英语翻译Chinese listed companies have been required to disclose related party transactionssince 1997.This disclosure was incomplete and irregular in the first year (Yuan 1998),but more systematic thereafter.Most companies report in a special foot

英语翻译Chinese listed companies have been required to disclose related party transactionssince 1997.This disclosure was incomplete and irregular in the first year (Yuan 1998),but more systematic thereafter.Most companies report in a special foot
英语翻译
Chinese listed companies have been required to disclose related party transactions
since 1997.This disclosure was incomplete and irregular in the first year (Yuan 1998),but more systematic thereafter.Most companies report in a special footnote
to their financial statements the identity of their related parties,the relation with
these related parties (for example,percentage of shares held),and the types and
amounts of related party transactions.Due to the complexity of some Chinese
corporate groups,footnote disclosures of these connected dealings can be very
complicated.For instance,Shanghai Dragon Corporation reported more than 140
transactions with more than 100 related parties in 2002 alone.
Based on the financial statement footnotes on related party transactions,we
manually collect and classify each transaction by the nature of the transaction and
the related party involved.Generally,the major related parties are the shareholders
(or companies in the shareholder’s group),the subsidiaries and the associated
companies of the listed companies.Some other related parties include the
subsidiary’s minority shareholders and the listed companies’ ex-shareholders.We
classify related party transactions into 17 different types of transactions.The firmyear
frequency and the average value for each transaction are as follows:sales
(47.29%,RMB 303 million),purchases of goods and products (44.50%,RMB 5.5
billion),accounts receivable and payable (37.07%,RMB 1 billion),loans to and
from related parties and other receivables and payables (51.32%,RMB 1.8 billion),
service revenues (12.53%,RMB 78 million) and expenses (22.08%,RMB 66
million),interest income (14.57%,RMB 11 million) and expenses (3.6%,RMB 18
million),asset purchases (10.44%,RMB 136 million) and sales (5.69%,RMB 75
million),stock purchases (7.95%,RMB 6.8 billion) and sales (5.56%,RMB 51
million),rent revenues (11.90%,RMB 10 million) and expenses (28.63%,RMB 35
million),joint investments (2.73%,RMB 83 million),and loan guarantees to related
parties (24.87%,RMB 1.4 billion) and from related parties (23.49%,RMB 3.6
billion).The average total assets of these firms are RMB 1.96 billion.
Our sample period covers 1998 through 2002.All financial and stock return
variables are obtained from the China Securities Market and Accounting Research
(CSMAR) Database.We use two market indexes and two regional variables to
capture the cross-region variation in institutional development.The first market
index is the Market Development Index,which was developed by Fan and Wang
(2003).This index has been widely used in economics research on China,including
that by Li et al.(2006) and Gwartney et al.(2005).The second market index is the
Deregulation Index,which was developed by Demurger et al.(2002) using the
number of special economic zones developed in a region as a proxy for market
development.

英语翻译Chinese listed companies have been required to disclose related party transactionssince 1997.This disclosure was incomplete and irregular in the first year (Yuan 1998),but more systematic thereafter.Most companies report in a special foot
整个儿的实在翻译不下去 帮你几句吧 从1997年起 中国的上市公司被要求公开集团内交易（也叫关联方交易）,在头一年这种公示制度是不完备且非正规的（也就是1998年）,但那之后逐渐系统化了.大多公司以一种特殊脚注方式在财务报表上标明关联方身份,关联方与公司的联系（比如,持有股份的百分比）关联方交易的种类与数量.由于国内企业集团的复杂性,有关交易的脚注公示也非常复杂.举个例子,上海龙公司光在2002年的140多个交易中,就报告了超过100个的关联方.
本人翻译的 累死了 查了好多专业名词..

中国股票上市公司已要求披露关联方transactionssince 1997。这种披露是不完整的和不规则的第一年（1998元），但更系统之后。大多数公司的报告中特别有启发性的财务报表的相关当事人的身份，这些相关关系（例如，当事人的持股比例），和类型andamounts关联交易。由于复杂的一些chinesecorporate群体，附注披露这些连接交易变得很复杂。例如，上海龙公司报告超过140tran...

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中国股票上市公司已要求披露关联方transactionssince 1997。这种披露是不完整的和不规则的第一年（1998元），但更系统之后。大多数公司的报告中特别有启发性的财务报表的相关当事人的身份，这些相关关系（例如，当事人的持股比例），和类型andamounts关联交易。由于复杂的一些chinesecorporate群体，附注披露这些连接交易变得很复杂。例如，上海龙公司报告超过140transactions超过100个有关各方在2002。根据财务报表附注对关联交易，wemanually收集和分类每个交易，交易的性质和相关方的参与。一般来说，主要的相关当事人（或公司股东在股东集团）的子公司，并associatedcompanies的股票上市公司。其他一些相关当事人包括子公司的少数股东和股票上市公司' ex-shareholders。weclassify关联交易分为17个不同类型的交易。该firmyearfrequency和平均值为每个交易如下：销售（47.29%，303000000元），购买商品和产品（44.50%，人民币5.5billion），应收账款和应付（37.07%，1000000000），从关联方的贷款及其他应收账款和应付账款（51.32%，1800000000），（服务收入12.53%，人民币78000000元）和费用（22.08%，人民币66million），利息收入（14.57%，11000000）和费用（人民币3.6%，18 million），购买资产（10.44%，136000000）和（5.69%，人民币为7500万英镑），购买股票（7.95%，6800000000）和（5.56%，人民币51million），租金收入（11.90%，10000000）和费用（28.63%，人民币三千五百万），联合投资（2.73%，83000000），和贷款担保relatedparties（24.87%，1400000000）和相关方（23.49%，人民币3.6billion）。平均总资产1960000000人民币，这些公司。我们的样本包含1998到2002。所有金融和股票returnvariables是从中国证券市场与会计研究（csmar）数据库。我们用市场指标和区域变量捕获的跨区差异的制度发展。第一marketindex是市场发展指数，这是由风扇和王（2003）。该指数已广泛应用于经济学研究在中国，includingthat李等人。（2006）和格瓦特尼等人。2005。二级市场指数thederegulation指数，这是由海鸥等。（2002）使用的特别经济区在区域作为一个代理市场的发展。

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太长了吧。10块钱都没人来译，别说10分了。