宁波天一阁英文介绍

宁波天一阁英文介绍
宁波天一阁英文介绍

宁波天一阁英文介绍
The Tianyige Museum is take the book collection culture as a characteristic, melts the social history, art in a body's comprehensive museum, occupies a land area of 26000 square meters. The environment is quiet and tasteful, the botanical garden is fine, the building is plain, rich rich local characteristics. The entire distribution by the book collection culture area, the botanical garden leisure area, the exhibition display area three great merit energy region is composed. the Tianyige library is our country extant history most long private library, is also in the world one of extant earliest three private libraries, constructs from the bright Jiajing 40 years to 45 years (A.D. 1561-1566), originally for bright Ministry of War right vice minister Fan Qin's book collection place. Is announced in 1982 by the State Council for the nation key Cultural relic preservation organ. Presently hides each kind of ancient book nearly 300,000 volumes, the treasure wooden tablet used in ancient times for record keeping rare book 80,000 volumes, especially record by the Ming Dynasty local chronicle and the imperial civil service examination preciously. In recent years, my hall enterprise developed rapidly, increased the Chinese local chronicle collection hall, the silver Taiwan official residence museum, the mahjong source area exhibition hall successively and so on place. The Chinese local chronicle collection hall collects the national all levels of each kind of present age local chronicle more than 6730 book, accounts for the total above 80%. The silver Taiwan museum had demonstrated the Qing Dynasty officials others live at art and the chitectural art, attained for 2000 year “the national museum ten big high-quality goods exhibition best creativity prize”. The mahjong source area exhibition hall demonstrates mahjong's origin and with Ningbo's historical tracing by the three-dimensional space. Constructs in the 20s's Qin ancestral hall by its unique ancestral temple culture, the exquisite folk craft gasps in admiration for the tourist, and includes the fifth batch of nation key Cultural relic preservation organ ranks. the Tianyige Museum year to year holds each kind of calligraphy and painting display, is remarkable in the promotion of cultural and ethical progress aspect result, has won the provincial level Cultured and civilized work unit title since 1996, and is evaluated the provincial level patriotic education base, Ningpo good wind construction demonstration window, municipal afforested unit and city top-notch scenic site and so on.
　　天一阁属全国重点文物保护单位,坐落在浙江省宁波市月湖之西的天一街.天一阁是中国现存年代最早的私家藏
　　天一阁的藏书柜书楼,也是亚洲现有最古老的图书馆和世界最早的三大家族图书馆之一.始建于明嘉靖四十年（公元1561年）,由当时退隐的兵部右侍郎范钦主持建造.范钦平生喜欢收集古代典籍,后又得到鄞县李氏万卷楼的残存藏书,存书达到了七万多卷,其中以地方志和登科录最为珍稀.乾隆三十七年（公元1772年）,下诏开始修撰《四库全书》,范钦的八世孙范懋柱进献所藏之书638种,于是乾隆皇帝敕命测绘天一阁的房屋、书橱的款式,兴造了著名的“南北七阁”,用来收藏所撰修的七套《四库全书》,天一阁也从此名闻全国.明清以来,文人学者都为能登此楼阅览而自豪.
　　范钦为了保护藏书而订立了严格的族规,如女子不得上楼.世代的子孙严格遵循“代不分书,书不出阁”的遗教,但终因年代过于久远,藏书还是有很多的失散.嘉庆十三年（公元1808年）,阁内的藏书实有4094部,共53000多卷.鸦片战争时,英国侵略者掠去了《一统志》等数十种古籍.咸丰年间（公元1851～1861年）,又有盗贼潜入阁内,偷去了许多的藏书,转卖给法国的传教士和造纸厂.后来又经历了许多的变故,到1940年,阁内的藏书仅存1591部,共13038卷.新中国成立后,政府为了保护天一阁,专门设置了管理机构,探访得到了流失在外的3000多卷原藏书,又增入当地收藏家捐赠的古籍,现藏珍版善本达到了8万多卷.
　　范钦的私人藏书历经十三世,保存四百余年,虽然也有过几次大的失窃,但事后范氏族人又会想方设
　　天一阁外观法不惜重金赎回.历代藏书家很多,其藏书能保存百年以上的并不多见,而范氏藏书却保存至今,这与范钦对藏书的管理制度密不可分.天一阁藏书制度规定：“烟酒切忌登楼”、“代不分书,书不出阁”、还规定藏书柜门钥匙由子孙多房掌管,非各房齐集不得开锁,外姓人不得入阁,不得私自领亲友入阁,不得无故入阁,不得借书与外房他姓,违反者将受到严厉的处罚,还制订了防火、防水、防虫、防鼠、防盗等各项措施.正因为如此,天一阁的藏书才得以保存到今日.“外姓人不得入阁”一条,使得天一阁的藏书不为外人所知,直到1673年（清康熙12年）明末清初思想家黄宗羲才有幸成为外姓人登阁第一人!允许黄宗羲登阁的是范钦曾子孙（四世孙）范光燮.自此以后天一阁才进入相对开放的时代,但仍只有一些真正的大学者才会被允许登天一阁参观.
　　天一阁之名,取义于汉郑玄《易经注》中“天一生水”之说,因为火是藏书楼最大的祸患,而“天一生水”,可以以水克火,所以取名“天一阁”.书阁是硬山顶重楼式,面阔、进深各有六间,前后有长廊相互沟通.楼前有“天一池”,引水入池,蓄水以防火.康熙四年（公元1665年）,范钦的重孙范文光又绕池叠砌假山、修亭建桥、种花植草,使整个的楼阁及其周围初具江南私家园林的风貌.
　　天一阁面积约2.6万平方米,分藏书文化区、园林休闲区、陈列展览区.以宝书楼为中心的藏书文化区有东明草堂、范氏故居、尊经阁、明州碑林、千晋斋和新建藏书库.以东园为中心的园林休闲区有明池、假山、长廊、碑林、百鹅亭、凝晖堂等景点.以近代民居建筑秦氏支祠为中心的陈列展览区,包括芙蓉洲、闻氏宗祠和新建的书画馆.书画馆在秦祠西侧,粉墙黛瓦、黑柱褐梁,有宅六栋,曰：“云在楼,博雅堂,昼锦堂,画帘堂,状元厅,南轩.”与金碧辉煌的秦祠相映照.