英语翻译必须是外国文献翻译过来的，有关数学或教育都行。中译英就算了

英语翻译必须是外国文献翻译过来的，有关数学或教育都行。中译英就算了
英语翻译
必须是外国文献翻译过来的，有关数学或教育都行。中译英就算了

英语翻译必须是外国文献翻译过来的，有关数学或教育都行。中译英就算了
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我想要下载数学公式，但没有财富值，所以就随便回答问题了，呵呵，不好意思啊！

Innovative education is to train a person's innovation spirit and innovation ability is a basic value orientation of education. In order to meet the challenge of knowledge economy era, request mathema...

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Innovative education is to train a person's innovation spirit and innovation ability is a basic value orientation of education. In order to meet the challenge of knowledge economy era, request mathematics teacher in middle school mathematics teaching, we must attach importance to education, the innovation to teach basic knowledge and gradually cultivate students' innovative consciousness and creative thinking, creating good combine the teaching environment, consciously cultivate students' innovation consciousness, stimulate students' creative motivation, the development of students' innovation ability and fostering the development of a new generation to adapt to the new century. A, mathematics teaching innovation must be correctly understood the essence of education The so-called "innovation education", it is to point to in the basic education phase to cultivate students' innovation consciousness, innovative thinking and innovation ability is a basic value orientation of education practice, students in class to impose innovation through education, make them as an independent individuals, in the original foundation up discovery, knowledge useful new knowledge, new things, new thinking, new methods, mastering the basic rule and have corresponding ability, for future become "innovation-oriented" talents based. Lay the comprehensive Mathematics as a fundamental subject, a door must be implemented innovation education spiritual essence, widely carry out various forms of innovation education in mathematics teaching of primary and middle school students, through education and impose influence, led them to understand mathematics field of new discovery, new thoughts, new methods, grasp the general rules, and cultivate their has certain mathematical ability, creative talents for future become lay mathematics quality foundation.
Second, adhere to the "people-oriented" actively explore new teaching modes and methods, and cultivate students' innovation consciousness Innovation consciousness is refers to learners active found the problem, and actively explore the ideas and methods to solve problems, and give full play to their potential a psychological tendency. Therefore, math teaching must set up "student-oriented" thought, establish training students' innovative abilities education teaching concept, and takes it as a guide, organize the teaching in different directions. 1. Should attach importance to the emotional needs of the students, trying to build relaxed and lively classroom atmosphere and harmonious relation between teacher and students Psychology research shows that people in the mood is low level of thinking when only one half of high mood. Thus mathematics teachers must pay attention to the emotional needs of the students, be good at math with his emotions to mobilize the fiery students to mathematics study good emotions, and build a good learning environment. Through the establishment relaxed harmonious teaching atmosphere to be full of passion, by affection of estrogen, initiates student, lets the student emotions comfortable, thereby urging have fun learning students to think actively mathematical concepts, theorem, formula and issues, students in the emotional domination, thinking spirit to very agile Victoria and can burst out math innovation consciousness in the twinkling of an eye. 2. Creating context, let students hands-on practice and experience, stimulates the student to explore desire Many mathematical problems in life practice itself found in people, and put forward in teaching of certain teaching situation, create, and guide students to stimulate the students' interest in hands-on practice, emotion activity practice combined and perceptual activities, stimulate students' thinking, make its creativity get maximum found and play. For example in the speak triangle when falling theorem, it could be set question: (1) cut good ⊿ ABC pieces of paper before class, ∠ A, cut ∠ B and ∠ C together and observe their composition what cape? (2) which can you guess what conclusion? Students in brain, hands-on, move the eye, saying in the practice of own inquiry achievements harvest, cultivate the observing ability, stimulated the students learn mathematics interest and explore the potential. Enable students to obtain the inquiry of fun, cognitive fun, innovation of fun. Visible, the institution of teaching situation to cultivate students' innovation consciousness. 3. Cultivate mathematical innovation idea The establishment of the concept of mathematical innovation, not accomplished overnight in mathematics education, it is under the influence of long-term accumulated, long-term seepage, gradually formed in imperceptible. High school math innovation concept is to cultivate students the key period. Middle school students are in the golden age of intellectual development, but also physical and mental development and the world outlook, the outlook on life, the values of the most important period in the form. So teachers should be in accordance with their aptitude, create good occasion, the education condition and mobilize all positive factors, promote the formation of students' mathematical innovation concept. (1) encourage students dare to innovation, dares to innovate (2) contact life reality, expanding to explore space, cultivate students' innovative consciousness.
Three, cultivating students' innovative ability Innovation ability is a student mathematics quality, mathematical ability centralism manifests. The innovation ability, is mainly refers to the students can creatively found problems, this paper puts forward problems ability and creative use of knowledge and previous experience analysis problem, problem-solving ability. The innovation ability is the comprehensive embodiment of the quality of innovation, both creative thinking, also including the innovation ability, innovation emotions and innovative personality factors. 1. Paying attention to the cultivation of the students' thinking ability, training innovative thinking Mathematics is thinking of gymnastics, therefore, if can arrange of mathematics teaching material, wonderful opportunely, create a good guide to the context of thinking, training the students' thinking is very beneficial. In the teaching should break "teacher speak, students listen to" routine teaching, become "teach" to "explore", fully exposed the process of knowledge acquisition, prompting students begin into innovative thinking state, with the identity to find problems explorer, sums up the rule. 2. Cultivate mathematical ability, form the innovative skills Modern creation theory suggests that, in order to create thinking as the core of the innovative skills not by imparting for, and is not intended to teach out, it is often the "creator through psychological hot flashes period" and "brain storm" of "insight" after. Therefore, in the classroom teaching training students' innovative skills must rely on the subtle influence method, lets the student experience in continuously in the learning process, comprehend innovative thinking skills. In classroom teaching, we should guide the student to the future of things, and thereby fantasy bold goal oriented fantasy, and stimulate students' reorganization, migration, the comprehensive use of knowledge, to search for various will fantasy goal into reality of the way, thus promoting innovation skills. 3. Advocate, experience learning mathematics success inspired the respect of others In mathematics teaching, encouraging students to establish the comrade Chou en-lai "for the Chinese rise books" lofty ideal; Edison's invention as having a firm belief of the filament. Teachers should intentionally creating successful opportunity, help students achieve success, with some experience their success, from the success of inspire, thereby enhancing innovation motive, enthusiasm and confidence. In a word, innovation education is the quality education, high-level innovation consciousness, innovation spirit and innovation ability training is the core content of quality education and ultimate aim, how in mathematics teaching of fostering innovative consciousness and innovative ability, make the students happy growth of innovation, it is an important and difficult topic, that remains to be in our teaching practice in future further discussion and perfect.

