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有没有巴黎的英文介绍?最好是关于,服装,香水,奢侈品.关于巴黎的一切
有没有巴黎的英文介绍?
最好是关于,服装,香水,奢侈品.
关于巴黎的一切

有没有巴黎的英文介绍?最好是关于,服装,香水,奢侈品.关于巴黎的一切
Paris (pronounced /ˈpærɨs/ in English; [paʁi] (help·info) in French) is the capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the River Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region (also known as the "Paris Region"; French: Région parisienne). The city of Paris within its administrative limits (largely unchanged since 1860) has an estimated population of 2,167,994 (January 2006).The Paris unité urbaine (or urban area) extends well beyond the administrative city limits and has an estimated population of 9.93 million (in 2005).The Paris aire urbaine (or metropolitan area) has a population of nearly 12 million, and is one of the most populated metropolitan areas in Europe.
An important settlement for more than two millennia, Paris is today one of the world's leading business and cultural centres, and its influence in politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion, science and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities. According to 2005 estimates by the PricewaterhouseCoopers accounting firm, the Paris urban area is Europe's biggest city economy,and is fifth in the world's list of cities by GDP.
The Paris Region, with �00.8 billion (US$628.9 billion), produced more than a quarter of the gross domestic product (GDP) of France in 2006.The Paris Region hosts 37 of the Fortune Global 500 companies in several business districts, notably La Défense, the largest purpose-built business district in Europe. Paris also hosts many international organizations such as UNESCO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and the informal Paris Club.
Paris is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world, with over 30 million foreign visitors per year.There are numerous iconic landmarks among its many attractions, along with world-famous institutions and popular parks.

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Paris
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the capital of France. For other uses, see Paris (disambi...

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Paris
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the capital of France. For other uses, see Paris (disambiguation).
Coordinates: 48°52′0〃N, 2°19′59〃E
Paris
City flag City coat of arms
Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur
(Latin: "Tossed by the waves, she does not sink")
The Eiffel Tower (foreground) and the skyscrapers of Paris's suburban La Défense business district (background).
Location
Time Zone CET (UTC +1)
Coordinates 48°52′0〃N, 2°19′59〃E
Administration
Country France
Region Île-de-France
Department Paris (75)
Subdivisions 20 arrondissements
Mayor Bertrand Delanoë (PS)
(2008-2014)
City Statistics
Land area¹ 86.9[1] km²
Population²
(Jan. 2006 estimate) 2,167,994
- Ranking 1st in France
- Density 24,948/km² (2006[1])
Urban Spread
Urban Area 2 723 km² (1999)
- Population 9,644,507 (1999)
Metro Area 14,518.3 km² (1999)
- Population 12,067,000 (2007)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
2 Population sans doubles comptes: residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel) only counted once.
Paris (pronounced /ˈpærɨs/ in English; [paʁi] (help·info) in French) is the capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the River Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region (also known as the "Paris Region"; French: Région parisienne). The city of Paris within its administrative limits (largely unchanged since 1860) has an estimated population of 2,167,994 (January 2006).[2] The Paris unité urbaine (or urban area) extends well beyond the administrative city limits and has an estimated population of 9.93 million (in 2005).[3] The Paris aire urbaine (or metropolitan area) has a population of nearly 12 million,[4] and is one of the most populated metropolitan areas in Europe.[5]
An important settlement for more than two millennia, Paris is today one of the world's leading business and cultural centres, and its influence in politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion, science and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities.[6] According to 2005 estimates by the PricewaterhouseCoopers accounting firm, the Paris urban area is Europe's biggest city economy,[7] and is fifth in the world's list of cities by GDP.[8]
The Paris Region, with €500.8 billion (US$628.9 billion), produced more than a quarter of the gross domestic product (GDP) of France in 2006.[9] The Paris Region hosts 37 of the Fortune Global 500 companies[10] in several business districts, notably La Défense, the largest purpose-built business district in Europe.[11] Paris also hosts many international organizations such as UNESCO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and the informal Paris Club.
Paris is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world, with over 30 million foreign visitors per year.[12] There are numerous iconic landmarks among its many attractions, along with world-famous institutions and popular parks.
Contents [hide]
1 Etymology
2 History
2.1 Beginnings
2.2 Middle ages
2.3 Nineteenth century
2.4 Twentieth century
2.5 Twenty-first century
3 Geography
3.1 Climate
4 Cityscape
4.1 Architecture
4.2 Districts and historical centres
4.2.1 City of Paris
4.2.2 In the Paris area
4.3 Monuments and landmarks
4.4 Parks and gardens
4.5 Cemeteries
5 Culture
5.1 Opera & theatre
5.2 Cuisine
5.3 Movies
5.4 Tourism
5.5 Sports
6 Economy
7 Demographics
7.1 Density
7.2 Paris agglomeration
7.3 Immigration
8 Administration
8.1 Capital of France
8.2 City government
8.3 Municipal offices
8.4 Capital of the Île-de-France région
8.5 Intercommunality
9 Education
9.1 Primary and secondary education
9.2 Higher education
9.3 Universities
9.4 Grandes écoles
10 Transportation
11 Water and sanitation
12 International relations
12.1 Sister city
12.2 Partner cities
13 See also
14 References
15 Further reading
16 External links
[edit] Etymology
The name Paris pronounced [ˈpaɹɪs] in English and [paʁi] (help·info) in French, derives from that of its pre-Roman-era inhabitants, the Gaulish tribe known as the Parisii. The city was called Lutetia (/lutetja/) (more fully, Lutetia Parisiorum, "Lutetia of the Parisii"), during the first- to sixth-century Roman occupation, but during the reign of Julian the Apostate (361–363) the city was renamed as Paris.[13]
Other authors consider that the name of the Parisii tribe comes from the Celtic Gallic word parisio meaning "the working people" or "the craftsmen."[14] Since the early 20th century, Paris has been known as Paname ([panam]) in French slang (Moi j'suis d'Paname, i.e. "I'm from Paname"), a slang name that has been regaining favor with young people in recent years.
Paris has many nicknames, but its most famous is "The City of Light" (La Ville-lumière), a name it owes both to its fame as a centre of education and ideas and its early adoption of street lighting. Paris since the early 20th century has also been known in Parisian slang as Paname ([panam]; Moi j'suis d'Paname (help·info), i.e. "I'm from Paname").
Paris' inhabitants are known in English as "Parisians" ([pʰəˈɹɪzɪənz] or [pʰəˈɹiːʒn̩z]) and in French as Parisiens ([paʁizjɛ̃] (help·info)). Parisians are often pejoratively called Parigots ([paʁigo] (help·info)) by those living outside the Paris region, but the term may be considered endearing by Parisians themselves.
See Wiktionary for the name of Paris in various languages other than English and French.
[edit] History

