过去式规则

过去式规则
过去式规则

过去式规则
一般过去时的基本用法
1 带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时
如：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago…（两天前…… ）、last year…（去年…）、the other day（前几天）、once up on a time（过去曾经）、 just now（刚才）、in the old days（过去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前…）、 When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时…）
Did you have a party the other day?
前几天,你们开了晚会了吗?
Lei Feng was a good soldier.
雷锋是个好战士.
注意
在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用过去时.
2 表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时
这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示.
The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.
那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿,看看船长,然后就去世了.
3 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作
常与always,never等连用.
Mrs.Peter always carried an umbrella.
彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞.
（只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞.）
比较
Mrs.Peter always carries an umbrella.
彼得太太老是带着伞.
（说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞）
I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒.
（不涉及到现在,不说明现在是否喝酒）
4 如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用used to do
He used to drink.
他过去喝酒.
（意味着他现在不喝酒了.喝酒这个动作终止了）
I used to take a walk in the morning.
我过去是在早晨散步.
（意味着现在不在早晨散步了）
I took a walk in the morning.
我曾经在早晨散过步.
（只是说明过去这一动作）
比较
I took a walk in the morning .
我曾经在早晨散过步.
（史是说明过去这一动作）
5 有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们中国学生往往出错,要特别注意!
I didn''t know you were in Paris.
我不知道你在巴黎.
（因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了.这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示.实际上,这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.）
I thought you were ill.
我以为你病了呢.
（这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了.但是现在我知道你没病）
现在完成时的用法
have(has)+过去分词(done)
1.现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.
I have lost my wallet.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)
Jane has laid the table.(含义是:已可以吃饭了.)
Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱)
He has returned from abroad.(含义是:现在已在此地)
2.现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情况,常与for,since连用.
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
3.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already,yet,just,before,recently,lately等:
He has already obtained a scholarship.
I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).
We have seen that film before.
Have they found the missing child yet
4.现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often,sometimes,ever,never,twice,on several occasion等:
Have you ever been to Beijing
I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.
I have used this pen only three times.It is still good.
George has met that gentleman on several occasions.
5.现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now,up to these few days/weeks/months/years,this morning/week/month/year,now,just,today,up to present,so far等:
Peter has written six papers so far.
Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
There has bee too much rain in San Francisco this year.
The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.
Up to the present everything has been successful.
6.现在完成时表示现在之前业已完成的动作,虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续,但是有一些现在完成时的句子,在后面加上for+一段时间,则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性.
Thomas has studied Russian.(现在不再学俄语)
Thomas has studied Russian for three years.(=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago,and is still studying it now.(同第2点用法第一个例句)
7.现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.

一，对于规则动词有以下变化规则：
1.一般直接在动词后加ed。例：work-worked finish-finished help-helped。
2.在以e结尾的动词后直接加d。例：hope-hoped like-liked joke-joked。
3.在辅音字母加y结尾的动词后，先将y改为i再加ed。例：carry-carried
study-studied...

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一，对于规则动词有以下变化规则：
1.一般直接在动词后加ed。例：work-worked finish-finished help-helped。
2.在以e结尾的动词后直接加d。例：hope-hoped like-liked joke-joked。
3.在辅音字母加y结尾的动词后，先将y改为i再加ed。例：carry-carried
study-studied try-tried。
4.以重读闭音节或r而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，须双写这个辅音字母再加ed。
例：clap-clapped stop-stopped plan-planned
二，对于不规则动词有以下几种形式：
1.动词原形与过去式，过去分词相同：
burst-burst-burst cut-cut-cut
2.动词原形与过去式，过去分词不相同，但过去式，过去分词相同：
bend-bent-bent build-built-built
3.动词原形，过去式，过去分词都不相同：
begin-began-begun blow-blew-blown
不规则动词有200多个，其过去式与过去分词要记住

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动词后面加ed