yi ge 是否存在常数a,b使等式1^2/(1*3)+2^2/(3*5)+.+n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1)=(a*n^2+n)/(bn+2)对一切n属于N*都成立
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yi ge 是否存在常数a,b使等式1^2/(1*3)+2^2/(3*5)+.+n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1)=(a*n^2+n)/(bn+2)对一切n属于N*都成立
yi ge
是否存在常数a,b使等式1^2/(1*3)+2^2/(3*5)+.+n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1)=(a*n^2+n)/(bn+2)对一切n属于N*都成立
yi ge 是否存在常数a,b使等式1^2/(1*3)+2^2/(3*5)+.+n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1)=(a*n^2+n)/(bn+2)对一切n属于N*都成立
首先:n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1)=(1/2)*[n^2/(2n-1)-n^2/(2n+1)]
那么就有:
1^2/(1*3)+2^2/(3*5)+.+n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1)
=(1/2)*[1/1-1/3+2^2/3-2^2/5+3^2/5-3^3/7+.+(n-1)^2/(2n-3)
-(n-1)^2/(2n-1)+n^2/(2n-1)-n^2/(2n+1)]
=(1/2)*{1+(2^2-1^2)/3+(3^2-2^2)/5+...[n^2-(n-1)^2]/(2n-1)-n^2/(2n+1)}
=(1/2)*[1+1+1+.1-n^2/(2n+1)]
=(1/2)*[n-n^2/(2n+1)]
=(1/2)*(n^2+n)/(2n+1)
所以就是有:
当1^2/(1*3)+2^2/(3*5)+.+n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1)=(a*n^2+n)/(bn+2)对一切n属于N都成立时,
也就是:
(n^2+n)/2(2n+1)=(a*n^2+n)/(bn+2)=(n^2+n)/(4n+2)
对照一下,就可以得到:
当a=1;;b=4时,
这个等式对一切n属于N都成立..
a=1 b=4
k^2/(2k-1)*(2k+1)=1/4 +1/8*[1/(2k-1)-1/(2k+1)]
求和(k=1 到n)
得到原式=n/4+1/8*[1-1/(2n+1)]=(n^2+n)/(4n+2)
当然有对等式1^2/(1*3)+2^2/(3*5)+.....+n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1)
=(a*n^2+n)/(bn+2)代特殊值如1,2得a,b
然后就可以用数学归纳法证明之
存在 a=1, b=4;
方法1:
由n^2/(2n-1) = (n-1+1)^2/(2n-1) = (n-1)^2 /(2n-1) + 1;
得n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1) = (1/2)*[n^2/(2n-1) - n^2/(2n+1)] = (1/2)*[(n-1)^2/(2n-1) - n^2/(2n+1) + 1]
所以:
原式= 1/2[...
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存在 a=1, b=4;
方法1:
由n^2/(2n-1) = (n-1+1)^2/(2n-1) = (n-1)^2 /(2n-1) + 1;
得n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1) = (1/2)*[n^2/(2n-1) - n^2/(2n+1)] = (1/2)*[(n-1)^2/(2n-1) - n^2/(2n+1) + 1]
所以:
原式= 1/2[0/1 - 1/3 + 1/3 - 4/5 +.....+ (n-1)^2/(2n-1) - n^2/(2n+1) + n] = 1/2[0 - n^2/(2n+1) + n] = (n^2+n)/(4n+2)
方法2:
1.先假设成立,代入n=1,n=2得到a=1,b=4;
2.然后用数学归纳法证明:
1)当n = 1;成立;
2)假设对于,m = n有1^2/(1*3)+2^2/(3*5)+.....+n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1) = (n^2+n)/(4n+2)成立.
3)当 m = n + 1;
有:
1^2/(1*3)+2^2/(3*5)+.....+n^2/(2n-1)*(2n+1) + (n+1)^2/(2n+1)*(2n+3)
= (n^2+n)/(4n+2)+(n+1)^2/(2n+1)*(2n+3)
= [(n+1)^2+(n+1)]/[4(n+1)+2]
所以m = n + 1,成立
所以成立
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