Roman bath beneath the Latin Quarter.
The Louvre castle from the 15th century Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry.Main article: History of Paris
[edit] Beginnings
The earliest archaeological signs of permanent habitation in the Paris area date from around 4200 BC.[15] The Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, known as boatsmen and traders[citation needed], inhabited the area near the river Seine from around 250 BC[citation needed]. The Romans conquered the Paris basin in 52 BC,[15] with a permanent settlement by the end of the same century on the Left Bank Sainte Geneviève Hill and the Île de la Cité island. The Gallo-Roman town was originally called Lutetia, but later Gallicised to Lutèce. It expanded greatly over the following centuries, becoming a prosperous city with a forum, palaces, baths, temples, theatres and an amphitheatre.[16] The collapse of the Roman empire and the third-century Germanic invasions sent the city into a period of decline. By 400 AD Lutèce, by then largely abandoned by its inhabitants, was little more than a garrison town entrenched into the hastily fortified central island.[15] The city reclaimed its original appellation of "Paris" towards the end of the Roman occupation.
[edit] Middle ages
Paris lost its position as seat of the French realm during occupation of the English-allied Burgundians during the Hundred Years' War, but regained its title when Charles VII reclaimed the city in 1437. Although Paris was capital once again, the Crown preferred to remain in its Loire Valley castles[citation needed]. During the French Wars of Religion, Paris was a stronghold of the Catholic party, culminating in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre (1572). King Henry IV re-established the royal court in Paris in 1594 after he converted to Roman Catholicism (with this historic sentence: Paris is well worth a Mass). During the Fronde, Parisians rose in rebellion and the royal family fled the city (1648). King Louis XIV then moved the royal court permanently to Versailles in 1682. A century later, Paris was the centre stage for the French Revolution, with the Storming of the Bastille in 1789 and the overthrow of the monarchy in 1792[citation needed].
[edit] Nineteenth century
The Industrial Revolution, the French Second Empire, and the Belle Époque brought Paris the greatest development in its history. From the 1840s, rail transport allowed an unprecedented flow of migrants into Paris attracted by employment in the new industries in the suburbs. The city underwent a massive renovation under Napoleon III and his préfet Haussmann, who levelled entire districts of narrow, winding medieval streets to create the network of wide avenues and neo-classical façades of modern Paris. This programme of "Haussmannization" was designed to make the city both more beautiful and more sanitary for its inhabitants, although it did have the added benefit that in case of future revolts or revolutions, cavalry charges and rifle fire could be used to deal with the insurrection while the rebel tactic of barricading so often used during the Revolution would become obsolete.[17]
Cholera epidemics in 1832 and 1849 affected the population of Paris—the 1832 epidemic alone claimed 20,000 of the then population of 650,000.[18] Paris also suffered greatly from the siege which ended the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871): in the chaos caused by the fall of Napoleon III's government, the Commune of Paris (1871) sent many of Paris' administrative centres (and city archives) up in flames while 20,000 Parisians were killed by fighting between Commune and Government forces in what became known as the semaine sanglante (Bloody Week).[19]
Paris recovered rapidly from these events to host the famous Universal Expositions of the late nineteenth century.[20] The Eiffel Tower was built for the French Revolution centennial 1889 Universal Exposition, as a "temporary" display of architectural engineering prowess but remained the world's tallest building until 1930, and is the city's best-known landmark, while the 1900 Universal Exposition saw the opening of the first Paris Métro line. Paris' World's Fairs also consolidated its position in the tourist industry and as an attractive setting for international technology and trade shows.[20]
[edit] Twentieth century
During World War I, Paris was at the forefront of the war effort, having been spared a German invasion

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