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Innovative education is to train a person's innovation spirit and innovation ability is a basic value orientation of education. In order to meet the challenge of knowledge economy era, request mathema...

全部展开

Innovative education is to train a person's innovation spirit and innovation ability is a basic value orientation of education. In order to meet the challenge of knowledge economy era, request mathematics teacher in middle school mathematics teaching, we must attach importance to education, the innovation to teach basic knowledge and gradually cultivate students' innovative consciousness and creative thinking, creating good combine the teaching environment, consciously cultivate students' innovation consciousness, stimulate students' creative motivation, the development of students' innovation ability and fostering the development of a new generation to adapt to the new century. A, mathematics teaching innovation must be correctly understood the essence of education The so-called "innovation education", it is to point to in the basic education phase to cultivate students' innovation consciousness, innovative thinking and innovation ability is a basic value orientation of education practice, students in class to impose innovation through education, make them as an independent individuals, in the original foundation up discovery, knowledge useful new knowledge, new things, new thinking, new methods, mastering the basic rule and have corresponding ability, for future become "innovation-oriented" talents based. Lay the comprehensive Mathematics as a fundamental subject, a door must be implemented innovation education spiritual essence, widely carry out various forms of innovation education in mathematics teaching of primary and middle school students, through education and impose influence, led them to understand mathematics field of new discovery, new thoughts, new methods, grasp the general rules, and cultivate their has certain mathematical ability, creative talents for future become lay mathematics quality foundation.
Second, adhere to the "people-oriented" actively explore new teaching modes and methods, and cultivate students' innovation consciousness Innovation consciousness is refers to learners active found the problem, and actively explore the ideas and methods to solve problems, and give full play to their potential a psychological tendency. Therefore, math teaching must set up "student-oriented" thought, establish training students' innovative abilities education teaching concept, and takes it as a guide, organize the teaching in different directions. 1. Should attach importance to the emotional needs of the students, trying to build relaxed and lively classroom atmosphere and harmonious relation between teacher and students Psychology research shows that people in the mood is low level of thinking when only one half of high mood. Thus mathematics teachers must pay attention to the emotional needs of the students, be good at math with his emotions to mobilize the fiery students to mathematics study good emotions, and build a good learning environment. Through the establishment relaxed harmonious teaching atmosphere to be full of passion, by affection of estrogen, initiates student, lets the student emotions comfortable, thereby urging have fun learning students to think actively mathematical concepts, theorem, formula and issues, students in the emotional domination, thinking spirit to very agile Victoria and can burst out math innovation consciousness in the twinkling of an eye. 2. Creating context, let students hands-on practice and experience, stimulates the student to explore desire Many mathematical problems in life practice itself found in people, and put forward in teaching of certain teaching situation, create, and guide students to stimulate the students' interest in hands-on practice, emotion activity practice combined and perceptual activities, stimulate students' thinking, make its creativity get maximum found and play. For example in the speak triangle when falling theorem, it could be set question: (1) cut good ⊿ ABC pieces of paper before class, ∠ A, cut ∠ B and ∠ C together and observe their composition what cape? (2) which can you guess what conclusion? Students in brain, hands-on, move the eye, saying in the practice of own inquiry achievements harvest, cultivate the observing ability, stimulated the students learn mathematics interest and explore the potential. Enable students to obtain the inquiry of fun, cognitive fun, innovation of fun. Visible, the institution of teaching situation to cultivate students' innovation consciousness. 