谁能帮我简单梳理一下非谓语动词的用法··
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谁能帮我简单梳理一下非谓语动词的用法··
谁能帮我简单梳理一下非谓语动词的用法··
谁能帮我简单梳理一下非谓语动词的用法··
非谓语动词形式包括动名词、分词与不定式三类.不定式、分词与动名词都保留了动词的特征.分词如形容词,只没有名词的特征.动名词则只有名词的特征.不定式除不能独立做谓语外,可作句中每个成份.分词不能作主语,宾语和同位语.动名词不能作状语和谓语.
1.不定式和动名词都可以作主语,区别在于：不定式一般用于表示比较具体的某次行为或动作,而动名词则表示比较抽象的行为或动作.多数情况下,二者还可以互换,意义上没太大的差别.
eg:To smoke so much is not good for you.(具体）No smoking is permitted here.(抽象）
2.作谓语：现在分词用于构成各种进行时态；过去分词用于构成各种完成时态及被动语态.
eg:I am writing some words. He was reading at that time.
He has finished the work. English is spoken widely.
3.作宾语：不定式与动名词的比较.它们的搭配范围不同.
A.有些及物动词（常见21个）要求只跟不定式作宾语：“五望”：wish,hope(希望）desire(愿望）expect(盼望）long（渴望）“两求”：ask(请求）beg(恳求）swear.care,manage(设法）plan(计划）promise(答应）fear(害怕）agree(同意）refuse(拒绝）fail(未能）choose(选择）decide(决定）offer(提供）determine pretend(假装）.
B.有些及物动词（常见26个）要求只跟动名词作宾语：burst out,can't help, understand,contemplate,consider, can't resist,detest,excuse, put off, finish,resent,mind, defer, give up, leave off,enjoy, imagine, suggest, insist on, practice, avoid, miss, escape, prevent...from,keep...from, risk.
C.不定式与动名词均可做宾语的(16个)：learn,remember,forget,afraid, mean, dislike,like, love perfer,want need, try,stop,begin, start, regret.