性质组织犯罪的发展趋势.最后是立法完善及防控措施.在第一部分黑社会性质组织的认定中,一研究了黑社会性质组织的概念.即以暴力、威胁或者其他手段,有组织地进行违法犯罪活动,称霸一方、为非作恶,欺压、残害百姓,严重破坏经济 、社会生活秩序的组织.二研究了黑社会性质组织的法律性质：1黑社会性质组织是一种特殊的犯罪集团,具备自身的特征.2黑社会性质组织是黑社会组织的初级形态,但在本质上是一致的.后者是前者经过发展后的成熟、完备形式.黑社会性质组织一词较好地反映了我国目前黑社会犯罪的实际状况.三研究了黑社会性质组织的法律特征：1组织比较严密.2有一定的经济实力,谋求经济利益.3有很强的暴力性和一定的势力范围.4有“保护伞”存在.5对经济、社会生活秩序的严重破坏性 .第二部分黑社会性质组织的发展趋势包括：1黑社会性质组织犯罪越来越趋向于国际化.2黑社会性质组织犯罪将于腐败者的勾结更加紧密.目前我国的腐败现象,尤其是司法腐败恰恰为黑社会性质犯罪提供了机会.3黑社会性质组织犯罪装备趋向正规化、现代化.最后一部分黑社会性质组织立法完善与防控措施.立法完善包括：1应完善刑法的有关条款包括：（1）刑罚缺乏针对性.首先未设置财产刑.仅对黑社会性质组织的成员处以自由刑是难以取得一般预防与特别预防的效果的.所以我们应增加财产性.一是对黑社会性质组织犯罪的成员增设没收财产刑,或罚金刑.二是对黑社会性质组织的犯罪成员拥有的财产增设特别的没收措施.其次是刑罚设置偏轻.此外,在处罚的规范上没有体现罪刑相适应的基本原则,没有明确规定黑社会组织犯罪的从重、从轻情节而设定不同的量刑档次,也不利于实现刑罚的基本功能.
（2）罪种范围过窄.我国应该增设若干黑社会性质犯罪的具体罪种,以适应建立严密完备的惩治黑社会犯罪的罪刑体系的需要.2应完善打击组织犯罪的程序立法.3应完善有关司法解释.如对于黑社会性质组织与黑社会组织与犯罪集团如何区分,法律解释没有明确标准等等.防控措施包括：1加强社区组织建设,完善相关制度.包括：完善流动人口管理制度,加强对孤儿的教育和帮助,做好失足少年和劳改犯的帮教工作等.2规范市场经济秩序,以经济上扼制黑社会性质犯罪的发展.3加强对执法人员的监督和保护,预防保护伞的形成.

英语翻译我国1997年《刑法》中规定了黑社会性质组织犯罪.本文从三大方面来研究分析黑社会性质组织犯罪.首先是黑社会性质组织的认定.其次是黑社会性质组织犯罪的发展趋势.最后是立法
你看下行不?China in 1997,"Criminal Law" in the provisions of the criminal underworld organizations.In this paper,to study and analyze three major aspects of the nature of organized crime triads.The first is the identification of triad gangs.Followed by the Mafia organized crime trends.Finally,there is legislation to improve and control measures.In the first part of that triad,a study of the concept of triad gangs.That is,the use of violence,threats or other means to carry out organized criminal activities,dominate the party,non-evil,bully and harm the people,thus seriously undermining the economic and social life of the organization order.Mafia II study of the legal nature of organizations:1 triad is a special kind of crime syndicates,with their own characteristics.2 triad is the primary form of triad societies,but in essence the same.The latter after the former through the development of mature,complete the form.The term triad gangs in China to better reflect the actual current state of organized crime.Three organizations studied law Mafia features:1 Comparison of tight organization.2 there is a certain degree of economic power,the pursuit of economic interests.3,strong violence and some spheres of influence.4 are "umbrella" for the existence of.Five pairs of economic and social life of the serious destructive order.The second part of the development of the Mafia trends include:1 triad crimes tend to be more and more internationalized.2,Mafia corruption,organized crime will be more closely the collusion.Corruption in China,especially for the triad justice is precisely the nature of corruption provides an opportunity for crime.3 Mafia organized crime trends and equipment standardization and modernization.Mafia the last part of the organization of legislative measures to improve prevention and control.Legislation to improve include:1 should be to improve the relevant provisions of the Criminal Code include:(1) the lack of specific penalties.First of all,torture is not set property.Only a member of triad criminal penalty is difficult to obtain free general prevention and special prevention effect.Therefore,we should increase the property.First,the nature of the triad members of organized crime confiscation of property an additional punishment,or criminal fines.Second,the crime syndicate members with the confiscation of property to set up special measures.Followed by the sentence partial light settings.In addition,standardizing on punishment suited the crime and did not reflect the basic principles,there is no clearly defined the severity of triad organized crime,the circumstances of a lighter sentence and set different levels,is not conducive to the realization of the basic functions of the penalty.(2) narrow the scope of the crime of species.China should be created with a number of criminal syndicates specific types of crime in order to adapt to complete the establishment of strict criminal punishment of the crime system needs.2 should improve procedures for combating organized crime legislation.3 should be in improving the judicial interpretation.Organizations such as the nature of the triad and the triad societies and how to distinguish between criminal groups,the law did not clearly explain the criteria and so on.Prevention and control measures include:building a community-based organizations to strengthen and perfect the relevant systems.Include:improving the flow of population management system,strengthen education and help orphans,to do a good job he stepped help adolescents and the劳改犯work.2 standardize the market economic order,to curb the economic development of criminal syndicates.3 to strengthen the supervision of law enforcement personnel and protection to prevent the formation of umbrella.