3. Cultivate mathematical innovation idea The establishment of the concept of mathematical innovation, not accomplished overnight in mathematics education, it is under the influence of long-term accumulated, long-term seepage, gradually formed in imperceptible. High school math innovation concept is to cultivate students the key period. Middle school students are in the golden age of intellectual development, but also physical and mental development and the world outlook, the outlook on life, the values of the most important period in the form. So teachers should be in accordance with their aptitude, create good occasion, the education condition and mobilize all positive factors, promote the formation of students' mathematical innovation concept. (1) encourage students dare to innovation, dares to innovate (2) contact life reality, expanding to explore space, cultivate students' innovative consciousness.
Three, cultivating students' innovative ability Innovation ability is a student mathematics quality, mathematical ability centralism manifests. The innovation ability, is mainly refers to the students can creatively found problems, this paper puts forward problems ability and creative use of knowledge and previous experience analysis problem, problem-solving ability. The innovation ability is the comprehensive embodiment of the quality of innovation, both creative thinking, also including the innovation ability, innovation emotions and innovative personality factors. 1. Paying attention to the cultivation of the students' thinking ability, training innovative thinking Mathematics is thinking of gymnastics, therefore, if can arrange of mathematics teaching material, wonderful opportunely, create a good guide to the context of thinking, training the students' thinking is very beneficial. In the teaching should break "teacher speak, students listen to" routine teaching, become "teach" to "explore", fully exposed the process of knowledge acquisition, prompting students begin into innovative thinking state, with the identity to find problems explorer, sums up the rule. 2. Cultivate mathematical ability, form the innovative skills Modern creation theory suggests that, in order to create thinking as the core of the innovative skills not by imparting for, and is not intended to teach out, it is often the "creator through psychological hot flashes period" and "brain storm" of "insight" after. Therefore, in the classroom teaching training students' innovative skills must rely on the subtle influence method, lets the student experience in continuously in the learning process, comprehend innovative thinking skills. In classroom teaching, we should guide the student to the future of things, and thereby fantasy bold goal oriented fantasy, and stimulate students' reorganization, migration, the comprehensive use of knowledge, to search for various will fantasy goal into reality of the way, thus promoting innovation skills. 3. Advocate, experience learning mathematics success inspired the respect of others In mathematics teaching, encouraging students to establish the comrade Chou en-lai "for the Chinese rise books" lofty ideal; Edison's invention as having a firm belief of the filament. Teachers should intentionally creating successful opportunity, help students achieve success, with some experience their success, from the success of inspire, thereby enhancing innovation motive, enthusiasm and confidence. In a word, innovation education is the quality education, high-level innovation consciousness, innovation spirit and innovation ability training is the core content of quality education and ultimate aim, how in mathematics teaching of fostering innovative consciousness and innovative ability, make the students happy growth of innovation, it is an important and difficult topic, that remains to be in our teaching practice in future further discussion and perfect.
创新教育是以培养人的创新精神和创新能力为基本价值取向的教育。为了迎接知识经济时代的挑战，要求数学教师在中学数学教学中，必须重视创新教育，把传授基础知识和逐步培养学生的创新意识和创造性思维结合起来，创造良好的教学环境，有意识的培养学生的创新意识，激发学生的创造动机，发展学生的创新能力，为国家培养出适应新世纪发展的一代新人。

一、数学教学中必须正确理解创新教育的实质

所谓“创新教育”，是指在基础教育阶段，以培养学生创新意识、创新思维、创新能力为基本价值取向的教育实践，在课堂上通过对学生施以创新教育，使他们作为一个独立的个体，在原有的基础上去发现、认识有用的新知识、新事物、新思维、新方法，掌握基本规律并具备相应的能力，为将来成为“创新型”人才奠定全面的基础。数学作为一门基础学科，必须全面贯彻创新教育的精神实质，广泛开展多种形式的创新教育，在数学教学中，通过对中小学生施以教育和影响，促使他们去认识数学领域的新发现、新思想、新方法等，掌握其一般规律，培养他们具有一定的数学能力，为将来成为创新型人才奠定数学素质基础。

