英语中时态有几种?宾语重句呢?分别是怎样的呢?

英语中时态有几种?宾语重句呢?分别是怎样的呢?
英语中时态有几种?宾语重句呢?分别是怎样的呢?

英语中时态有几种?宾语重句呢?分别是怎样的呢?
11.1 一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用.
时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实.
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中.
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败.
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时.
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性.
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
11.1 一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用.
时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实.
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中.
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败.
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时.
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性.
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作.再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时.
11.2 一般过去时的用法
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态.
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等.
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作.
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了.
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了.
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等.
I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些.
比较：
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在.
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含义：她已不在人间.)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含义：她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州.)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)
注意： 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气.
1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等.
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2）情态动词 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
11.3 used to / be used to
used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在.
Mother used not to be so forgetful.
Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步)
be used to + doing： 对……已感到习惯,或"习惯于",to是介词,后需加名词或动名词.
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)
典型例题
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It's 69568442.
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't
答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语,但从语意上看 出,在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去,因此应用过去时.
11.5 be going to / will
用于条件句时, be going to 表将来
will 表意愿
If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
11.6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事.
be going to 表示主观的打算或计划.
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排)
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排)
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语.宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略.
当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响,按需要可以使用任何时态.
如： She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.
她说她从周一至周五上班.（从句是一般现在时）
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条.（从句是一般将来时）
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山.（从句是现在完成时）
当主句谓语是过去时态,从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态.
如：He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课.（从句是一般过去时）
He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿.（从句是过去将来时）
He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们那时正在开会.（从句是过去进行时）
*当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理（事实）时, 宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时.
如：The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人.
She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her. 她说她父亲比她大二十八岁.
He said that light travels much faster than sound.
他说光传播比声音传播快得多.
宾语从句（二）
由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句.
引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同.但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.
例如：
We don't know whether (if) it is right.
我们不知道它是否正确.
The question is whether she should do that.
问题在于她是否应该做那件事.
Whether it is true remains a question.
是真是假还是个问题.
试比较：
当if从句处在主句之后作“是否”讲时,引出的是宾语从句.
例如：
I don't know if it is true.
我不知道这事是否真实.
当if从句在主句之前作“如果”讲,则引出状语从句.
例如：
I shall go there if I have time.
如果我有时间,我将到那儿去.
when,where,why属于关系副词,都在其引导的定语从句中充当状语,其具体用法如下：
1. 关系副词 when引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示时间的先行词,在定语从句中充当时间状语.例如：
I still remember the day when I first met Jennifer.我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天.
Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown,is approaching. 下个月即将来临,届时你们将在家乡度暑假.
2. 关系副词where引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示地点的先行词,在定语从句中充当地点状语.例如：
This is the office where he worked. 这就是他工作过的办公室.
She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends. 她要到澳门去定居, 在那里她有几个密友.
3. 关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语.例如：
I don’t know the reason why he came so late. 我不知道他来得那么晚的原因.
That is the reason why I don’t want to go. 那就是我不想去的理由.
He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset.他没有告诉我他为什么那样心烦意乱.

16种时态，有些是要学的，有些不用学的，也很少用，但是可以举一反三：
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
过去将来进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
将来完成时
过去将来完成时
现在完成进行时
过去完成进行时
将来完成进行时
过...

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16种时态，有些是要学的，有些不用学的，也很少用，但是可以举一反三：
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
过去将来进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
将来完成时
过去将来完成时
现在完成进行时
过去完成进行时
将来完成进行时
过去将来完成进行时
简单句子中：-我喜欢你。
我是主语。喜欢是谓语。你是宾语。注意：在这个句子中，宾语只是一个词语“你”。
复合句中：-我希望你参加这个聚会。
我是主语。希望是谓语。“你参加这个聚会”是希望的对象，是宾语。而且它是一个句子，所以这部分就叫做“宾语从句”。

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