求解带初值的微分方程xy''-xy'-y=0y(0)=0,y'(0)=1
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求解带初值的微分方程xy''-xy'-y=0y(0)=0,y'(0)=1
求解带初值的微分方程
xy''-xy'-y=0
y(0)=0,y'(0)=1
求解带初值的微分方程xy''-xy'-y=0y(0)=0,y'(0)=1
(xy)'=y+xy'
(xy)''=xy''+2y'
xy''-xy'-y=0
xy''=xy'+y
(xy)''-2y'=(xy)'
u=xy,v=y
u''-2v'=u'
u''-u'=2v'
两边积分得
u'-u=2v
u=C1e^v+e^(-v)+C
即xy=C1e^y+e(-y)+C
y(0)=0,即0=C1+1+C
xy''=xy'+y =(xy)'
两边积分得
左边→∫xy'' dx = ∫x dy' =(分部积分)= xy' - ∫y' dx = xy' - y;
右边→∫(xy)' = xy;
因此 xy' - y = xy +C1
由 y'(0)=1 得
C1 =0;
即xy' - y = xy.
→y' = (1+x)·y/x =(1+...
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xy''=xy'+y =(xy)'
两边积分得
左边→∫xy'' dx = ∫x dy' =(分部积分)= xy' - ∫y' dx = xy' - y;
右边→∫(xy)' = xy;
因此 xy' - y = xy +C1
由 y'(0)=1 得
C1 =0;
即xy' - y = xy.
→y' = (1+x)·y/x =(1+ 1/x)·y
即dy/dx = (1+ 1/x)·y
(1/y)dy = (1+ 1/x)dx
两边积分得
ln|y| = x + ln|x| +ln|C|
则y=C·xe^x
好像条件少了一个: y(1)=e
得到 C=1
所以 y=xe^x
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