二、坚持“以人为本”积极探索新的教学方式方法，培养学生的创新意识

创新意识是指学习者主动发现问题，积极探求解决问题的思路和方法，从而充分发挥自己的潜能的一种心理趋向。因此，数学课的教学必须树立“以学生发展为本”的思想，建立培养学生创新能力的教育教学观，并以此为指导，从不同方向组织教学。
1. 要重视学生的情感需求，努力营造轻松活泼的课堂气氛和融洽的师生关系
心理学研究表明，人在情绪低落时的思维水平只有情绪高涨时的二分之一。因此数学教师必须重视学生的情感需求，要善于用自己炽热的数学情感去调动激发学生对数学学习的美好情感，营造一个良好的学习环境。通过创设轻松和谐的教学氛围，以饱满的激情，以情动情，引发学生的情感的共鸣，让学生舒心愉快地学习，进而促使学生积极思考数学概念，定理，公式和问题等，学生在情感的支配下，思维灵维而敏捷从而极有能迸发出数学创新意识的灵光。
2. 创设情境，让学生亲自动手实践、体验，激发学生探究欲望
许多数学问题本身就是人们在生活实践中发现和提出的，在教学中创设一定的教学情境，激发学生兴趣，引导学生亲自动手动脑实践，把情感活动和感知活动结合起来，激活学生的思维，使其创造力得到最大限度地发现和发挥。例如在讲三角形内角和定理时，可以这样设置问题：
（1）把课前剪好的⊿ABC纸片，剪下∠A、∠B和∠C拼在一起，观察它们组成什么角？
（2）由此你能猜出什么结论？
学生在动脑、动手、动眼、动口的实践中收获了自己的探究成果，培养了观察能力，激发了学生学数学的兴趣和探究潜能。使学生获得了探究的乐趣、认知的乐趣、创新的乐趣。可见教学情境的创设，有利于培养学生的创新意识。
3. 培养数学创新观念
数学创新观念的确立，绝非一朝一夕就能完成，它是在数学教育的影响下，长期积累，长期渗透，在潜移默化中逐渐形成的。中学阶段是培养学生数学创新观念的关键时期。中学生正处于智力发展的黄金时期，也是身心发展和世界观、人生观、价值观形成的最重要时期。因此教师应因势利导、因材施教，创设良好的教育条件，调动各种积极因素，促进学生数学创新观念的形成。
（1）鼓励学生敢于创新，勇于创新
（2）联系生活实际，拓展探究的空间，培养学生的创新意识。
三、培养学生的创新能力

创新能力是一个学生数学素质，数学能力的集中体现。创新能力，主要是指学生能够创造性地发现问题，提出问题的能力以及创造性地运用所学的知识和已有的经验分析问题，解决问题的能力。创新能力是个人创新素质的综合体现，既包括创造性思维，也包括创新技能，创新情感和创新人格等因素。
1. 注重学生思维能力的培养，训练创新思维
数学是思维的体操，因此，若能对数学教材巧安排，对问题妙引导，创设一个良好的思维情境，对学生的思维训练是非常有益的。在教学中应打破“老师讲，学生听”的常规教学，变“传授”为“探究”，充分暴露知识形成的过程，促使学生一开始就进入创新思维状态中，以探索者的身份去发现问题、总结规律。
2. 培养数学能力，形成创新技能
现代创造理论表明，以创造思维为核心的创新技能不是靠传授而得到的，也不是手把手教出来的，它往往是创造者经过心理的“烘热期”和“脑风暴”后的“顿悟”。因而，课堂教学中培养学生创新技能必须依靠潜移默化的熏陶方法，让学生在不断经历的学习过程中，感悟到创新思维的技巧。在课堂教学中，我们应引导学生对事物的未来大胆进行幻想，并以此幻想目标为导向，激励学生改组、迁移、综合运用掌握的知识，寻找各种将幻想目标化为现实的途径，从而增进创新技能。
3. 倡导成功激励，体验数学学习的成功感
在数学教学中，激励学生要树立周恩来同志“为中华之崛起而读书”的远大理想；具有像爱迪生发明灯丝一样的坚定信念。教师要有意创设成功的机遇，帮助学生实现成功，体验成功，从以有的成功中获得激励，从而增强创新的动机、热情和信心。
总之，创新教育是高层次的素质教育，创新意识、创新精神、创新能力的培养是素质教育的核心内容和终极目标，如何在数学教学中培养创新意识、创新能力，使学生在创新的快乐中成长是一个重要而艰巨的课题，这仍有待于我们在今后的教学实践中进一步探讨和完善。

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